Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (micro-ESR) was evaluated in 349 patients without focal signs of infection with bacteraemia, bacteraemia/malaria, malaria (218) and fever of undetermined origin(100). There were significant differences between the diagnoses in their mean micro-ESR uncorrected for anaemia (F ratio = 3.66, p = 0.013 for one way analysis of variance). The sensitivity of uncorrected micro-ESR > 20mm/hr for bacteraemia was moderate (53%) and specificity was low (32%); for bacteraemia/malaria sensitivity was high (88%) but specificity was also low (33%). The positive predictive value of micro-ESR > 20mm/hr was low for bacteraemia (3%) and bacteraemia/malaria (6%) whereas the negative predictive value was high for bacteraemia (94%) and very high for bacteraemia/malaria (98%). We conclude that a low micro-ESR (< 20mm/hr) may be helpful in ruling out bacteraemia, especially bacteraemia/malaria, in young febrile children without focal signs.
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PMID:The micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate as a screening test for bacteraemia in young children with non-focal infections. 851 1

A case is reported of rheumatic polymyalgia rarely amenable to correct diagnosis. The response was achieved after glucocorticoid treatment. The diagnosis was based on the following criteria: age over 50, muscular pain (in two or more regions of the neck, shoulder and pelvic girdle, ESR above 35 mm/h, duration of the symptoms at least 2 months, limited movements in the cervical spine, shoulder and hip joints, weakness, subnormal appetite, fever, anemia, loss of weight.
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PMID:[Polymyalgia rheumatica]. 857 Dec 62

A 77-year-old woman with hypertension was admitted to our hospital because of exertional dyspnea end peripheral edema. Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion and right pleural effusion. Hypertensive heart failure was diagnosed and treated, and right pleural effusion disappeared in 2 weeks. Abnormalities on laboratory data, i.e. anemia and increased ESR et al. continued after the improvement of heart failure. Serum IgG was elevated (2570 mg/dl), while IgA and IgM were decreased. Immunoelectrophoresis indicated the presence of monoclonal IgG-lambda in the serum. Bone marrow puncture revealed an increase in atypical plasma cells (38.4%). Multiple myeloma was diagnosed from these findings and treated with melphalan and prednisolone. But increases in atypical plasma cells (43.2%) and serum IgG (2573 mg/dl) continued. During treatment, right pleural effusion increased again. Thoracocentesis showed bloody effusion with numerous atypical plasma cells, and the presence of monoclonal IgG-lambda was indicated by immunoelectrophoresis. The patient died of renal and heart failure 2 months after the onset of malignant pleural effusion. Cytological examination and immunoelectrophoresis are necessary for pleural effusion in multiple myeloma.
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PMID:[A case of multiple myeloma associated with abnormal plasma cells and M-protein in pleural effusion]. 864 97

We have evaluated the haematological values of 50 adult patients with untreated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and compared them with those of 50 normal age and sex-matched controls. Anaemia (usually mild) and an invariably (but moderately) elevated ESR were observed as expected. Thrombocytopaenia and thrombocytosis were observed in equal number of patients (18% respectively). We observed significant lymphopaenia (rather than lymphocytosis) in these untreated PTB patients, occurring in 46% (p < 0.0001). Lymphocytosis was observed in only 6% of the PTB patients. Another interesting observation was neutrophilic leucocytosis, which occurred in 40% of the patients. We would suggest that in evaluating results of haematological values in suspected cases of PTB, lymphopaenia rather than lymphocytosis, should be considered.
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PMID:Leucocyte count, platelet count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in pulmonary tuberculosis. 866 90

Iron profiles of communities of hunter-gatherers and former hunter-gatherers conducted between 1969 and 1987 at Dobe in the Kalahari Desert of Botswana exhibited pronounced differences during periods of rapid culture change. The loss of good health and particularly the increase in anemia through time was attributed to notable changes in diet, although changes in mobility patterns were considered a secondary cause. In 1988 and 1989, studies were conducted at Kutse, also in the Kalahari Desert of Botswana, to ascertain the frequency of anemia at a recently sedentary community in which residents still relied primarily on wild animals for meat. Although not identical, the hematological presentation in 1989 was similar to that in 1988. The studies together suggest that our findings characterize the pattern of health and disease at Kutse, which is unrelated to any specific year or to diet. Additional measures of disease, specifically ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and oral temperatures, support an interpretation of anemia of chronic disease as the cause of hypoferremia at Kutse. Morbidity is high, in spite of adequate diets, because the residents are transitional from a nomadic to a sedentary lifestyle and from a relatively dispersed to an aggregated settlement pattern. These changes have introduced new health problems.
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PMID:Anemia and the transition of nomadic hunter-gatherers to a sedentary life-style: follow-up study of a Kalahari community. 885 Jan 85

