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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of haemodialysis (HD) was assessed in 72 patients, undergoing a thrice weekly routine HD for chronic renal failure (CRF). Some of them received human recombinant erythropoietin (Eprex). Measurements were performed before and after the HD session: the erythrocyte aggregation (EA) was carried out by a laser backscattering technique with determination of the aggregation time (AT) and of the dissociation thresholds. Plasma viscosity (PV) was evaluated in an automatic capillary viscometer. Fibrinogen (Fg) levels, haematological features (blood cell count), serum proteins, creatinine, and some other biochemical parameters, were also determined. Anaemia was a common feature. Our results compared to those of a control group, confirmed the erythrocyte hyperaggregation before HD which increased during HD. PV also elevated before HD, further increased after HD; the same finding was observed for Fg. Some of these results might be related to the haemoconcentration. Significant correlations were noted between AT and PV, AT and Fg with closer correlations after HD, suggesting a strong cohesion of RBC aggregates, which enhanced during HD. Correlations were highly significant between relative variations of AT and relative variations of PV, Fg, proteins and body weight, before and after HD. Special attention was given to the group of patients under long term treatment with Eprex compared to non-treated dialysed patients: no significant difference was found between both groups. Our results are in agreement with a blood and plasma viscosity syndrome due to increased EA and with a tendency, to thrombosis reported in those patients.
J Mal Vasc 1994
PMID:[Modifications of hemorheologic parameters in the course of hemodialysis in chronic renal insufficiency]. 807 62

The most frequent bacterial infections in patients infected with HIV and suffering from AIDS are non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. Their incidence is increasing all the more as the survival of profoundly immunocompromised patients is prolonged. There are unknown factors as regards the precise origin of these infections and as to the exact epidemiology of atypical mycobacteria. It is known that 95 per cent of atypical mycobacterial infections are due to M. avium. If the pathophysiology of the infection (involving the intervention of cytokines and also factors in relation to the virulence of the germ) is imperfectly understood, the atypical mycobacteria are an independent cause of mortality in advanced stages of the disease. The clinical picture is that of a low grade fever with weight loss and a deterioration in the general physical state. There are subtle physical signs such as a fall in the functional capacity accompanied by weight loss and an unexplained anaemia these should also suggest a diagnosis. More rarely the infection will be localised. The clinical diagnosis will be confirmed by bacteriology which has been aided by recent progress in molecular biology. With the arrival of the newer macrolides it has been shown that treatment prolongs survival in a significant manner. Current recommendations consist of a treatment with a combined regime including a minimum of Clarithyromycin and Ethambutol. The place for polychemotherapy remains to be determined in particular the role for Rifabutine and Amikacine. Immunomodulation by interferon-gamma or GCSF are also under review. The duration of treatment and the necessity of long term suppressive treatment is the object of randomised studies. Prophylaxis is currently recommended for patients with CD4 < 75/mm3. The role of Rifabutine and the new macrolides remains to be determined. Finally, in a large European study the objective is to compare prophylaxis to systematic bacteriological surveillance both as regards efficacy, tolerance, and in terms of pharmaco-economics.
Rev Mal Respir 1997 Dec
PMID:[Manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in patients with HIV infection]. 949 99

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effects of the malaria parasite on the oxygen capacity of blood. 15 males basket-ball players (mean +/- SE: age: 17-30 +/- 1,44 years; weight = 63.20 +/- 6.55 kg; height: 177.99 +/- 0.10 cm) were volunteered to take part in this study. Nine subjects were infected by the malaria parasite, but seemed healthy. Six other subjects were really healthy. The oxygen capacity of blood was decreased in the infected group when compared with the noninfected group (15.86 +/- 1.59 ml vs 17.64 +/- 0.62 ml) (p < 0.05). The comparison of all other hematologic data showed them all reduced in the infected group: total number of erythrocytes = 4.90 +/- 0.50 x 10(9)/ml vs 5.03 +/- 0.33 x 10(9)/ml (p < 0.05), mean cellular volume (CMV): 71.75 +/- 6.37 fl vs 77.67 +/- 5.74 fl (p < 0.01), hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]): 11.84 +/- 1.19 g/100 ml vs 13.16 +/- 0.46 g/100 ml (p < 0.05), hematocrit: 35.22 +/- 2.86% vs 38.93 +/- 1.18% (p < 0.05). The chronic anemia induced by the malaria might theorically limit the oxygen capacity of blood, which constitutes an important factor for the aerobic performance.
Rev Mal Respir 1998 Feb
PMID:[Oxygen transport capacity of blood in athletes with malarial infection]. 955 15

