Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense developed a syndrome characterized by anemia, splenomegaly, and glomerulonephritis. Serologic evaluation revealed that the syndrome was accompanied by the presence of 3 autoantibodies--cold-active hemagglutinin, immunoconglutinin, and antibody to fibrinogen/fibrin products. Fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated antibody tests showed the presence of fixed complement and fibrinogen on both trypanosomes and erythrocytes. All infected rats died by the ninth day of the infection with 5 animals showing signs of pulmonary involvement and shock. From these observations it is suggested that autoantigens, autoantibodies, and complement may have been causal in this syndrome.
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PMID:Association of autoantibodies with anemia, splenomegaly, and glomerulonephritis in experimental African trypanosomiasis. 37 15

We examined ophthalmologically a patient with drug-induced aplastic anemia. The patient had good visual acuity and full visual fields, but small round hemorrhages and small red dots were seen ophthalmoscopically in both fundi. Fluorescein angiography revealed punctate hyperfluorescence from the early to late phases, indicating microaneurysms. We believe that retinal microaneurysms are not rare in association with anemia.
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PMID:Retinal microaneurysms in a patient with drug-induced aplastic anemia. 343 15

The chronic severe anemia of patients with beta-thalassemia major stimulates extensive erythropoiesis, which results in circulating nucleated normoblasts. We devised a dual staining flow cytometric procedure in order to analyse the cell cycle and ploidy of these normoblasts. Peripheral blood cells of O blood-group type were first stained with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated anti-H lectin which labels erythroid cells (RBC and normoblasts) by green fluorescence, and then with propidium iodide (PI) which binds to DNA and thereby labels nucleated cells (leukocytes and normoblasts) by red fluorescence. The leukocytes and normoblasts present in the blood sample of thalassemic patients could be distinguished and "gated" based on their green fluorescence. The PI (red) fluorescence, i.e., the DNA histogram of each population, was thus obtained. The results indicated no statistically significant difference in the PI fluorescence of these two populations. Thus, in spite of the abnormal erythropoiesis in beta-thalassemia, the resultant orthochromatic normoblasts are normal with respect to their DNA content.
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PMID:Flow cytometric analysis of the ploidy of normoblasts in the peripheral blood of patients with beta-thalassemia. 843 76

Twenty seven ANA and dsDNA positive cases were selected from surgical files from years 1986 to 1997. Clinical, biochemical, morphological and immunofluorescence findings were correlated. Routine Haematoxylin and Eosin, Per iodic-Acid-Schiff and Methaneamine-Silver stains were used for all cases. Direct immunofluorescence was done whenever possible. Morphologically cases were grouped as per WHO criteria. Morphologically cases were quantified into Austin's chronicity and activity indices. Twenty one to thirty years was common age group. M:F:: 1:4.4. Anemia, skin rash and arthralgia were common extra-renal manifestations. There were 1,5,7,10 and three cases as per WHO class I to V respectively. All cases of class IV had active urine sediments and proteinuria. Four cases had high BUN and Serum creatinine levels. All (12) cases of immunofluorescence revealed group specific patterns. Five cases died. Infection was common cause of death. Twenty to thirty years, males, High BUN and Creatinine levels and high activity and chronicity indices were associated with poor prognosis.
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PMID:Clinical, morphological, immunological correlation of kidney biopsies and prognostication. 1042 Jun 78

We report a case of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) in a patient with iron-deficiency anemia. Various ophthalmological and laboratory studies were performed. A 32-year-old man had a sudden decrease of vision in his left eye to counting fingers at 30 cm two days ago. The left fundus showed a cherry-red spot and milky-white edema, except for the upper temporal region of the macula, and an optic disc malformation. Fluorescein angiography revealed leakage from the disc and a slightly delayed filling time in the left eye but an arterial filling defect was not noted. The differential diagnosis in this young patient includes polycythemia, hypercoagulopathy, coagulation abnormalities, trauma, hypertension, and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Laboratory examinations revealed no abnormalities except for iron-deficiency anemia. The patient was treated with stellate ganglion block, hyperbaric oxygen, and ferrous sulfate. His visual acuity never recovered to better than 0.08. He had a coincidental rectal carcinoid and the tumor was excised surgically. No metastasis was observed. BRAO can be a complication of anemic retinopathy and can lead to severe visual loss without early medication.
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PMID:Branch retinal artery occlusion: a complication of iron-deficiency anemia in a young adult with a rectal carcinoid. 1521 50

Diseases caused by parasites are much more frequently described in cultured fish, which suffer from artificial conditions and numerous stress factors. This study investigates the histological, histochemical and morphometric modifications of splenic melanomacrophage centers (SMMCs) infected by Sparicotyle chrisophrii (Monogenea, ectoparasite of the gills) in sea breams (Sparus aurata), cultured in floating cages in the Gulf of Gaeta (Italy). Infected fish swam near the water surface, showing severe signs of anemia. Several spleens were collected from both healthy and dead fish (70-100 gr. body weight). A spleen histopathology was evaluated by using traditional stainings, such as Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Periodic Acid-Schiff reaction (PAS), Perl's reaction for haemosiderin and Schmorl's reaction for lipofuscins. Furthermore, SMMCs morphometry was performed on PAS-stained sections to study 7 morphometric parameters [Mean SMMCs profile area (MPA), Mean SMMCs maximum diameter (Media), Mean SMMCs minimum diameter (media), Mean SMMCs diameter (Dia), Mean SMMCs Perimeter (P), Mean SMMCs Form Factor (FF) and Mean SMMCs number per square millimeter of spleen tissue (MN)]. A light microscope of HE stained sections of spleen revealed a dramatic increase in the size and number of SMMCs in parasitized animals. Morphometric data illustrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) of all studied parameters between healthy and diseased fish. This study emphasizes the importance of using histopathological investigations to unravel the complex biological host/parasite interaction, which results in systemic lesions affecting reared marine species.
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PMID:Histological, histochemical and morphometric changes of splenic melanomacrophage centers (SMMCs) in Sparicotyle-infected cultured sea breams (Sparus aurata). 1830 2

