Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 66 year old patient with diabetes had a necrolytic migratory erythema, weight loss and anaemia. Plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) of 2465 pmoles/l (normal 35 +/- 5 SEM pmoles/l) suggested the existence of a glucagonoma which was confirmed by arteriography and subsequently removed by surgery. Although plasma IRG returned to normal, glucose tolerance and insulin secretion remained pathological. Plasma amino acid levels had been reduced but were corrected by surgery. Pancreatic polypeptide, however, 298 pmoles/l before was still 206 pmoles/l after the operation (normal 12-48 pmoles per litre). Column chromatography of plasma and tumor extracts showed quantitatively important IRG fractions with molecular weights above 9000 daltons, possibly precursors of glucagon. Beside a 50-fold IRG excess, the tumour concentrations of insulin and somatostatin were 4 to 150 times increased. By contrast, pancreatic polypeptide was present in normal amounts. Electron microscopic examination showed atypical A-cell granula and unusual abundance of mitochondria.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo studies on glucagonoma tissue. 610 27

Twenty-eight cases of alpha cell tumors of the pancreatic islets have been reported. The clinical features include typical skin rash (termed migratory necrolytic erythema) and stomatitis with anemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and weight loss. The time course of the disease is variable but the clinical syndrome may be present for up to 15 years (median five years) before discovery of the tumor. In 3 patients, cure was achieved by surgical resection, and in 17 patients in whom metastatic sites were evaluable, 16 involved the liver. Six patients have received chemotherapy: 4 with streptozotocin (STZ); 1 with dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC); and 2 with 5-fluorouracil. All 4 patients receiving STZ responded to therapy with objective regression of the tumor and in 3 the dermatitis syndrome receded as well. The selectivity of the STZ for beta cells observed in animals is contrasted with the specific antitumor activity of STZ for alpha as well as beta and delta cell tumors in man.
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PMID:Pancreatic alpha cell tumors: case report and review of the literature. 624 56

Although the features of the glucagonoma syndrome had been described in isolated reports since 1942, this potentially curable condition has only recently been adequately defined. In 1974, MALLINSON collected nine cases and described the association of a peculiar skin rash with glucagon-secreting tumors of the pancreas. The typical skin rash, necrolytic migratory erythema, is accompanied by other disturbances including weight loss, anaemia, glossitis, cheilitis angularis, psychiatric symptoms. Diabetes is not a prominent feature, and the impairment of glucose tolerance can indeed be very slight. Up to 1979, about 50 cases have been reported. More than half of these patients had malignant tumors. The authors report on a 67-year-old man in whom a glucagonoma in the tail of the pancreas has been resected with apparent cure. The almost complete disappearance of the skin rash within three weeks of extirpation of the tumor has been most impressive. In June 1979 a similar tumor has been operated by one of the authors in a 60-year-old man. In this instance the tumor was located in the pancreatic corpus and could be radically resected by left-sided pancreatectomy.
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PMID:[The glucagon syndrome]. 625 12

Aspirin and paracetamol (acetaminophen) are the most commonly used minor analgesics, but their effects on the gastrointestinal tract differ widely. Aspirin is significantly associated with major upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, whereas acetaminophen is not. Short-term use of aspirin produces erythema, erosions, and occasionally ulcers; acetaminophen use does not. Chronic gastric ulcer is linked to aspirin intake in patients with rheumatic disease, and epidemiologically in all heavy aspirin users; paradoxically, in only one epidemiologic study was a significant association found between acetaminophen intake and chronic gastric ulcer. Fecal occult blood loss is increased in most regular aspirin users but not in those taking acetaminophen. Although studies in children have not apparently been made, in isolated small clinical series it has been shown that gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia do occur in the pediatric age group following the use of aspirin. Pathophysiologically, aspirin alters the gastric mucosal barrier to hydrogen ions and lowers gastric potential difference; acetaminophen has no effect on these parameters. Such changes correlate ultrastructurally with damage in surface epithelial cells and microerosions after the use of aspirin, but not after the use of acetaminophen. Aspirin causes a dramatic reduction in the ability of gastric mucosa to generate protective prostaglandins; however, acetaminophen also reduces prostaglandins. Other postulated mechanisms of aspirin damage include reduction in gastric mucosal secretion, bicarbonate output, and alteration of cell turnover. Because aspirin damage to gastric mucosa is often "silent," the clinician needs a high level of suspicion and awareness. In patients prone to gastric damage, or in those with a past history of aspirin-induced gastric damage, acetaminophen is the drug of choice when a minor, noninflammatory problem requires an analgesic.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal effects of antipyretic analgesics. 635 68

A 47-year-old man suffering from colitis ulcerosa developed serious anaemia, oedema, stomatitis with burning tongue, dry skin and erosive lesions with peripheral spreading on the ankles. Histology and electron microscopy showed characteristic signs for necrolytic migratory erythema, zinc deficiency acrodermatitis, or pellagra. Decreased serum zinc level and response to oral zinc substitution finally proved the diagnosis of acquired zinc deficiency.
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PMID:[Acquired zinc deficiency mimicking glucagonoma dermatitis. Histology and electron microscopy]. 646 30

