Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reports of forty-six cases of aseptic polyarthritis following intestinal Salmonlla infections have been published. The organism involved is always a "minor" Salmonella either typhimurium or enteritidis. The interval separating the diarrhoea from the joint manifestations is usually one or two weeks. Post-salmonellosis rheumatism is most frequently polyarthritis involving the large joints accompanied by fever that is sometimes high. The sedimentation rate is increased and hyperleucytosis and discrete anaemia may also be present. Salmonella infection is established by the presence of the organism in the stools and a positive sero-diagnosis. In all cases the polyarthritis is cured by anti-inflammatory treatment in 1-6 months. HLA W27 antigen is present in the majority of the patients although spondylarthritis is not seen during the evolution. Although the number of cases of post-salmonellosis rheumatism is very small and the connection between the salmonellosis and the rheumatism has not been demonstrated, it is valuable, in cases of acute polyarthritis following enteritis, to carry out coproculture and serodiagnosis of salmonellosis.
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PMID:[Post-salmonellosis rheumatism]. 79 May 32

Infantile transmural ulcerative enteritis is a disorder of early infancy characterized by feeding difficulties, intermittent and progressive diarrhea, cachexia, anemia, abdominal distention, and small-bowel dilation which may progress to intestinal obstruction. The pathologic process, of unknown etiology, involves a transmural enteritis with deep undermining mucosal ulceration, not unlike that seen in Crohn's disease, except that granulomas are usually not present. The early stages of the diseases may be reversible if the bowel is simply placed at rest by use of intravenous nutrition. In the later stages of the illness, there is progressive mechanical and functional intestinal obstruction due to inflammatory constriction of the distal small bowel and lack of effective peristalsis through the inflammed segments. The terminal stages are characterized by marked abdominal distention, complete obstruction, septicemia, and death. It is during the period of abdominal distention due to progressive intestinal obstruction that surgical intervention is of benefit. A cutaneous enterostomy proximal to the involved segments of small intestine serves to decompress the bowel, to minimize bacteremia, and to allow the distal inflamed intestine to heal. Total intravenous nutrition is mandatory for a period of several weeks until there is healing of the distal small bowel and closure of the enterostomy. In all surviving infants, bowel function has returned to normal and there have been no long-term sequelae or recurrences.
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PMID:Surgical management of infantile ulcerative enteritis. 80 75

Twenty-seven dogs with lead poisoning were admitted to the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Hospital from July, 1963, to April, 1975. The major source of the lead was paint. A common history was ingestion of plaster or paint scrapings during room renovation. Most of the dogs were less than 1 year old and had clinical signs referable to the gastrointestinal or the nervous system, or both. The gastrointestinal signs, in order of frequency, were vomiting, anorexia, tender abdomen, diarrhea, and constipation. The neurologic signs, in order of frequency, were hysteria, convulsions, ataxia, blindness, and mydriasis. The finding of many nucleated erythrocytes without severe anemia was nearly pathognomonic for lead poisoning. Of 14 affected dogs subjected to abdominal radiography, 9 had evidence of ingested radiopaque material. A mean blood lead concentration of 18.8 mug/100 ml, with a range of 0 to 50 mug/100 ml, was found for 26 dogs that were hospitalized for problems unrelated to lead poisoning. Of the 27 dogs with lead poisoning, 22 had their blood analyzed for lead. This group had blood lead values ranging from 40 to 530 mug/100 ml. Seven of the affected dogs were monitored throughout their period of treatment with calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The concentration of lead in the blood decreased quickly after the initiation of treatment but leveled off after 2 or 3 days. The initial rapid phase probably corresponded to the removal of weakly bound or extracellular lead, whereas the slow phase probably corresponded to strongly bound or intracellular lead.
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PMID:Lead poisoning in dogs at the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Hospital. 81 31

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of total parenteral hyperalimentation in a lactant, 4 months old patient with ulcerative colitis. At admission the lactant had diarrhea, dehydratation, anemia, malnutrition, and edema in the ankles. Proctoscopy and barium enema, and rectal biopsy were typical of ulcerative colities. Treatment included steroids and azulfidine. Evolution was poor and signs of perforation appeared. Total intravenous hyperalimentation was used and after one month the diarrhea disappeared and the patient gained weight. Ulcerative colitis is rare in lactants and usually appeares a chronic diarrhea. The diagnosis should be based on radiology, endoscopy, and biopsy. Parenteral hyperalimentation is the only treatment that permits to keep the colon at total rest while simultaneously maintaining nutrition.
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PMID:[Ulcertive colitis: clinical picture and treatment with total parenteral nutrition in a newborn]. 82 75

