Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 14-year-old youth had a 2 month history of proptosis of the left eye when he developed pain in the left thigh. Physical examination revealed a mass involving the left orbit and a neurologic deficit suggestive of involvement of the left lumbosacral plexus. The mass, a left frontal epidural tumor, was removed surgically. Subsequently, he developed marked anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute granulocytic leukemia. He was treated with various anticancer agents but he did not respond well and he expired two months later. Postmortem examination revealed anaplatic granulocytic cells infiltrating numerous tissues including the conjunctiva, choroid, and leptomeninges. Marked degenerative changes of the left retina and bilateral papilledema were evident.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma of the orbit. Report of a case. 105 15

Intensive leukapheresis has been used as the initial treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) in six patients. The number of leukaphereses ranged from 3 in 7 days to 13 in 39 days (mean, 8 in 22 days). The procedures were well tolerated, and in all patients there was improvement in hematologic values, in most cases with considerable reduction in the peripheral leukocytosis and thrombocytosis and in the proportion of immature granulocytic cells in the circulation. Splenomegaly decreased considerably in the four patients who had more than four leukaphereses. Symptoms of sweating, malaise, and pain due to splenomegaly were rapidly relieved. Problems due to hyperuricemia did not occur, but four patients required blood transfusions for correction of anemia. This method of initial treatment of CGL appears to give more rapid relief of symptoms than does conventional chemotherapy; it incurs no risk of hyperuricemia and lessens that associated with thrombocytosis. In addition, large quantities of granulocyte-rich plasma are made available for the treatment of infections in neutropenic patients. Intensive leukapheresis deserves more widespread evaluation as the initial treatment of CGL.
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PMID:Intensive leukapheresis as initial therapy for chronic granulocytic leukemia. 106 Apr 70

A sliding hiatus hernia is a common radiological finding and is not always relevant to the patient's symptoms. The possibility of an alternative explantation for the complaint of retrosternal pain or dyspepsia should always be considered, and when anaemia is present the site of occult blood loss is often lower in the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of patient's with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux can be controlled with medical measures. Surgical intervention in cases of uncomplicated hiatus hernia should be recommended only after careful preoperative assessment and even then a satisfactory result cannot be absolutely guaranteed.
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PMID:Common gastroenterological problems. II.--Sliding hiatus hernia. 107 40

An initial clinical phase I trial of inosine dialdehyde has been carried out in 40 patients at dose levels of 30-4000 mg/m2 for 5 days given intravenously (iv) monthly. At 1.5 g/m2, noncumulative dose-related toxicity occurred in all patients which consisted of nausea and vomiting, local pain, alterations in coagulation mechanism, elevated partial thromboplastin time, and positive Coombs' test. No dose-limiting leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, or bleeding occurred; however, depression of the leukocyte and platelet counts, and decreased hemoglobin value were observed. The dose-limiting toxic effect was renal tubular damage with reversible acute renal failure in one of four patients who received 3000 mg/m2 iv for 5 days. Refractory hypercalcemia was controlled in three of three patients without tumor effect. Responses occurred in patients with seminoma, oat cell carcinoma, and melanoma. A starting dose of 2 g/m2 for 3 days monthly is recommended for phase II trials and a trial in lung carcinoma is now being conducted.
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PMID:Clinical phase I trial of inosine dialdehyde (NSC-118994). 110 41

Seven gastrocolic and five gastrojejunocolic fistulae were recorded at Charity Hospital between 1940 and 1970. Such fistulae occurred in males more often than females. In this series, as in others, the most common cause was gastric surgery for peptic ulcer disease. Pain, diarrhea, and weight loss were clinical findings in half the patients; anemia, leukocytosis, electrolyte disturbances and hypoalbuminemia were common laboratory findings. A fistula was demonstrated radiologically in nine of the twelve patients, management of these patients included no operation (3); two-stage procedure (2); and one-stage procedure (7); with a recent trend toward the one-stage procedure. A case report of a fistula resulting from postoperative complications of perforative appendicitis in which a successful combination of hyperalimentation and diverting colostomy was used is presented.
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PMID:Gastrocolic and gastrojejunocolic fistulae: report of twelve cases and review of the literature. 113 Aug 54

The anatomic pattern seen in the three patients with contiguous gastric duplications associated with pancreatic ducts evidently predisposes the patient to pancreatitis. In the previous patient reported upon from this institution, the correlation of severe bleeding episodes with attacks of pancreatitis strongly supports the concept of blood blocking the pancreatic ductal system, thereby producing pancreatitis. Passage of viscous mucoid secretions from the aberrant gastric mucosa into the pancreatic ductal system also might retard the normal flow of pancreatic juice, producing elevation of the serum amylase level and pain. Overdistention of the gastric duplication also might be considered as a source of pain, but such mechanisms can be considered only speculation at present. Diagnosis is usually made after more than one exploratory laparotomy. Hemorrhage may result, should the gastric duplication contain parietal cells, leading to hemoductal pancreatitis, hematemesis or melena and anemia. At least one in five patients with a gastric duplication possesses another intestinal duplication. Developmental defects commonly are associated with gastric cysts. Almost identical anatomy was present in the patients with contiguous duplications. That two such rare pancreatic disorders were documented in the same institution within two years suggests that this pattern of developmental defect is more common that had previously been expected.
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PMID:Pancreatitis of unusual origin. 116 66

