Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a 64 year old man with dyspnea and palpitation and fatigue and non angina chest pain, we found all the Para clinics prefect but only it showed low HDL and a normocytic, normochromic anemia. In searching about cause of anemia, in bone marrow biopsy showed Paraproteinemia. Therefore false low HDL because of paraproteinemia, leads to miss-diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.
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PMID:A 64 years old man with multiple myeloma and low HDL. 1881 62

Agina pectoris is a discomfort in the chest or adjacent areas caused by myocardial ischemia. It is most commonly caused by the inability of narrowed atherosclerotic coronary arteries to supply adequate oxygen to the heart under conditions of increase demand. This review article will focus in the medical treatment of chronic stable angina, with a focus in new strategies or medications. Treatment by revascularization techniques will not be discussed in this article. The goal of treatment is to improve quality of life, decrease cardiovascular events and mortality. All patients should be evaluated for reversible causes of their angina, such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, sympathomimetic drugs and hypertension. Sublingual nitroglycerin should be used for immediate relief of symptoms. In general, all patients should be on aspirin (ASA) unless they are allergic or other contraindications, if so; clopidogrel should be added to the therapy. In addition to the antiplatelet therapy, which decreases mortality, patients should be started on beta blockers and nitrates. If there is no improvement in symptoms then a calcium channel blockers of the dihydropyridine family should be added. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction should be also started on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. If the patient continues with limiting angina, ranolazine should be started and finally enhanced external counterpulsation should be considered in those patients who have not responded to maximal drug therapy.
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PMID:Management of chronic stable angina pectoris. 1940 May 28

The aim of this retrospective study of patients with tongue pain who showed no improvement after initial treatment and examination was to find out if their lack of response correlated with serum concentrations of zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and copper, and if it was associated with coexisting systemic diseases. We studied 311 patients for whom we had data about serum concentrations of these elements, and recorded whether they had any systemic diseases and were taking medicines regularly. One patient (0.3%) had a copper concentration outside the reference range; 2 patients (0.6%) had folic acid concentrations outside the reference range. The corresponding number for vitamin B12 was 5 (2%), and for zinc 30 (10%). The systemic diseases with the highest rates were: hyperlipidaemia (n=53, 17%), gastritis or gastric ulcer (n=51, 16%), angina pectoris (n=39, 13%), diabetes mellitus (n=31, 10%), thyroid disease (n=31, 10%), mild mental disorder (n=27, 9%), hypertension (n=18, 6%), cerebral infarction (n=17, 6%), leiomyoma (n=15, 5%) and anaemia (n=15, 5%). Roughly 10% of the patients were deficient in zinc. This study suggested that the serum concentration of zinc was most important to the patients with tongue pain. Many patients had more than one systemic condition, and all were taking various drugs.
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PMID:Clinical study of tongue pain: Serum zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and copper concentrations, and systemic disease. 1973 64

The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of arterial vascular events in a multiethnic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort. The PROFILE cohort, comprised SLE patients (n = 1333) of defined ethnicity from five different US institutions, was studied to determine demographic, clinical and biological variables associated with vascular events. An arterial vascular event (first episode) was either a myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and/or a vascular procedure for myocardial infarction, stroke, claudication and/or evidence of gangrene. Patient characteristics were analyzed by univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. One-hundred twenty-three (9.8%) patients had at least one incident arterial event. Age at cohort enrollment (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.06), smoking (HR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.40-3.46) and the CRP2* C alleles (HR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.04-3.49) were associated with a shorter time-to-the occurrence of arterial vascular events. Some clinical manifestations of disease activity were associated with a shorter time-to-occurrence [psychosis (HR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.10-4.44), seizures (HR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.00-3.24) and anaemia (HR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.02-3.31)], but others were not [arthritis (HR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.18-0.58)]. In conclusion, older patients, especially in the context of a predisposing environmental factor (smoking) and severe clinical manifestations, are at higher risk of having arterial vascular events. The genetic contribution of the variation at the CRP locus was not obscured by demographic or clinical variables. Awareness of these factors should lead to more effective management strategies of patients at risk for arterial vascular events.
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PMID:Factors associated with arterial vascular events in PROFILE: a Multiethnic Lupus Cohort. 1976 96

The term "leukopenic myelosis" is used to describe a type of "myeloblastic leukaemia" in which the leukocyte content of the peripheral blood is subnormal for the whole or the greater part of the course of the disease. Separation from the frankly leukaemic cases is made only on the grounds of clinico-haematological convenience.Twenty-two cases have been seen in the past four years. The age-incidence varied from 3-73 years; 10 were in males and 12 in females. Acute, subacute, and chronic types may be recognized. In all the main characteristic is a progressive anaemia; in acute cases haemorrhagic phenomena and necrotic angina are common.The blood-count is characterized by orthochromic or hyperchromic anaemia, sometimes with reticulocytosis and erythroblastosis. Leukopenia may persist throughout the course, or a terminal leukaemia may occur-especially in the chronic cases. The features of the differential count are the presence of myeloblasts-although the percentage may be below 5%-and the hiatus leukaemicus. Thrombocytopenia usually means a rapid course.This clinico-haematological picture may be mimicked more or less closely by pernicious anaemia, aplastic anaemia, agranulocytosis, and the leuko-erythroblastic anaemias. The sternal puncture findings are, however, diagnostic, and show a great preponderance of primitive myeloid cells, most frequently with a predomincnce of myeloblasts. In two cases evidence was found that the erythropoietic tissues shared in the hyperplasia.
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PMID:Leukopenic Myelosis: (Section of Medicine). 1999 28

