Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten cases of multiple myeloma seen in PUMC hospital survived more than six years. 4 of them survived more than ten years. 6 patients were of IgA type. Features of those cases included: (1) symptoms mild; (2) incidence of anemia low; (3) percentage of tumor cell in bone marrow also relatively low; (4) blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and calcium normal; (5) maintenance therapy rather long. The prognostic factors and the current general situation of treatment were briefly discussed.
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PMID:[Report of 10 cases of multiple myeloma surviving more than 6 years]. 181 84

Twelve Nubian goats were given single or repeated oral dosages of mercuric chloride at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg and died or were killed in extremis at various times after dosing (18 hours-18 days). The main signs of poisoning were anorexia, frothing at the mouth, respiratory distress, epistaxis, bloat, diarrhoea, abnormal posture and recumbency. An increase in the activity of GOT and in the concentrations of urea and inorganic phosphate and a decrease in total protein and calcium concentrations in the serum were detected. The main lesions were dilatation and necrosis of the proximal convoluted tubules, shrinkage and disappearance of the glomerular tufts, varying amounts of acidophilic homogenous material in the lumens of the affected tubules of the kidney, enteritis, hepatocellular degeneration and/or necrosis and pulmonary congestion, haemorrhage, oedema and emphysema. The changes in the red blood cells indicated anaemia.
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PMID:Susceptibility of Nubian goats to mercury poisoning in the Sudan. 181 53

DBA/2FG-pcy mice developed the chronic renal failure by the progressive polycystic formation at five months old. Their bilaterally enlarged kidneys occupied about 15% of the body weight. It was about 9 times larger than the normal kidney of DBA/2N mice. A large number of various-sized cysts appeared in cortex and medulla of bilateral light-yellow kidneys of sponge-like shape. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased. Red blood cells (746 +/- 39 x 10(4)/mm3), hemoglobin (8.8 +/- 0.4 g/dl) and hematocrits (31.1 +/- 1.5%) were lower than those of normal control mice. Serum erythropoietin level and reticulocytes did not increase. In addition, the treatment with exogenous erythropoietin improved the anemia in DBA/2FG-pcy mice. It was suggested that the anemia in DBA/2FG-pcy mice was due to the disorder of erythropoietin production caused by the progressive polycystic formation in kidneys.
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PMID:Renal anemia in polycystic kidney disease mouse. 183 4

A new murine mutation, hairpatches (Hpt), is on chromosome 4, 18.1 recombination units distal to brown near the interferon alpha and beta chain structural gene complex. On the inbred HPT/Le strain background, Hpt is semi-dominant, and Hpt/Hpt mice die in utero by 6 to 8 days of gestation. Such death in utero is associated with abnormalities of embryonic ectodermal derivatives. However on the (C57BL/6J x C3HeB/FeJ-a/a) segregating hybrid background, Hpt is a fully dominant mutation. HPT/Le Hpt/+ mice can be recognized by 3 to 4 days of age by patches of lightly pigmented skin. These mice show reduced numbers of hair follicles, abnormalities in hair follicle structure, and patchy absence of hair throughout life. By 2 weeks of age, abnormal hair follicle development is accompanied by thickening of the epidermis, reduction in levels of subcutaneous fat, and dermal inflammation. Progressive glomerulosclerosis, resulting in chronic kidney failure, is accompanied by increases in glomerular mesangial matrix, deposition of immune complexes, and glomerular enlargement. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed abnormalities of podocytes including disorganization, swelling, and fusion of the foot processes. Increase in serum blood urea nitrogen levels accompanies conspicuous renal histopathologic changes. Cardiovascular changes in Hpt/+ mice are evidenced by hypertrophy of the left heart ventricle. Increased systolic blood pressure in these animals was found by 3 months of age. Anemia occurs in Hpt/+ mice by 40 weeks. The Hpt/+ mutation provides a valuable new animal model for chronic kidney disease accompanied by skin abnormalities and ventricular hypertrophy. The pathologic changes caused by this mutation are similar to those reported in affected family members with a newly described autosomal dominant human disease.
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PMID:Hairpatches, a single gene mutation characterized by progressive renal disease and alopecia in the mouse. A potential model for a newly described heritable human disorder. 183 14