Apart from the usual hazards of local anesthesia (toxic reaction due to overdose or intravasal administration, allergic reaction, reaction to the vasoconstrictor), a further risk which should be borne in mind in local anesthesia of the neck region is inadvertent epidural or intrathecal administration of the local anesthetic agent. Depression of respiration or total respiratory failure may occur due to blockade of the superficially located medullary chemoreceptors in the form of a high or total spinal block. The pathogenesis of these incidents is investigated. Respiratory failure is usually reversible and requires immediate and effective therapy (artificial respiration, oxygen administration). The indications for neck anesthesia and their relativity within the entire therapeutic program should be given careful consideration. If (radicular) pain occurs during the injection, or if cerebrospinal fluid is aspirated, the procedure should be interrupted immediately and some time allowed to elapse. In fatal cases the injection channel must be dissected layer-wise in local anemia down to the dural sac. The possible pathway of toxic administration (epidural, subdural, intravasal) must be demonstrated chemically.
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental contribution concerning the pathogenesis of acute life-threatening complications during neck anaesthesia]. 117 98

In the two years - 1st January, 1973 to 31st December, 1974 - 533 patients had operation for tubal pregnancy at the Gynaecology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. About five cases per week were seen during this period. The incidence was 44 for every thousand deliveries at the Hospital. The case notes of 404 of the 533 patients have been reviewed. The age range was 15 to 44 years; 78% were in the 21 to 35 years age group. 81.4% had had pregnancies which went beyond 28 weeks. Only 13.7% had never had an intrauterine pregnancy. Tubal pregnancy is therefore not a disease of the primarily infertile as is commonly thought. There was no significant difference between the incidence on the right side and the incidence on the left side. The ampulla was the commonest site of implantation in the tube (45%). Tubal rupture (89.6%) was commoner than tubal abortion (10.4%). The principal signs and symptoms were abdominal pain, amenorrhoea, abdominal tenderness, abdominal distension, and signs of free fluid in the abdomen, syncope, anomalous vaginal bleeding, pallor and vomiting. The absence of amenorrhoea does not rule out the possibility of an ectopic. On pelvic examination the major signs were tenderness in a fornix and cervical excitation pain. Abdominal paracentesis and culdocentesis if positive are useful in diagnosis; negative results prove nothing. Laparascopy is of great value and should be employed in the difficult case. Beware of the patient in the reproductive age with anomalous vaginal bleeding, vague abdominal pains, syncopic attacks and anaemia. The mortality rate in the series was 0.7%.
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PMID:Tubal pregnancy: a review of 404 cases. 123 87

Confusion associated with the developmental problems of adolescence is intensified and prolonged for those suffering from sickle-cell anemia. Feelings of isolation and dependence due to a life-threatening disease can impede the transition to responsible, self-actualizing maturity. Weekly group meetings with nine young women suffering form sickle-cell anemia helped them move toward maturation and a sense of their own competence. The experience of closeness with other adolescents who shared the same vulnerabilities was mutually facilitating. These young women had been caught by a sense that it was impossible to progress to independent maturity, and so became resigned and passive. Yet an inner sense of vitality and their emerging sexuality occasionally sparked rebellion against this helplessness. Sexual senations and potential for family life were available counter-balances against recurrent association with pain and death. Through group support these linkages with hope were strengthened.
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PMID:Adolescents with sickle-cell anemia deal with life and death. 123 86

S-Homozygotes, SC heterozygotes, and S-beta-thalassaemia heterozygotes are the haemoglobinopathies which make up sickle cell disease. Although their clinical features are similar, as regards complications during pregnancy, Hb S-beta-thalassaemia most dangerous, the main causes of mortality being severe anemia, acute sequestration crisis, bacterial infections, painful episodes, and pulmonary bone marrow fat embolism. Folic acid and antimalarials (where these are indicated) are often successful in preventing severe anaemia. It is best to reserve blood transfusion to replace moderate loss or to correct gross anaemia quickly when this is considered severe enough to threaten life. Painful crises are particularly common towards the end of pregnancy and in treating these episodes, analgesics, antibiotics, and sometimes heparin are used. S-homozygote carries additional hazards. Because of the prevalence of pelvic contraction, fetopelvic disproportion is common and so the incidence of operative deliveries is high. Many fetuses are lost through an increased incidence of abortion and perinatal mortality. In the survivors, there is evidence of intrauterine growth retardation brought about by continuous maternal anaemia throughout pregnancy.
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PMID:Sickle cell disease in pregnancy. 126 39


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