To date, all major clinical trials for anemia correction using erythrocyte stimulating agents (ESAs) failed to show improved outcomes for cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and vascular thrombosis. Even moderate elevations in hemoglobin (e.g., to 13 g/dL) using erythropoietin have been associated with significantly increased risk of thrombotic cardiovascular events and heart failure. This review presents a biophysical rationale for increased risk of CVD among certain patients treated with ESAs and suggests a risk management approach based on blood viscosity. Whole blood viscosity is a key determinant of the work of the heart, and elevated blood viscosity appears to be both a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease and an important pathophysiological factor in the development of atherothrombosis. Blood donation has been shown to reduce viscosity. Reflecting these findings, studies in male blood donors and in women of premenopausal age with regular menstruation have shown reduced incidence of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, and the requirement for procedures such as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft compared with non-donors and postmenopausal women, respectively. We propose that blood viscosity monitoring should be considered as part of a cardiovascular risk assessment, whenever an increased cardiovascular risk is detected and particularly in the context of anemia correction.
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PMID:Cardiovascular risks of anemia correction with erythrocyte stimulating agents: should blood viscosity be monitored for risk assessment? 2051 13

Anaemia in pregnancy defined as haemoglobin (Hb) level of < 10 gm/dL, is a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of Hb or red blood cells in circulation resulting in reduced oxygen (O2)- carrying capacity of the blood. Compensatory mechanisms in the form of increase in cardiac output (CO), PaO(2), 2,3 diphosphoglycerate levels, rightward shift in the oxygen dissociation curve (ODC), decrease in blood viscosity and release of renal erythropoietin, get activated to variable degrees to maintain tissue oxygenation and offset the decreases in arterial O(2) content. Parturients with concomitant medical diseases or those with acute ongoing blood losses may get decompensated, leading to serious consequences like right heart failure, angina or tissue hypoxemia in severe anaemia. Preoperative evaluation is aimed at assessing the severity and cause of anaemia. The concept of an acceptable Hb level varies with the underlying medical condition, extent of physiological compensation, the threat of bleeding and ongoing blood losses. The main anaesthetic considerations are to minimize factors interfering with O(2) delivery, prevent any increase in oxygen consumption and to optimize the partial pressure of O(2) in the arterial blood. Both general anaesthesia and regional anaesthesia can be employed judiciously. Monitoring should focus mainly on the adequacy of perfusion and oxygenation of vital organs. Hypoxia, hyperventilation, hypothermia, acidosis and other conditions that shift the ODC to left should be avoided. Any decrease in CO should be averted and aggressively treated.
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PMID:Anaemia and pregnancy: Anaesthetic implications. 2118 74

Ivabradine is a selective I(f) current inhibitor in the sinus node that decreases heart rate without negative inotropic effects. We report the case of an 88-year-old diabetic patient with arterial hypertension and peripheral arterial disease who experienced an antero-lateral non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction following post-surgical anemia. After admission, the patient complained of anginal pain at rest with ischemic alterations of ST-T at the ECG and mild increase in troponin T levels. According to the clinical status, the association of ivabradine with beta-blockers was started. The addition of ivabradine reduced heart rate, improved symptoms (CCS class I-II) without modifying the main hemodynamic (non-invasively measured cardiac output, stroke volume and cardiac index) and echocardiographic parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction and aortic transvalvular gradients). In conclusion, the antianginal effect of ivabradine seems to be sure in very old ischemic patients with aortic stenosis.
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PMID:[Antianginal efficacy of ivabradine in a very old patient with aortic stenosis: effects on cardiac output and transvalvular aortic gradients]. 2134 87

We studied the influence of correction of iron metabolism and erythron characteristics to normal values in latent iron-deficiency states and mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA) with a hemoglobin level of 130-110 g/l on clinical manifestations of the concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD). The patients were 71 men aged 51.5 +/- 1.1 yr; the control group was comprised 18 age-matched healthy men. CHD and anemia were diagnosed as recommended by RSSC and WHO respectively. Clinical manifestations of both pathologies were compared before and after correction of iron metabolism and erythron characteristics using Sorbifer Durules (Egis, Hungary) in combination with pharmacotherapy ofcardiovascular disorders. Characteristics of iron metabolism and erythron were determined using a Stet Fax 3300 analizer and Vital reagent kits. Sorbifer (200 mg Fe) was given daily for 3 weeks with relevant dietary recommendations. All patients with latent iron-deficiency showed normalization of iron metabolism and those with IDA of both iron metabolism and erythron. In CHD patients, these effects were accompanied by a decrease in the frequency, duration, and intensity of angina, reduced requirement of nitroglycerin, increased tolerance of physical exercises. Also, the severity of co-morbid clinical manifestations (oedema, dyspnoea, palpitation) and heart rate decreased.
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PMID:[The influence of correction of iron metabolism and erythron characteristics in mild iron deficiency states on clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease]. 2256 39

Ischaemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity and one of the primary causes of morbidity in Spain. The variability in the clinical presentation of this condition at both primary care and emergency services level requires a careful history and a thorough physical examination. In the case presented, the main symptoms of angina and dyspnea reported in the anamnesis, and the obvious pallor in the physical examination, were the key data to identify anaemia as a cause of angina.
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PMID:[Anaemia as a cause of haemodynamic angina in a patient with chronic ischaemic heart disease]. 2374 2


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