Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty chronic hemodialysis patients with renal anemia (hematocrit < 25%) received recombinant human erythropoietin (40 IU/kg body weight 3 x weekly) intravenously after each dialysis. Prior to and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after commencement of erythropoietin therapy, hematocrit together with hemostasis and microhemolysis parameters were determined. There were significant increases in hematocrit, platelet count and platelet retention, but a significant fall in the initial clearly prolonged bleeding time. Free plasma hemoglobin likewise increased. Conversely, lactate dehydrogenase, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III activity, protein C activity and protein S concentration were all unaltered. The positive effect on bleeding time and platelet retention is most probably caused by an increase in adenosine diphosphate due to the hematocrit-dependent rise in the blood shear stress via physiologic microhemolysis (raised free plasma hemoglobin).
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PMID:Influence of recombinant human erythropoietin on hematological and hemostatic parameters with special reference to microhemolysis. 777 78

This study was conducted to characterize better the response of rats to blood loss and hemolysis and to incorporate automated methods into the routine evaluations of those responses. Serial phlebotomies of 1.5-2.0 ml of blood per day for 5 days, or intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg kg(-1) phenylhydrazine (PHZ) for 3 days, were used to cause anemia associated with blood loss or hemolysis, respectively. Maximum decreases in red blood counts were observed on Day 3 in PHZ-treated animals (68%) and Day 4 in blood-loss animals (35%). In the routine complete blood count (CBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit/hemoglobin ratio and erythrocyte indices could be used to discriminate between the two treatments. Free plasma hemoglobin in PHZ-treated animals resulted in marked elevations of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) with a 2:1 hematocrit/hemoglobin ratio rather than the anticipated 3:1 ratio. Although both groups of animals had elevated white blood cell counts, PHZ-treated animals also had monocytosis and basophilia. Reticulocyte counts were more sensitive than erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations in predicting erythroid changes. Maximum mean reticulocyte values were ca. 24% in serially phlebotomized animals and >99% in PHZ-treated rats. Plasma EPO levels were 4-10-fold higher than EPO levels in urine, kidney or liver. Flow cytometric differentials of rat bone marrow using 2, 7-dichlorofluorescin successfully predicted erythroid hyperplasia in both experimental groups. Erythrocyte indices returned to normal within 14 days and the remaining CBC parameters were normal within 28 days for both treatment groups. Reticulocyte counts remained slightly elevated on Day 28, but were normal when assessed at Day 56 in blood-loss and PHZ-treated animals.
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PMID:Effects of phenylhydrazine or phlebotomy on peripheral blood, bone marrow and erythropoietin in Wistar rats. 1064 Oct 14