Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A variety of side effects have been reported with the use of interleukin-2 alone or in combination with lymphokine-activated killer cells in patients with disseminated neoplasms. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of high-dose interleukin-2 administration in normal rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with intravenous recombinant interleukin-2 (900,000 IU/kg/day) for 9 consecutive days. Animals were placed in individual metabolic cages, and arterial blood pressure, food intake, body weight, and urine output were monitored. On day 10, animals were killed by exsanguination, various tissues were harvested, and a variety of hematologic and chemical assays were performed. The results were compared with those of placebo-injected normal control and pair-fed groups. The interleukin-2-treated group exhibited anorexia, weight loss, hypotension, anemia, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, eosinophilia, hypercalcemia, azotemia, and a marked urinary concentration defect. Histologic examination of various tissues revealed widespread infiltration with mono-nuclear cells and eosinophils in most organs, especially in the lungs and liver of interleukin-2-treated animals. Other abnormalities included severe panlobular hepatitis, hepatocellular necrosis, and thymic involution. Renal involvement was mild and consisted of focal interstitial infiltration by mononuclear cells. According to these observations, administration of high-dose interleukin-2 in normal rats results in a score of significant functional, biochemical, and histologic abnormalities.
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PMID:Functional, biochemical, and histopathologic consequences of high-dose interleukin-2 administration in rats. 206 48

The total gastrectomy, as known can expose to some sequences which form on a pathophysiologic and clinic plain syndrome of "AGASTRIC". The most paradigmatic of these disturbances are the weight loss, the pain, the dyspepsia, the anorexia, can be erroneously interpreted as a recurrence of the neoplasm illness. On the base of these disturbances, there are some pathophysiological alterations associated to the resection. The postprandial distension syndrome, the dumping, the diarrhea, the anemia, can be relieved by an appropriated hygienic-diet therapy. The reflux of biliopancreatic secretion into the esophagus, the disturbances related to the duodenal exclusion, the accelerated transit can be loosed or reduced by a correct technic, while the cloridopeptic deficiency is obviously unresolvable. From 1981 till 1988, 43 patients were submitted to a total gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma (29 M, 14 F), having a middle age of 62 years: 30 with a radical intent (Ro), and 13 palliative. Besides 10 of the Ro group were submitted to a enlarged intervention. The digestive continuity was renewed through an interposition of isoperistaltic jejunal loop according Mouchet-Camey in 23 cases, by use of a dysfunctional loop according Roux en-Y in 5, and by esophagus-jejunal T-L anastomosis such omega, according Horloff in 2 cases. There were registered one decrease for A.R.D.S. All the patients were been followed according the follow-up protocol, for monitoring neoplasm evolution of the illness and the eventual metabolic-functional disturbances. In the periodic postoperative control all the patients with Mouchet-Camey reconstruction had no evidenced dumping syndrome, neither cases of malabsorption of the essential nutritive principles, with constant recover of the weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Digestive continuity, after total gastrectomy for cancer, via the interposition of a jejunal loop]. 208 78

In this study we examined the clinical and laboratory findings of 80 in-patients. There is an important difference between sexes (p greater than 0.05). Comparison of ages showed that 7-30 age is more vulnerable than the older group. We found clinical symptoms of fever, chills, headache, abdominal pain, disturbances in bowel function, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and lassitude in the first two weeks more frequently when compared with the 3rd, 4th, 5th weeks of illness (p less than 0.001). Where physical finding of rose spots, discordant pulse rate are important in the first two weeks (p less than 0.001). Abdominal discomfort is an important symptom both in the first two and in the last three weeks (% 40.3 and % 36 respectively). Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, were found more frequently in the last three weeks. According to laboratory findings of anemia, leukopenia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and positive blood and feces cultures there is no important difference between the first two and last three weeks (p greater than 0.05). Increase in polynuclear leucocytes is important for the first two weeks, and increase in lymphocytes is important in the last three weeks (p less than 0.001). Positivity of group agglutination tests is 57%, in the first two weeks and 83% in the last three weeks. This difference is found to be important.
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PMID:[Comparison of symptoms and clinical and laboratory findings in the first and last weeks of typhoid fever]. 208 33