Urea kinetic parameters were studied by means of dialysate collection in 8 stable hemodialysis patients before and after treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO), in order to investigate the impact of a rising hematocrit (Ht) on dialyzer performance and nutritional status. After 6 months, the average in vivo dialyzer urea clearance had fallen from 152 to 132 ml/min and consequently Kt/V values had become undesirably low in most of the patients in whom the relatively short dialysis regimens had been kept unchanged. There was also a significant decrease of protein intake. As a result of both changes there was only a moderate increase of predialysis mean blood urea concentration. These findings indicate that after correction of anemia by r-HuEPO dialyzer performance decreased. The concomitant decrease of protein intake seems to contrast to the improved general physical condition and appetite as indicated in the questionnaires. Although body weight remained the same, there might have been a tendency to avoid protein consumption with maintained total calory intake as a result of slight underdialysis. Therefore, in individual cases dialysis prescriptions may need reconsideration when Ht levels rise after r-HuEPO administration, especially in short dialysis regimens.
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PMID:Influence of erythropoietin treatment on urea kinetic parameters in hemodialysis patients. 185 19

Nutritional status was assessed in 25 anemic hemodialysis patients before and during erythropoietin treatment. Nutritional assessment included regular blood chemistry determinations, anthropometric measurements, analysis of protein content in skeletal muscle, and estimation of daily protein intake from protein catabolic rate determinations (using urea kinetic modelling) and dialysis efficiency for urea. These measurements were done immediately prior to erythropoietin treatment, after anemia correction and after one year of maintenance erythropoietin treatment. Both relative body weights and subcutaneous fat stores were low at the start, but increased significantly (p less than 0.05) during the study. Sixteen of the 25 patients gained weight and eight patients lost weight. The patients with weight gain had at the start of the study low weight indices (body weight 89.9 +/- 7.6% of ideal body weight, body mass index 20.6 +/- 1.6), significantly (p less than 0.005) lower than the patients with weight loss. Although protein malnutrition was not obvious from arm anthropometrics, alkali soluble protein/DNA ratio or from serum albumin determinations, ASP/DNA ratio, increased in three of five patients investigated after one year on erythropoietin treatment. Neither protein catabolic rate nor dialysis efficiency changed significantly during the study. We conclude that anemia correction with erythropoietin has a positive effect on malnutrition in hemodialysis patients. In patients with underweight, an adjustment of fat stores was initially observed, followed possibly by an improvement in muscle protein content.
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PMID:Nutritional assessment in anemic hemodialysis patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. 187 41

Two groups, with 4 patients each were selected for study out of 155 patients on regular hemodialysis (HD): Group I, with hematocrit (PCV) less than 20% and group II, with PCV greater than 30%. The patients in both groups had been anemic at the start of HD treatment, but a significant improvement in their anemia had occurred only among the patients in the Group II. The main difference between the two patient groups, other than the degree of anemia, was found to be in serum erythropoietin (Ep) levels. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in serum urea, creatinine, parathyroid hormone or CFU-E growth inhibition. Acquired cystic disease of the kidney was found in five patients from group I, and in 11 patients from group II. The correlation between the number of cysts in the kidneys and the patient's PCV and serum Ep levels proved significantly positive. The results presented could be regarded as another proof that diseased kidney is capable of functioning as an Ep producing organ despite the loss of excretory function.
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PMID:Erythropoietin and improvement of anemia in long-term hemodialysis patients. 188 10