The authors report the cases of two patients admitted to hospital for investigation of haemolytic anaemia. Both had undergone, 10 and 12 years previously, mitral valve replacement with a Ionescu-Shiley bioprosthesis. In both cases, in the absence of signs of cardiac failure, Doppler echocardiography showed mitral regurgitation. The association of haemolytic anaemia and dysfunction of the bioprosthesis led to redux valve replacement and correction of the anaemia. Haemolytic anaemia was the presenting sign of bioprosthetic valve dysfunction requiring replacement of the prosthesis. This complication is common with mechanical valve prostheses but much more rare in bioprosthetic valves.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1998 Jul
PMID:[Late-occurrence hemolytic anemia after mitral valve bioprosthesis. 2 cases]. 974 80

Frequency of recreational abuse of cocaine is increasing. We report the case of a patient who developed an acute anemia associated with an alveolar hemorrhage after repeated inhalation of cocaine. He presented with daily hemoptysis and dyspnea. Chest-X ray and CT scan showed bilateral micronodular opacities. The fibroscopic alveolar lavage fluid showed fresh blood. DLCO/VA was 117% predicted. With oxygen therapy and no blood transfusion the evolution was positive within 48 hours, without relapse. The occurrence of hemoptysis in subjects who inhale cocaine must lead to suspect cocaine induced-pulmonary hemorrhage.
Rev Mal Respir 1999 Sep
PMID:[Pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome after inhalation of cocaine]. 1054 68

We report a case of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in a 35-year old patient with beta-thalassemia major; he had commenced blood transfusions after the age of 4 years and had been splenectomised at the age of 6 years. PH clinical presentation was not uncommon. Hemodynamic study revealed precapillary PH with high cardiac output; vasodilators agents led to significant pulmonary responsiveness. In beta-thalassemia, whereas congestive heart failure is common and due to cardiac hemosiderin deposition, PH appears to be non rare but its etiopathogenic mechanism remain unclear and probably non univoqual. Hypoxemia as well as hemodynamic changes related to chronic anemia including increased pulmonary flow might play an important role. Management should include blood transfusions to correct anemia, the indication and the choice of vasodilator agents need to be evaluated.
Rev Mal Respir 2000 Jun
PMID:[Pulmonary hypertension in patient with beta-thalassemia major]. 1095 65

A 78 year-old woman, suffering from a von Recklinghausen's disease sought medical assistance for hematemesis with anemia. This patient had previously experienced an amputation of the right arm for gangrene. Gastric fibroscopy unveiled a deep chronic ulcus developed in the antrum, highly suspect of malignancy. Multiple biopsies of the ulcer showed mainly interstitial gastritis. The persistence of the hematemesis imposed a subtotal gastrectomy. Pathological examination of the operative specimen evidenced an ischemic ulcer caused by arterial intimal muscular fibrodysplasia with associated neurofibromatosis in the neighboring sub-mucosal layer. This case report highlights the frequent association of phacomatosis especially von Recklinghausen's disease, with vascular lesions whose clinical expression mainly depends on the involved vascular area.
J Mal Vasc 2001 Feb
PMID:[Intimal muscular fibrodysplasia responsible for an ischemic gastric ulcer in a patient with a von Recklinghausen's disease: a case report]. 1124 May 32