Vaginal exudates were taken from 600 new patients of the gyneco -obstetrics outpatient clinic. Candida was isolated from 261 patients, 134 (22.3%) of which had this yeast as a component of the normal flora, and in 127 (21.2%) it was considered as a pathogen. The most frequent symptoms in the last group were vaginal discharge, erythema and pruritus. Pregnancy was the most frequent opportunistic factor, followed by the association of pregnancy and malnutrition, and anemia. Vaginal candidosis was more frequent in patients of the medium socio-economical stratum. The species of Candida isolated were C. albicans (67.7%), C. tropicalis (18.8%), C. stellatoidea (8.7%), C. pseudotropicalis (2.4%), C. parakrusei (1.6%) and C. guillermondi (0.8%).
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PMID:Vaginal candidosis. Opportunistic factors and clinical correlation in 600 patients. 673 68

A 70-year-old man presented with symmetrical arthritis and arthralgias, Raynaud's phenomenon, pleurisy, fever, maculopapular erythema, leuko- and thrombocytopenia, anemia, antinuclear antibodies and hypocomplementemia. His bone marrow morphology was normal. During therapy with corticosteroids he developed pulmonary tuberculosis which responded well to tuberculostatic treatment. Approximately one year after onset of his initial symptoms, myeloblasts were seen in the blood and a few weeks later the bone marrow showed a myeloblastic leukemia. The patient did not respond to cytostatic treatment and died six weeks later. Although this patient presented symptoms suggesting the diagnosis of SLE, in retrospect his condition probably represented an unusual type of preleukemic syndrome.
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PMID:Preleukemic syndrome simulating SLE. A case report. 696 56

Thirty-four cases of SLE treated during the past seven years (1974-1981) in Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital are reported and analyzed. Diagnosis of SLE was based on ARA preliminary criteria and Hahn's preliminary criteria. There were 32 females (94.2%) and 2 males (5.8%). The mean age at diagnosis was 28.5 years (range 14-51). Clinical manifestations were as follows: facial erythema 24 cases (70.6%), Raynaud's phenomenon 4 cases (11.4%), oral or nasopharyngeal ulceration 7 cases (20.6%), arthritis without deformity 22 cases (64.7%), proteinuria 21 cases (61.8%), pleural or pericardial effusions 13 cases (38.2%), psychosis or convulsions 9 cases (26.5%), hematological abnormalities 25 cases (73.5%). Laboratory findings were as follows: positive ANA test 33/34 (97.0%), hypocomplementemia 10/13 (76.9%), direct Coombs' test 4/18 (22.2%), indirect Coombs' test 1/13 (7.6%), LE cell 19/34 (55.9%), RA Latex 7/17 (41.7%), polyclonal gammopathy 15/17 (88.2%), anemia 25/34 (73.5%), leukopenia 12/34 (35.3%), thrombocytopenia 10/34 (29.4%). Three cases were complicated by herpes zoster, one by hyperthyroidism, and one by autoimmune thyroiditis. Ten cases died, including 4 renal failure, 2 heart failure, 2 cases of committed suicide and 1 case of CNS involvement.
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PMID:[Clinical experience in systemic lupus erythematosus (author's transl)]. 709 84

The infectious erythema is usually childhood disease associated with rash and caused by parvovirus B19. At the beginning of 1993., at the Clinic for infectious and tropical diseases of the Military Medical Academy 36 patients were treated for this disease, the average age 21 years. The prodromal phase of illness lasted approximately 2.9 days, the elevated temperature 5.2 days, and 17 patients had temperature above 39 degrees C. The rash was usually maculo-papullous and lasted about 6 days. Four patients had the recurrence of rash. The polyarthralgia appeared for short in six patients and in one patient lasted longer than 4 months. The mild anemia during infectious erythema was observed in 18 patients. IgM antiparvo B19 antibodies were proven in serum in 91.7%, and IgG antibodies in 58.3% of patients.
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PMID:[Clinical manifestations of infectious erythema in adults]. 757 27

Parvovirus B19 is a small, heat-stable, single-strained DNA virus (5.5 kb), with 23 nm icosahedral capsid discovered in 1975. Since its discovery, the virus has been shown to be a causative agent of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). Under specific circumstances it can cause transient aplastic crisis, chronic anemia, arthritis and fetal death. Laboratory diagnosis of recent or past B19 infection usually relies on the demonstration of virus-specific IgM or IgG antibodies in patient's serum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Parvovirus B19 infection among 87 pregnant patients. Our study on anti-B19 antibody prevalence indicates that about 64% of pregnant women in our country lack specific antibodies and are at risk of B19 infection. One intrauterine death was encountered in a patient with specific IgM antibodies. The authors suggest the detection of IgG and IgM anti-B19 antibodies as a routine screening practice during pregnancy.
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PMID:[Parvovirus B19 infection: the general aspects and gestational problems]. 764 92


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