The clinical and pathological findings of Babesia infection in 32 dogs in northern Australia are presented. Eleven different breed types were represented from 6 localities in north Queensland and one locality in northern Western Australia. Twenty three (72%) were males. Babesia-infected dogs were grouped by the degree of haematological disturbance and clinical severity: Acute babesiosis (25/32), all pups with severe haemolytic anaemia; subclinical carriers (5/32) with non-specific malaise, characterised haematologically by a normal erythrogram but marked leucopenia; chronic anaemia, observed in 2 adult dogs. Pups were azotaemic (serum urea greater than 6.6 mmol/l) and had elevated serum bilirubin levels (20.8 to 48.5 mmol/l). Total serum protein was usually within the normal range. Pups that died were also hypoglycaemic and severely hyperkalaemic (K+ greater than 10 mmol/l). Low parasitaemias in routine blood smears complicated diagnosis but smears made from ear or toe capillaries, or after haematocrit concentration, greatly enhanced finding parasitised cells. At necropsy, pallor and jaundice were the most consistent observations. Haemoglobinuric nephrosis, an active reticulo-endothelial system and capillaries packed with large numbers of infected erythrocytes were the main histopathological findings. A combination of imidocarb dipropionate at 5 mg/kg body weight, given intramuscularly, with fluid therapy and blood transfusion was the most successful treatment.
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PMID:Clinical and pathological findings of Babesia infection in dogs. 188 13

Since 1972, 25 cases of multiple myeloma had been diagnosed. Of them, 22 (88%) were over 50 years old. Most of them had bone pain with anemia to different degrees. Marked elevation of ESR was found in 19 cases. Bence-Jones protein was detected in the urine in 15 cases resulting in elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Twenty-two of 23 cases were found to have a high peak of abnormal globulin. Increased plasma cells with abnormal features in the bone marrow were observed in 17/21 cases. Multiple osteolytic lesions, compression fracture and osteoporosis on X-ray films were shown in the majority. Of these 25 cases, 10 had advanced myeloma. These 10 patients all died during admission and eight without any chemotherapy. In the other 15 cases treated with chemotherapy, marked response was seen in 1, partial response in 8 and no response in 6. The diagnosis of the disease is discussed in detail.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of 25 cases of multiple myeloma]. 188 42

We conducted followup of 264 patients with definite systemic sclerosis (SSc) who were entered into the multicenter Scleroderma Criteria Cooperative Study (SCCS) during 1973-1977. At the end of the study (average 5.2 years of followup), 38% were known to be alive, 50% were dead (68% of these deaths definitely related to SSc), and 12% were lost to followup. Survival analyses of 484 demographic, clinical, and laboratory items recorded at entry into the SCCS (within 2 years of physician diagnosis of SSc) were performed. Survival declined linearly, and the cumulative survival rate was less than 80% at 2 years, 50% at 8.5 years, and 30% at 12 years after entry. Analysis using combinations of entry variables identifying organ system involvement confirmed that renal, cardiac, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal involvement in SSc predicted reduced survival; however, data on organ system involvement at study entry could not be used to consistently predict which organ system would ultimately be involved as the primary cause of death. By survival tree analysis, the individual entry variables best predicting reduced survival included older age (greater than 64 years), reduced renal function (blood urea nitrogen greater than 16 mg/dl), anemia (hemoglobin less than or equal to 11 gm/dl), reduced pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (less than or equal to 50% of predicted), reduced total serum protein level (less than or equal to 6 gm/dl), and reduced pulmonary reserve (forced vital capacity less than 80% with hemoglobin greater than 14 gm/dl or forced vital capacity less than 65% with hemoglobin less than or equal to 14 gm/dl). Cox proportional hazards model analysis confirmed these results. Different combinations of variables led to markedly different survival rates. The poorest prospects for survival were in patients with SSc who were less than or equal to 64 years old with a hemoglobin level less than or equal to 11 gm/dl, and in those greater than 64 years old with a blood urea nitrogen level greater than 16 mg/dl. These results may be useful in predicting individual patients at risk for shortened survival.
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PMID:Predictors of survival in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). 190 91


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