Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The X chromosome-linked scurfy (sf) mutant of the mouse is recognized by the scaliness of the skin from which the name is derived and results in death of affected males at about 3-4 weeks of age. Consideration of known man-mouse homologies of the X chromosome prompted hematological studies, which have shown that the blood is highly abnormal. The platelet and erythrocyte counts are both reduced and become progressively lower relative to normal as the disease progresses. There is gastrointestinal bleeding, and most animals appear to die of severe anemia. By contrast, the leukocyte count is consistently raised. Some animals showed signs of infection but it is not yet clear whether there is immunodeficiency. Other features include the scaly skin and apparently reduced lateral growth of the skin, conjunctivitis, and diarrhea in some animals. The mutant resembles Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in man, which is characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema, diarrhea, and immunodeficiency. The loci of the human and mouse genes lie in homologous segments of the X chromosome, although apparently in somewhat different positions relative to other gene loci. Scurfy differs from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in that scurfy males are consistently hypogonadal.
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PMID:The scurfy mouse mutant has previously unrecognized hematological abnormalities and resembles Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. 232 May 65

Cotton top marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) were orally dosed with 3, 1, 0.1 or 0 mg 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB)/kg body weight twice per week for 18-23 weeks. Severe toxicity occurred in the highest dose group. Clinical signs of toxicity were a rapid decrease in body weight, alopecia, abnormal nail growth, nodular enlargement of the nipple area and scaly skin. Haematological analysis of peripheral blood revealed mild leukocytosis and anemia. Biochemical alterations observed were elevated triglyceride levels and cholesterol levels. Histopathology revealed dose dependent changes in a variety of tissues. Squamous metaplasia was found in skin and adnexa as well as in salivary glands. In the stomach, parietal cells were decreased and mucus producing cells were increased. The duodenal mucosa was hyperplastic. Ovaries showed an absence of corpora lutea. In the thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy were noted. Toxicity was less severe in marmoset monkeys dosed with 1 mg TCB/kg, while minor toxic effects were observed in the animals dosed with 0.1 mg TCB/kg. The marmoset monkey appears to be less sensitive to the toxic action of TCB than the rhesus monkey. The pattern of histological and biochemical changes induced by TCB in marmoset monkeys is comparable to that described in humans and in other primate species exposed to PCBs. The marmoset monkey model may be valuable for investigations on human-related toxicity of PCBs.
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PMID:Chronic toxicity of 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). 312 95