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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood volume was measured using 125iodinated human serum albumin in 27 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and in 7 children with various types of leukemia. Total blood volume was normal in patients without marked enlargement of spleen and liver, and increased progressively as spleen and liver size increased. The hypervolemia was entirely due to expansion of plasma volume. In the children with marked hepatosplenomegaly, only hematocrit (but not red cell mass) was below the normal range in most cases. Both hematocrit and red cell mass were subnormal in the majority of patients without considerably enlarged spleen and liver. Therefore, anemia in children with marked hepatosplenomegaly may be partly caused by hemodilution of red blood cells in expanded plasma volume.
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PMID:Blood volume of children with leukemia. 27 98

To better define the course of Crohn's disease, certain clinical, laboratory, and radiological features were studied prospectively in a representative group of 25 patients at intervals of up to 77 months. Eleven variables of potential use in assessing the course were analyzed for clinician preference, and the statistical relationship of one variable, the Crohn's disease activity index, to the other 10 was determined. Modest improvement was documented in three clinical variables, as well as in anemia, serum albumin, intestinal protein loss, and radiological extent of disease. Variables most frequently ranked high as reflections of the course of Crohn's disease were hematocrit and extent of disease, followed by body weight, stools per day, B12 absorption, serum albumin, and intestinal protein loss. The highest intervariable correlation was between improvement in protein loss and decrease in radiological extent (r = 0.75).
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PMID:A prospective study of the course of Crohn's disease. 45 13

Blood samples were collected monthly over a nine-month period from 19 high-producing Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Dry cows on the lowest (13 per cent) protein ration had the highest mean values for packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (RBC). Among the lactating cows, the group on the 13 per cent protein diet had the highest mean PCV, Hb and RBC values. Other constituents were not affected significantly by dietary protein levels. Packed cell volume, RBC, Hb, serum iron (SI), iron binding capacity (IBC) and serum albumin concentrations decreased early in lactation and rose to pre-lactation levels by mid-lactation. PCV and Hb concentrations remained low for periods up to four months. RBC count was lowest in the second month while albumin concentration was lowest in the first month and remained low up to the second month. IBC was lowest in the first month of lactation while SI concentrations were lowest in the third month. There were no significant variations in the activities of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). The 13 per cent protein ration had no anaemia-inducing effect on the cows.
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PMID:Effects of dietary protein and stage of lactation on the haematology and erythrocyte enzymes activities of high-producing dairy cattle. 47 89

One hundred and thirty admissions to Alice Springs Hospital of full-blood Aboriginal children with acute gastroenteritis during a six-months period in 1975-1976 were examined retrospectively. Sixty-two (48%) of the children were malnourished, including seven (5.4%) who were marasmic. An accelerated weight gain was demonstrated during the recovery phase, averaging 418% of that expected for age. Hypokalaemia occurred in 77 of 117 children (66%); it was severe (serum potassium levels being less than or equal to 2.5 mmol/l.) in 15 (13%), and did not correlate with dehydration as assessed by initial weight gain, or with nutritional status. Hyponatraemia occurred in 32 of 123 children (26%) and was severe (serum sodium levels being less than or equal to 130 mmol/l.) in 11 (9%). Hypoalbuminaemia (serum albumin levels below 35 g/l.) and anaemia (haemoglobin values below 10 g/100 ml) occurred in 15% and 22% respectively. Potential faecal pathogens were isolated during 80 of the 130 admissions (62%). Multiple pathogens were common. Interrelationships of nutrition, infection and immune response are discussed, and measures for reducing morbidity and mortality are outlined.
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PMID:Gastroenteritis in Alice Springs. 61 93

Biochemical investigations on iron deficiency and nutritional status were carried out in a group of 130 women in the second or third trimesters of pregnancy and in 42 control non-pregnant women. The important findings were: 1. Anaemia was present in 46.1% of pregnant women in comparison with 19% in non-pregnant women. It was found to be more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy. 2. Iron deficiency with and without anaemia, as judged from serum transferrin saturation (%) was evident in 59.2% of pregnant women with an incidence of 70.3% in the third trimester of pregnancy. 3. Serum albumin, gamma globulin and A/G ratio were found to be decreased in pregnancy whereas serum levels of alpha-2 and beta globulins were elevated. The results have been discussed.
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PMID:Iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: (biochemical investigations of iron-deficiency and nutritional status). 61 74

Nineteen children and 160 adults with Crohn's disease were examined. The children had been under treatment between 1972 and 1974. There were 11 boys and 8 girls. Their main symptoms were general malaise, diarrhea, abdominal pains, anemia and weight loss. Clinical examination showed pallor, malnutrition, and abdominal tenderness on palpation. In 7 of 19 cases, rectosigmoidoscopy showed pathological changes. Radiologically, the most frequent site of the disease was observed to be in the ileocecal area. Since conservative therapy is associated with the risk of grave local and general complications, resection of the affected intestinal segment was the method of choice. Resection must be carried out through healthy tissues. Although the intestinal absorption of B12, fat and bile acids deteriorated after resection of the ileum, the general state of health of the patient improved. Body weight, serum albumin, serum iron concentration and the total iron binding capacity increased and the patient developed normally. Relapses occurred in 8 of the 19 cases. From the large number of adult patients who were studied, it could be shown that the risk of a relapse was greater in the ileal and ileocolic disease than in disease restricted to colon.
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PMID:Long-term study of Crohn's disease. 62 61