Various types of partial mandibulectomy and maxillectomy techniques can be performed to control local tumor growth, but various intraoperative and postoperative problems and complications are associated with these techniques. Intraoperative complications relate mainly to technical problems. Postoperative complications include incisional dehiscence, infection, injury to salivary ducts, subcutaneous emphysema, mandibular instability, abnormal salivation with secondary cheilitis or dermatitis, anemia, pain and discomfort, lingual dysfunction and prehension difficulties, anorexia, ocular problems, cosmetic defects, local tumor recurrence, and distant metastatic disease. The surgeon should be aware of these potential complications and have a clear understanding of their prevention and treatment.
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PMID:Results and complications associated with partial mandibulectomy and maxillectomy techniques. 213 89

A Phase Ia clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate and compare murine monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and KS1/4-methotrexate immunoconjugate in patients with Stage IIIB or IV non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Six patients received KS1/4 alone and five patients received KS1/4-methotrexate conjugate. The maximal total dose received per patient in both groups was 1661 mg. Mild to moderate side effects in both groups included fever, chills, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, and brief transaminasemia. One patient who received antibody alone had an apparent acute immune complex-mediated reaction. Ten of 11 patients had a human anti-mouse response. Posttreatment carcinoma biopsies revealed binding of monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and deposition of C3d and C4c complement fragments. Monoclonal antibody binding and complement deposition correlated with increasing doses of infused antibody. There was one possible clinical response.
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PMID:Phase I clinical comparative study of monoclonal antibody KS1/4 and KS1/4-methotrexate immunconjugate in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. 216 55

Of 467 cat serums tested for antibody to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) 120 (26%) were positive. The average age of positive cats was 7.5 years (range 1 to 16 years), and 67% were male. Of 110 serums collected in 1980, 27 (24.5%) were positive. A wide variety of clinical signs including oral cavity disease, anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, depression, fever, respiratory and urinary tract disease, conjunctivitis, abscesses, anaemia and lymphadenopathy were observed in the cats with serum antibody. There was often a history of chronic disease or recurrence of particular or various clinical signs in these cats. FIV was isolated from 4 of 8 FIV antibody positive cats by cocultivation of patient lymphocytes with donor lymphocytes in the presence of interleukin 2.
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PMID:Feline immunodeficiency virus: prevalence, disease associations and isolation. 216 64

Immunotherapy with interleukin (IL)-2 possesses great potential in the treatment of immune-mediated diseases and cancers. However, only a few reports on a small number of children have appeared in the literature. From March 1988 to March 1989, 11 children and adolescents were treated with IL-2. They included 1 patient with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 with hepatoblastoma, 6 with childhood atopic dermatitis, and 3 with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The dosages ranged from 10,000 to 50,000 U/kg every 8 hours by intravenous drip. The following side effects were observed: anorexia, fever, and chillness (100%), general malaise (82%), irritability (64%), diarrhea (100%), nausea and vomiting (73%), weight gain (82%), edema (82%), abdominal distension (73%), oliguria (82%), cough (91%), dyspnea (27%), pleural effusion (40%), hypotension (82%), skin eruption (82%), oral ulcer (18%), enlarged liver (73%) liver function abnormalities (82%), renal function impairment (36%), electrolyte imbalance (73%), anemia (91%), thrombocytopenia (54%), leukopenia (18%), and eosinophilia (73%). Immunologically, numbers of natural killer cells were increased and natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell activities were augmented after IL-2 treatment. There was a tendency for serum levels of IL-2 and receptor IL-2 to decrease, especially in patients with atopic eczema. Ten patients (91%) completed one course (9 to 12 days) of therapy, and the remaining patient interrupted the treatment because of intolerable adverse effects. Clinically, complete remission for 3 months was obtained in 1 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patient, transient improvement (2 to 6 weeks) in all atopic dermatitis patients, minor response in the hepatoblastoma patient, and no response in the patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Interleukin-2 immunotherapy in children. 217 36

