Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The primary complex like Ghon was observed in a child's clinical roentgenographic study. C.S., white, male, 6 years old, was born in Curitiba (PR), Brazil and living in Guaratingueta (SP), Brazil, developed "common cold", bimodal diary fever, chills, shake and sweats. Dyspnea, cough with general lymphadenopathy. Foot and right shoulder arthralgias. Six months ago visited a cave, equitation practice, dog and cat contacts and no transfusion, frontal sweats, fever (38.4 degrees C). T.A. was 8/6, tachycardia in generalized lymphadenopathy. Cardiopulmonary system was normal, mesogastric tumoral mass, hepatosplenomegaly and no ascites. Bone marrow with eosinophilia; nodule demonstrated presence of P. brasiliensis, hypoalbuminemia; hyperglobulinemia; anemia; leukocytosis with eosinophilia. Immunodiffusion with exoantigen 43 kd of P. brasiliensis was 1/32. Primary complex like Ghon was observed in interstitial pneumonia followed by mediastinal and mesogastric mass (35 to 40 days). Clavicular osteolytic lesions (45 to 60 days) appeared during paracoccidioidomycosis therapy. Recovery was observed 2 months after treatment of acute infantile paracoccidioidomycosis.
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PMID:[Pulmonary lymph node in acute juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis (a case report)]. 130 53

The earliest written report of selenium poisoning is thought to be the description by Marco Polo of a necrotic hoof disease of horses that occurred in China in 13. century. However recognition of Se as toxic principle come in the early 1930s. Severity of Se poisoning depends on chemical forms of the element, species of animals and routes of administration. The soluble Se salts (Na2SeO3 and Na2SeO4) appear to be among the more toxic compounds; the Se inherent in grains and selenoamino acids (selenomethionine and selenocystine) appear to have relative moderate toxicity; the poorly soluble forms (e.g., elemental Se, Na2Se, SeS2 and diphenyl selenide) are among the least toxic of the Se compounds. In general, toxicity of Se compounds are substantially less when they are administered orally than when they are given parenterally. Rosenfeld and Beath described three clinical types of Se intoxication: acute selenosis, subacute selenosis (i.e., blind staggers type), and chronic selenosis (i.e., alkali disease type). Acute poisoning occurs when high Se content plants are consumed in large quantities within short period. Accidental acute poisoning occurs as consequence of errors in formulation of a Se supplemented diet. The most characteristic sign of acute selenosis is garlic breath due to the pulmonary excretion of volatile Se metabolites. Other signs include lethargy, excessive salivation, vomiting, dyspnea, muscle tremors and respiratory distress. Pathological findings are: congestion of the liver and kidney, fatty degeneration and focal necrosis of the liver, endocarditis and myocarditis. Subacute selenosis ("blind staggers") occurs as a consequence of exposure to large doses of Se over a longer period of time and manifests with neurological signs (e.g., blindness, ataxia, disorientation) and respiratory distress. This form of selenosis is most frequently observed in grazing animals that have consumed Se-accumulated plants. Chronic selenosis ("alkali disease") comes about when animals consume moderate levels of Se (more than 5 mg/kg and less than 40 mg/kg) for period of weeks or months. The usual clinical signs of chronic selenosis in horses, cattle and swine are: loss of hair (horses and cattle lose long hair from the mane and tails), emaciation, hoof lesions and lameness. In advanced cases liver cirrhosis, atrophy of the heart and anemia occur. In swine symmetrical poliomyclomalacia of cervical and lumbal/sacral spinal cord segment has been seen. Sheep seen to be more tolerant and get milder form of the disease. They lose appetite and have reduced gain. In growing chicks reduced gain and feed intake, rough feathers, and characteristics of nervousness has been observed. Reduced egg production, embryonic deformations and reduced hatchability has been observed in hens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Selenium toxicity in domestic animals]. 134 Apr 80

A novel canine retrovirus was isolated from mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood of a leukaemic dog. The main clinical and pathological findings in this dog were lethargy, anorexia, weakness, dyspnoea, severe anaemia, thrombocytopenia and a high white blood cell count, practically all of which were lymphoblasts. The virus was isolated from mononuclear cells obtained from the blood, cocultivated with indicator cells. The virus particles encode a reverse transcriptase with Mg++ preference, have a density in sucrose gradients of 1.16 g ml-1, and induce syncytia in permissive cell cultures such as Himalayan tahr ovary and canine fetal thymus lines. This agent replicates to high titres. The virus exhibits a morphogenesis and morphology typical of lentiviruses. Immunoblotting and competitive radioimmunoassays failed to detect immunological crossreactivity with other representative lentiviruses and oncoviruses of the retrovirus family.
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PMID:Isolation and preliminary characterisation of a novel retrovirus isolated from a leukaemic dog. 137 29