It is estimated in the absence of reliable data that 200,000 children, 90% of them in Africa and the Caribbean, became infected with HIV through 2989. 1.5 million fertile-aged women were also infected. A 25% increase in mortality among children under 5 in Africa is 1 probable result. A doubling or tripling of mortality among adults will cause a fertility decline and an increase in infant mortality due to malnutrition. 200,000 children are expected to be orphaned by AIDS by 1992. 60-70% of seropositive African children are believed to have been infected by their mothers. Over half of infants born to mothers seropositive for HIV1 develop the disease. Reasons why vertical HIV1 transmission is apparently more likely than in Europe are not yet known. Vertical transmission of HIV2 is apparently much less likely. Contamination by blood transfusions is still very frequent. Although data are scarce, contamination through broken skin is known to occur, through use of infected syringes, during traditional scarification or circumcisions, during delivery in certain maternity centers when scarce tools are reused to cut the umbilical cord. There is some risk of contamination through mother's milk, but it is greatly exceeded by the benefits to infants of breastfeeding, especially in impoverished families. 10-30% of AIDS cases in children develop before 6 months and are manifested by polyadenopathic syndrome, hepatosplenomegalies, persistent and invasive esophageal and perhaps cutaneous candidiasis, prolonged or recurring fever, and failure to grow. Pulmonary complications are frequent. After 6 months, initial manifestations of the disease are more varied. Very often there is a severe and rapid decline in the general state of health, ending in marasmus with opportunistic infections. Tuberculosis is frequent. Anemia, bleeding problems, and cutaneous signs are common. Laboratory diagnoses are not available in most African health services. A clinical finding of 3 or 4 signs of AIDS in the absence of known cause of immunodeficiency is most often the basis for diagnosis of AIDS. A positive ELISA result in a child with strong clinical signs of AIDS may be considered sufficient evidence, but there are numerous potential causes of error. AIDS typically progresses very rapidly in African children, with early initial signs, frequent and severe infections, delays in diagnosis and treatment, and interactions with malnutrition. Children of seropositive mothers should be monitored carefully. Even if not infected at birth, they face grave risks when their mothers become ill. Seropositive children should receive all schedule vaccinations as long as they remain asymptomatic. Health care personnel should minimize blood transfusions, sterilize all materials, and inform the public about HIV infection and its prevention. Educational campaigns are still the only true means of combatting AIDS.
Med Mal Infect 1990
PMID:[AIDS in the African infant and child]. 1228 65

Treating Hepatitis C among HIV patients under antiretroviral drug therapy requires a high degree of vigilance and continuous monitoring because of frequent problems with intolerance and/or drug interactions. Recent studies, including three therapeutic trials, on Ribavic, APRICOT, and ACTG A5671, have given some insights on following these patients up. The adverse effects are relatively similar in HCV-HIV-co-infected patients and patients infected by HCV only. Their frequency is, on the other hand, higher among HCV-HIV-Co-infected patients. The adverse-effects are consistent, in a non-exhaustive way, with pseudo influenza-like symptoms, fever, myalgia, cephalgia, with psychiatric disorders (irritability, depression, etc.); endocrine disorders (thyroid dysfunction, diabetes...); and with hematological anomalies especially anemia and leucopenia. But the percentage of lymphocyte T CD4 is not modified, therefore there is no risk of opportunistic infection. Pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretroviral drugs and treatment for HCV infection including ribavirin plus interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) or pegylated IFN are described. They are almost exclusively due to the combination of ribavirin and of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. One of the principal consequences is the emergence of mitochondrial toxicity defined by the occurrence of hyperlactatemia, or acute pancreatitis). Thus, some combinations should be avoided such as ddI+ribavirin and ddI+d4T+ribavirin. The d4T+ribavirin combination must also be used with caution.
Med Mal Infect 2005 Mar
PMID:[Intolerance to and/or drug interactions of anti-HIV and anti-HVC therapy]. 1591 Nov 83

Anaemia is common in severe cardiac failure due to systolic dysfunction. The mechanisms are varied. Anaemia is a negative prognostic factor. Treatment with erythropoietin seems to improve the quality of life, functional status, effort tolerance and systolic function of these patients. Large scale clinical trials are on-going.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2005 Oct
PMID:[Anaemia, cardiac failure and erythropoietin]. 1629 46


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