Mastocytosis is a rare disease characterized by a pathological increased of mast cells in one or more tissues, particularly in the skin, bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes and gastrointestinal tract. Cutaneous mastocytosis represents over 90% of cases found with predilection in children. The aim of the paper was to summarize the authors' clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical observations on patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. We present four cases of cutaneous mastocytosis, sporadic form, customized by clinical presentation and age of onset: two installed in the neonatal period, a case with onset in infancy and another in adulthood. For the assessment of the severity and the effectiveness of the treatment, we used SCORMA Index. We performed in each patient histopathological examination of the skin (Hematoxylin-Eosin and Giemsa stains), the dosage of mediators (serum tryptase level, serum histamine levels, urinary histamine metabolites) and the balance of expansion (complete blood cell count, liver biological investigations, abdominal ultrasound, skeletal radiography, chest radiography). For the adult with mastocytosis, we performed abdominal scanner and cytological study of the bone marrow. Following investigations carried out in each case, we mentioned the diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis, and also excluded several diseases confounded by clinically and histologically aspect. Considering the fact that the balance expansion was negative, we excluded the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis. The presence of anemia and protein energetic malnutrition in children with mastocytosis involves carrying out balance extension for the exclusion of a systemic form of the disease. Histopathological examination of the skin using special stains, the dosage of mediators (serum tryptase level, serum histamine levels, urinary histamine metabolites) and balance expansion establish the diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis and also exclude many confusions because of the clinical presentation.
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PMID:Cutaneous mastocytosis, problems of clinical diagnosis of four cases. 2532 29

Piezo1, encoded by the gene PIEZO1, is an erythrocytic cellular membrane mechanoactivated cation channel. Mutations have been implicated in erythrocyte volume disorders (EVDs)-especially hereditary xerocytosis (HX)/dehydrated stomatocytosis (DHS). We identified three patients, all with novel PIEZO1 mutations, but only one displaying the HX/DHS phenotype. Retrospective review of three cases. Osmotic gradient red cell deformability (Osmoscan) was assessed via the Technicon Ektacytometer. Red cell band 3 content was estimated using Eosin-5'-Maleimide staining. Patient 1 was evaluated for polycythemia. Osmoscans suggested mild spherocytosis; a novel PIEZO1 mutation (p.Thr1589Ile, exon 35) was identified, causing mild erythrocytosis without hemolytic anemia. Patient 2 was evaluated for macrocytosis/reticulocytosis, normal-to-high hemoglobin, and indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Osmoscans suggested increased cellular hydration; a second novel PIEZO1 mutation (p.Arg1728Cys, exon 37) was identified, resulting in overhydrated stomatocytosis with well-compensated hemolysis. Patient 3 was evaluated for indirect hyperbilirubinemia only. Osmoscans suggested dehydrated stomatocytosis (DHS, xerocytosis); a third novel PIEZO1 mutation (p.Arg2279Cys, exon 47) was identified. All three patients' blood smears demonstrated stomatocytes and spherocytes. EVDs may be underdiagnosed due to the lack of "expected" anemia in a hemolytic disorder; two of three patients had high hemoglobin and red cell counts and one had high normal values for both parameters and the presence of stomatocytes/dehydrated cells lead to identification of causative PIEZO1 mutations. PIEZO1-associated EVDs may be more common than previously suspected and should be included in the diagnostic algorithms for mild erythrocytosis/unexplained jaundice.
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PMID:Mild erythrocytosis as a presenting manifestation of PIEZO1 associated erythrocyte volume disorders. 3129 94

Aplastic anemia, life-threatened disease, is a hematologic disorder characterised by bone marrow hypoplasia. Multiple modalities such as bone marrow transplantation and immunosuppression treatment have been proposed to ameliorate this entity, however it remains ineffective. Sambucus, a group of herb plants, possesses a broad spectrum of medicinal properties such as antioxidant, insulin-like activity, anticancer and antiviral. However, the study about its activity toward aplastic anemia incidence is based on limited data. Thus, the research aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activities of Sambucus javanica in chloramphenicol-induced anemia aplastic mouse model. In this present study, BALB/c mice were administrated with chloramphenicol (CMP) to induce aplastic anemia then followed by S. javanica extracts treatment. Additionally, cellular and molecular aspects were evaluated by flow cytometry and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Further analysis showed that S. javanica extracts could promote the population number of regulatory T-cells and naive cytotoxic T-cells. Moreover, those extract also reduced the inflammation and necrotic incidence in CMP-induced mouse aplastic anemia model. Together, these results suggest that S. javanica has therapeutically effect to aplastic anemia by altering the immune system as an immunomodulatory agent.
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PMID:Assessing the Immunomodulatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Sambucus javanica Berries and Leaves in Chloramphenicol-Induced Aplastic Anemia Mouse Model. 3292 74