Physicians analyzed December 1982-November 1989 data on 48 2-60 month old children with empyema thoracis at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital in southeastern Nigeria to determine the incidence and etiology of empyema thoracis in this region. The incidence rate stood at 2/1000 pediatric admissions. 3 children died (6.3%), all of heart failure. 47 children suffered from fever, cough, and breathlessness, the symptoms for pneumonia. Even though bronchopneumonia is a common complication of measles which occurs frequently in Calabar, only 3 children (6.25%) also had measles. The most frequent complication of this accumulation of pus in the thoracic cavity was congestive heart failure (16 cases). 47 patients suffered from anemia (hemoglobin levels 11 gm/dl). Hemoglobin levels of 54% of all patients decreased over time to 8 gm/dl. In fact, 2 children had hemoglobin levels of 4.4 gm/dl and they experienced cardiac failure. Laboratory personnel were only able to examine pleural aspirates from 37 patients. They did not detect any organisms in 27% of these aspirates. This may have been due to parent's widespread practice of giving medication to all the children before coming to the hospital. 45.9% of the aspirates only grew Staphylococcus aureus while another 8.1% grew it and other pathogens. About 90% of the pathogens were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin and almost 90% were sensitive to cloxacillin, gentamicin, and erythromycin. Cloxacillin was very expensive and parenteral erythromycin was unavailable. Nevertheless the pediatricians used parenteral gentamicin and cloxacillin. The parents were responsible for buying the antibiotics which tended to be costly. All the patients required emergency closed tube thoracostomy drainage within 24 hours of admission. 83.3% remained in the hospital for 2 weeks and 33.3% for 1 month. Despite the rarity of empyema, long hospitalization and expensive drugs make it an important disease in Calabar.
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PMID:Clinical and bacteriological study on childhood empyema in south eastern Nigeria. 150 92

An analysis of 100 cases (43 males and 57 females) with confirmed megaloblastic anaemia is presented. The age distribution showed two peaks with 18% in the third and fourth decades and 25% in the seventh decade. Anaemia of moderate to severe degree occurred in all patients and accounted for the commonest triad of symptoms at presentation viz: weakness (73%); breathlessness (40%) and headaches (33%). Macrocytosis or macroovalocytosis and neutrophil hyper-lobulation were found in all cases; MCV greater than 100fl in 84%; pancytopenia in 47%; and megaloblastic haematopoiesis found in all patients varied from moderate to gross in severity. Thus, the finding of macrocytic anaemia with a high MCV particularly in excess of 100fl, neutrophil hypersegmentation, and characteristic megaloblastic changes in the bone marrow should dictate further appropriate investigations to help in establishing the specific diagnosis if appropriate therapeutic intervention is to be ultimately instituted.
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PMID:Megaloblastic anaemia in Zimbabwe: spectrum of clinical and haematological manifestations. 150 93

1. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of levofloxacin (LVFX, DR-3355), ofloxacin (OFLX), tosufloxacin (TFLX), norfloxacin (NFLX) were determined, with an inoculum size of 10(6) cfu/ml, against 122 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from lesions of skin infections. LVFX showed most frequent MIC values of 0.20 micrograms/ml. OFLX, TFLX, and NFLX showed most frequent MIC values of 0.39 micrograms/ml, less than or equal to 0.05 micrograms/ml and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. 2. Serum and skin levels of LVFX after oral administration (10 mg/kg, fasting) were determined in rats. Serum levels were 1.79, 1.29, 0.60, 0.43 and 0.18 micrograms/ml, and corresponding skin levels were 1.63, 1.77, 1.04, 0.87 and 0.64 micrograms/g (wet weight) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours after administration (n = 5), respectively. 3. LVFX was used clinically in 43 cases at doses of 200-300 mg divided into 2 or 3 doses, and evaluated for final overall clinical efficacy in 41 cases. Cure was observed in 21 cases, remarkable improvement in 13 cases, improvement in 4 cases, unchanged in 1 case, aggravation in 1 case, and remarkable aggravation in 1 case. Diarrhea was observed in 2 cases, diffuse erythema with feverishness in 1 case and slight dyspnea in 1 case. Transient slight eosinophilia, elevation of Al-P, anemia and leukopenia were observed.
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PMID:[Levofloxacin in the field of dermatology]. 151 44

