Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thiamphenicol at the rate of 50 mg/kg/day given to female NZBxOUW F1 hybrid mice from weaning and continuing throughout life resulted in a considerable extension of lifespan, although this was less than in mice given the same drug dosage from first antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity (Simpson, Aarons and Howie, 1979). Assessment of the changes in renal dysfunction and renal histology shows that thiamphenicol treatment did not prevent the development of immune complex glomerulonephritis although the rate of progression of the disease was slower than in untreated controls. Thiamphenicol failed to influence greatly the progressive anaemia which develops in these mice or to alter the pattern of ANA production. Although azotaemia developed in treated mice it was a terminal event. It was concluded that the action of thiamphenicol was to depress but not prevent immune complex formation possibly by impairing immunoglobulin formation although why immunofluorescent ANA formation remained unaffected is not understood.
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PMID:Thiamphenicol and lupus nephritis. II. The effects of giving the drug from weaning to NZBxOUW F1 hybrid female mice. 16 Feb 40

Among the various infectious and parasitic disease liable to produce granulopenia, the authors selected certain diseases which represented their personal experience. Classically, leukopenia may occur during typhoid fever, but was not present in all of the series of 114 adults they observed with this disease. It only occurs after antibiotic treatment (Thiamphenicol in the majority of cases). During acute brucellosis (188 cases studied) granulopenia was constant. It occurs early and is lasting. It reappears during septicemic relapse. Leukopenia is corrected during treatment by tetracycline antibiotics. Neutropenia during disease is frequent but usually labile. This characteristic explains why there was no granulopenia in 90 cases of mumps and 64 cases of chickenpox. Finally, during Kala Azar, 8 cases confirmed certain already well known data: the considerable reduction in granulocytes but also anemia and thrombocytopenia.
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PMID:[Granulopenia of infectious origin]. 17 55

Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA), a molecular combination of an antibiotic and a mucolytic, is particularly indicated in the treatment of acute bronchopulmonary infections characterized by mucostasis. Our report is a synthesis of 9 clinical studies on TGA made in France between 1972 and 1976. These studies involved a total of 587 patients (475 adults and 112 children) with bacterial bronchopulmonary infections. Most of the patients were hospitalized, and none were affected by abnormal renal function or hematologic disorders. All received TGA per os or i.m. for an average of 7 days. The effects of TGA were evaluated clinically, radiologically, biologically and bacteriologically. The results of TGA treatment were assessed: - Favourable in 337 patients (58%), TGA mucolytic and antibiotic activity rapidly producing complete cures; - Useful in 160 patients (27%), TGA mucolytic and antibiotic activity producing slow cures; - Nil in 90 patients (15%), TGA producing no evidence of mucolytic and antibiotic activity. During treatment, various minor side effects were observed. In the case of two patients, treatment was not tolerated and therefore suspended. At the end of treatment, hypereosinophilia was observed in 5 patients and thrombocytopenia, anemia or inverted W.B.C. differential counts were observed in 22 patients, due to the presence of thiamphenicol glycinate in the molecule. These effects proved spontaneously reversible.
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PMID:[Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate in the treatment of acute respiratory infections with mucostasis]. 693 12

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is haemotoxic in man, inducing two forms of toxicity. First, a commonly-occurring, dose-related, reversible bone marrow depression, which develops during treatment. Second, a rarer aplastic anaemia (AA), developing after treatment, is irreversible, and often fatal. Thiamphenicol (TAP) was developed as a replacement for CAP; however, there are no toxicological investigations in the mouse or rat on the dose-related haemotoxicity of TAP, in repeat dose gavage studies. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive investigation in these species, administering TAP for 7-17 days, to define haematological changes. Female BALB/c mice were gavaged with TAP, daily for 7-17 days at 400-1500 mg/kg; female Wistar Hanover rats were dosed with TAP daily at 50-375 mg/kg for 9 or 10 days. Haematological changes were studied at 1, 7 and 14 days post-dosing. In mice at day 1, TAP caused decreases in RBC, HCT and Hb; reticulocytes and platelets were reduced; changes were dose-related and reversible. Marrow cell counts were reduced; marrow was hypocellular, with erythroid depletion and progenitor cell vacuolation; the myeloid/erythroid (M:E) ratio was increased. In the rat, changes were not as clear-cut; there was anaemia with indications of reduced reticulocyte and platelet counts, and evidence of decreased neutrophils and lymphocytes. Marrow erythroid cells were decreased, precursor cells vacuolated, and the M:E ratio increased. We conclude that TAP induced haematological changes in the mouse and rat, parallelling the dose-dependent, reversible marrow depression reported in man; TAP is more haemotoxic in the rat than in the mouse.
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PMID:Haemotoxicity of thiamphenicol in the BALB/c mouse and Wistar Hanover rat. 1241