Ehrlichiae are one of several kinds of obligate intracellular bacteria. Taxonomically, they are grouped with rickettsiae, but they can be distinguished by their unique tropism for circulating leukocytes. Ehrlichia canis causes a pancytopenia in dogs that becomes chronic if untreated. Certain breeds develop severe infections, characterized by fever, anorexia, dramatic weight loss, marked pancytopenia, anemia, peripheral edema, and hemorrhage. Ehrlichia risticii, a recently discovered species, is the cause of a serious diarrheal disease of horses. Other species of ehrlichiae have been documented as being veterinary pathogens. Recent data indicate that E. canis or a closely related species causes an acute febrile illness in humans. Clinically, the disease is similar to Rocky Mountain spotted fever, except that most patients do not have a rash. Human ehrlichiosis appears to be tickborne and is prevalent primarily in the southern Atlantic and south-central states. A mild from of ehrlichiosis has also been documented.
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PMID:Ehrlichiosis--a disease of animals and humans. 218 Oct 27

Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is a macrophage-secreted cytokine initially found to be a lipoprotein lipase-suppressing serum factor in cachectic, parasite-infected animals. Cloning of the cDNA encoding the gene for cachectin enabled biosynthesis of recombinant human cachectin and proof that the protein is identical to TNF-alpha. Numerous biological activities have subsequently been attributed to this pluripotent cytokine. In addition to suppressing LPL, cachectin/TNF mediates decreased lipogenic enzyme synthesis in adipocytes, causing a state of "cellular cachexia" in vitro. Similarly, catabolic cellular energy responses are induced by cachectin/TNF in cultured skeletal muscle cells which exhibit accelerated glycogenolysis, enhanced lactate production, and increased expression of hexose transporters. Persistent cachectin/TNF production occurs in chronic infection and malignancy, and chronic exposure induces a cachexia syndrome characterized by anorexia, weight loss, and anemia. Acute systemic appearance of cachectin/TNF is capable of inducing a state of lethal shock, disseminated hemorrhagic necrosis, catabolic hormone release, and multiple organ injury. Inhibiting the toxic effects of cachectin/TNF with monoclonal anti-cachectin antibodies during overwhelming Gram-negative bacteremia confers protection against septic shock. In these studies, the unprotected controls succumbed within hours, but baboons immunized against cachectin/TNF did not develop the characteristic increases of IL-1, IL-6, or catabolic stress hormones and did not die, suggesting that cachectin/TNF is a pivotal, proximal factor in the humoral cascade mediating septic shock syndrome. Recent evidence indicates that when produced in lesser quantities, cachectin/TNF may participate in the degradative and reparative mechanisms of physiological tissue remodelling and homeostasis. Future studies of the immunological and metabolic effects of cachectin/TNF should lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of infection and inflammation.
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PMID:Metabolic responses to cachectin/TNF. A brief review. 219 78

Experimental and spontaneous infections with Corynebacterium suis in sows were investigated. In early stages animals show no clinical disorders or only for a short time. However, there are already marked changes in urinary samples (hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyturia, gross alterations). Using an endoscope mucosal irritations can be seen mainly on the floor of the bladders. In chronic cases alterations in urine are more pronounced. If a pyelonephritis is present in addition to the cystitis, general signs of illness are evident including anorexia, emaciation, anemia, subnormal body temperature and abortions. Bladders demonstrate an erosive and ulcerative, hemorrhagic cystitis on the whole mucosal surface. Uremia appears only in late stages of the disease.
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PMID:[Corynebacterium suis infection in swine. 1. Clinical diagnosis with special consideration of urine studies and cystoscopy]. 221 5


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