The clinical features of congestive heart failure in the elderly were investigated in 104 patients (57 males, 47 females, mean age of 79.2). Patients were divided into two subgroups, the readmission group, 33 patients who were readmitted within 6 months after discharge, and the non-readmission group. Chief complaints were dyspnea, edema, chest pain, loss of appetite, chest compression, and palpitation. Heart failure was caused by infection, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, inappropriate drug usage including poor drug compliance, the use of beta-blockers, excessive intake of sodium, and anemia. Careful use of drug was essential especially in the readmission group. Major underlying heart disease were ischemic heart disease (39.4%), valvular disease (26.9%), hypertensive heart disease (9.6%), with cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease seen in the minority. There was no statistically significant difference in underlying heart diseases between the two groups. Supraventricular arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillations, paroxysmal atrial fibrillations, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias, and premature atrial contractions were noted in 85.3% of the cases. Drugs for treatment were diuretics, digitalis, isosorbide dinitrate, calcium antagonists. ACE inhibitors and alpha-blockers were also used, showing that vasodilators were more extensively used than before. The major complications were hypertension (39.4%), renal dysfunction (27.9%), cerebrovascular disease (26.9%), diabetes mellitus (16.5%), arteriosclerosis obliterans (7.7%). Renal dysfunction, arteriosclerosis obliterans was seen significantly more frequently in the readmission group. The prognosis at one year after admission was significantly worse in the readmission group. In summary, the major underlying diseases were ischemic heart disease, valvular disease, and hypertensive heart disease. Ischemic heart disease was seen more frequently than in previous investigations at our hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Congestive heart failure in elderly readmitted patients]. 152 7

Ventral edema, dyspnea, fever, tachycardia, bloat and muffled heart sounds were identified in a 3-year-old heifer. Attempts to relieve the bloat by passing an orogastric tube were unsuccessful. The heifer was bovine leukemia virus-negative by the agar gel immunodiffusion test, and had normocytic, normochromic anemia, mature neutrophilia, and hyperproteinemia. Pleural effusion was identified by thoracic ultrasonography. Cytologic examination of pleural fluid revealed an increased number of atypical lymphocytes. The heifer died, and at necropsy, thymic and metastatic mammary lymphosarcoma was confirmed.
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PMID:Thymic and mammary lymphosarcoma in a three-year-old heifer. 156 14

A previously healthy 16-year-old girl complaining of fever, hemosputum, chest pain and dyspnea was hospitalized. On admission, physical examination revealed mental confusion, holosystolic heart murmur, and swelling of the left foot. Laboratory investigations showed anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, activation of inflammatory reactions, prolongation of PT and APTT, and hypoxia. Antinuclear antibody test was negative. There were no other findings suggestive of collagen diseases such as SLE. Chest X-ray showed consolidation in the left lower lung field and pleural effusion. Echocardiography disclosed a mass lesion in the left atrium in contact with the mitral valve, and mitral regurgitation. No findings indicative of an infectious etiology were present. The patient rapidly improved with high dose corticosteroid and anticoagulant therapy. A venogram of the lower extremity disclosed deep venous thrombosis. A lung ventilation-perfusion scan revealed multiple pulmonary thromboemboli. Elevation of anticardiolipin antibody was noted. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome was made. Further administration of steroid and anticoagulant resulted in decrease of the titer of anticardiolipin antibody. This is the second report of primary antiphospholipid syndrome in Japan. The clinical significance of this disease is also discussed.
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PMID:[A case of primary antiphospholipid syndrome with fever, pulmonary thromboembolism and endocardial lesion]. 162 84

A total of 16 patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with sulofenur (LY 186641), a novel oral sulfonylurea. All subjects had received previous chemotherapy. Anaemia occurred in all 16 patients, 14 of whom required a blood transfusion, and 2/16 patients received methylene blue for breathlessness due to methaemaglobinaemia. Treatment was discontinued in 2/16 cases due to rising liver enzyme values, which reverted to normal on cessation of the drug. There was no nausea or alopecia. Only two minor responses were seen. Plasma drug levels were insufficient to result in antitumour activity as extrapolated from animal data. Further studies that attempt to increase the bioavailability and improve the therapeutic index are warranted.
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PMID:A phase II study of sulofenur, a novel sulfonylurea, in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. 162 77


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