The degree of 15N incorporation into serum albumin studied by 15N-urea administration in dialyzed patients on a 1.3 g/kg/day protein diet was shown to be almost the same as in non-dialyzed uremic patients on low protein diet, while there was no incorporation in a normal subject. 14.1 g of EAA and histidine was intravenously given in dialyzed patients on the high protein diet and improvements in the level of BUN and anemia were observed. The study with 15N-leucine in a patient proved that about 36% of EAA infused during dialysis was transferred into dialysate. AAD was prescribed by giving 15-20 g of EAA, histidine and tyrosine to patients at each dialysis. The AAD enabled us to give a large amount of EAA asymptomatically in a short time, improving anemia and decreasing the BUN level. 15N-glycine administration in a dialyzed patient proved that 15N incorporation into serum albumin was 3 times greater than his non-dialyzed uremic stage on a low protein diet, and that EAA serum concentrations and non-EAA which had not been added into dialysate were elevated.
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PMID:Studies on nitrogen and amino acid metabolism in hemodialysis patients using 15N-labelled compounds. 66 91

Fourteen adults in whom diabetes mellitus and coeliac disease coexist, are described. In no patient was coeliac disease diagnosed (biopsy proven) before the age of 28 years. Diabetes was recognized before coeliac disease in all except one. Diabetic control was very unstable and hypoglycaemia particularly troublesome before treatment with a gluten free diet. Following gluten restriction, insulin requirement increased in six patients, and diabetic control became more stable. Diarrhoea due to coeliac disease in a patient with coexisting diabetes, may be mistakenly diagnosed as 'diabetic diarrhoea'. However, certain clinical and laboratory features should arouse suspicion that the diarrhoea is not of diabetic origin. These included a history of gastrointestinal symptoms preceding the diagnosis of diabetes, the occurrence of repeated hypoglycaemia, absence of neuropathy, anaemia, low serum folate, low serum albumin and a malabsorption pattern on small bowel radiography. A definitive diagnosis of coeliac disease can be made only jejunal biopsy. The opportunity to diagnose coeliac disease in adult diabetics will usually fall to the diabetologist and wider use of jejunal biopsy in diabetics with chronic or recurrent diarrhoea is suggested.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus and coeliac disease: a clinical study. 67 52

The long-term prognosis in congenital hepatic fibrosis has been assessed in 30 patients, 13 treated at Newcastle and 17 from other British centres. Twenty-four patients had been followed-up for more than five years from diagnosis. Shunt operations, performed in 18 patients, were successful in controlling haemorrhage with a low mortality (1/18), low incidence of recurrent haemorrhage (3/18) and portal-systemic encephalopathy (3/18) but with a higher incidence of postoperative jaundice (7/18). About a third of the survivors had some evidence of hepatic dysfunction but none had chronic portal systemic encephalopathy. Intelligence quotient was close to normal but educational achievement and job status were low. Serum albumin fell after shunt surgery and a few patients developed ascites: anaemia and hypersplenism however, were corrected by surgery. Blood ammonia is raised in survivors with congenital hepatic fibrosis and rises further after a normal meal; further observations are needed on cerebral function after several decades of survival.
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PMID:Congenital hepatic fibrosis: the long-term prognosis. 68 May 86

Nutritional assessment of white persons over 59 who participated in the 1973 Missouri Nutrition Survey was based upon biochemical measurements, dietary intakes using food frequency histories, anthropometric measurements, and a dental examination. There were three major nutritionally related problems: poor dental health, obesity, and anemia. The mean for DMF, periodental index, and oral hygiene index for males was 20.5, 4.9, and 3.9, respectively; for females, 17.6, 3.6, and 2.5. Over one-half of both sexes were edentulous. Of the women 59% were greater than 119% of desirable weight compared to 22% of the men. Using guidelines from the Ten-State Nutrition Survey, the following percentages of men had low blood levels: 20, hemoglobin and serum iron; 2, plasma vitamin A; 6, plasma carotene; 1, serum vitamin C; and 0, serum albumin. The percent of women with low biochemical levels were: 11, hemoglobin; 10, serum iron; 7, plasma vitamin A; 1, serum vitamin C; and 2, serum albumin. None of the subjects had low or deficient levels of erythrocyte glutathione reductase. One-half of the women compared to one-fifth of the men had consumed diets with one or more nutrients below 67% of the 1974 Recommended Dietary Allowances.
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PMID:Nutritional status of elderly residents in Missouri. 72 63


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