Five cases of malignant duodenocolic fistula seen at the Massachusetts General Hospital in the past thirty years are reviewed. Rarely encountered, these lesions are characterized by diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, anemia, and sometimes feculent vomiting. Barium enemas are more likely to demonstrate the fistula tract than upper gastrointestinal series. Nutritional deficiencies may be profound, and the use of preoperative hyperalimentation is encouraged. Operations that accomplish only bypass of the fistula are of minimal palliative value, and the fistula should be divided or resected if possible. When feasible, wide resection is the procedure of choice, and a fourteen year survival is reported after this operation.
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PMID:Malignant duodenocolic fistulas. 86 13

A girl with the syndrome of thrombocytopenia with absent radius had severe diarrhoea and dehydration relieved by withdrawal of cows' milk and aggravated by its reintroduction on three occasions. Deterioration in gastrointestinal symptoms was associated with haematological relapse with thrombocytopenia, leucocytosis, anaemia, and eosinophilia. There appeared to be a correlation between milk exposure and the haematological and gastrointestinal disturbances. Supporting evidence from published reports for such a correlation is reviewed. Cows' milk protein intolerance may be a factor in precipitating haematological relapse in susceptible infants with radius aplasia. Early withdrawal of cow's milk protein should be tried in thrombocytopenia with absent radius, especially in cases with prominent gastrointestinal upset.
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PMID:Cows' milk allergy in the syndrome of thrombocytopenia with absent radius. 94 52

Failing kidneys can play havoc with other parts of the body. Specific treatment of these associated problems may help ward off uremia and preserve whatever renal function remains. Sodium levels may drop if too much water is mistakenly given to counteract kidney failure. Hyperkalemia can lead to cardiac arrest if potassium levels aren't reduced without delay. Acidosis also may reach life-threatening proportions, especially if diarrhea occurs. Almost all patients with chronic renal failure have a bleeding tendency and anemia, with the hematocrit dipping as low as 20 percent. Over half have decreased tolerance to carbohydrares, although severe hyperglycemia is rare. Disorders of calcium metabolism also are common, ranging from asymptomatic hypocalcemia to osteomalacia. The kidneys' impaired filtration ability should be kept in mind when drugs are prescribed. Dosages may need to be cut to avoid an adverse reaction.
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PMID:Conservative management of chronic renal failure. 95 17

Deficiency of intestinal enterokinase results in failure to thrive, diarrhoea, anaemia, hypoproteinaemia and oedema. A case arising in the neonatal period is described, in which several of the characteristic features were lacking. Difficulties encountered in the diagnosis and methods of assay are discussed.
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PMID:Intestinal enterokinase deficiency. 96 14

Visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed in a 2-year-old male Great Dane imported from Greece. The clinical signs included anemia, diarrhea, weight loss, proteinuria, and hyperglobulinemia with increases in alpha2- and gamma-regions. At necropsy there was plasma-lymphocytic and macrophage infiltration of spleen, macrophage infiltration of bone marrow, intracellular organisms of macrophages having the ultrastructural characteristics of Leishmania species, and severe amyloidosis of the spleen, liver, and kidney.
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PMID:Canine leishmaniasis with amyloidosis. 98 52

Molybdenum toxicity and the interactions between copper, molybdenum and sulphate are reviewed. The main signs of molybdenum poisoning are poor growth and anaemia (rat, chick, rabbit, cattle and sheep), anorexia (rat), diarrhoea and achromotrichia (cattle and sheep), joint and bone deformities (rat, rabbit, cattle), central nervous system degeneration and loss of crimp in wool (sheep). The following topics are discussed: (1) The effect of sulphate and sulphur compounds on molybdenum toxicity. (2) The effect of molybdenum on tissue copper levels. (3) The effect of molybdenum on the distribution of copper in plasma. (4) The effect of molybdenum on uptake and excretion of copper. (5) The possible existence of copper(II) molybdate in vivo. (6) The influence of molybdenum on sulphide production by ruminal micro-organisms. (7) Competition between molybdenum and sulphate in intestinal transport. (8) Interaction of sulphur with copper in vivo. (9) The possible involvement of molybdenum in gout and multiple sclerosis in humans.
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PMID:Molybdenum toxicity: interactions between copper, molybdenum and sulphate. 100 22


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