Several studies have demonstrated differences between ethnic groups in the severity and pattern of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). The current investigation compared RA and OA in Pakistani and British White Caucasian out-patients in two teaching hospitals. There were 88 RA patients in each setting, matched for age, gender and disease duration. The pattern of OA was sought by recording the details of 44 consecutive new referrals to each clinic. Amongst the RA patients, joint deformity and tenderness were similar, but disability was more severe, ESR higher, anaemia more pronounced and RA latex more often positive amongst the Pakistani patients. X-ray damage was more pronounced amongst the British patients, especially in the feet. The British were also more likely to have rheumatoid nodules and to have undergone disease-modifying treatment or joint surgery. The paradox of more severe indices of disease activity and disability with less X-ray erosion in hands and feet might be explained by the impact of treatment on joint inflammation and the beneficial influence of surgery on disability in the British. The worse X-ray scores in the White Caucasians might indicate a genetic predisposition to radiologically more severe disease. The age of the British OA patients was significantly higher, but this is unlikely to have influenced the striking disparity in the frequency of isolated knee OA, which was significantly greater in the Pakistani patients. Comparison with age- and sex-matched healthy Pakistani subjects suggested that susceptibility to knee OA was strongly associated with body weight, but not with knee bending at prayer or with joint laxity. Amongst the Pakistanis, Heberden nodes, hip involvement and evidence of generalized OA were significantly less, but these observations may have been due to their younger age. The study confirmed differences in the clinical presentation of both RA and OA amongst patients in Pakistan compared with White Caucasians in Britain. Several confounding factors, such as patient recruitment, culture, treatment and age, may have influenced the results, but it remains likely that genetic factors are important.
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PMID:A comparison of the clinical features of hospital out-patients with rheumatoid disease and osteoarthritis in Pakistan and England. 925 24

A study of prevalence of tuberculosis in Kishtwar tehsil of Jammu region was conducted from June 1991 to May 1992. A total of one thousand two hundred ninety-eight rural as well as urban population suffering from various types of lung diseases was studied for prevalence of tuberculosis and a sizeable number (98) of patients were found to be positive of various types of tuberculosis, viz, pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous pleural effusion and miliary tuberculosis. Of the population studied 7.55% were found to be positive for tuberculosis and among them 88.76% patients were anaemic and the commonest type of anaemia was normocytic normochromic and normocytic hypochromic. The ESR was raised in almost of all the patients. Of the population, 80.61% were seen to be positive on skiagram chest and 58.16% were found to be positive on other diagnostic tests like Mantoux's tests, sputum for acid-fast bacilli, etc. Mantoux's test was positive in 27.55% cases and sputum was positive in 30.61% cases. All the cases studied were subjected to special investigations. The changes in parameters are consistent with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Large family size, poverty, excessive smoking, illiteracy, etc, are the major contributing factors.
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PMID:Prevalence of tuberculosis in Kishtwar Tehsil of Jammu region in Jammu and Kashmir State. 901 78

Microscopic polyarteritis may involve medium-sized and small blood vessels as well as arterioles, venules and capillaries. We have compared the clinical and laboratory features in patients with microscopic polyarteritis and medium vessel involvement, with the features found in patients with polyarteritis nodosa affecting medium vessels alone. In a 9-year period, 21 patients presented to our hospital with a form of polyarteritis. Seven had microscopic polyarteritis demonstrated histologically (6/7, 86%) and associated with dysmorphic urinary red cells (7/7, 100%), as well as medium vessel vasculitis demonstrated histologically (7/7) or by angiography (1/7, 14%). Five patients had polyarteritis nodosa with medium vessel vasculitis demonstrated histologically (3/5, 60%) or by angiography (2/5, 40%); and no evidence of a glomerular vasculitis on biopsy (2/7, 29%) or in the urinary sediment (0/7, 0%). The remaining 9 patients had microscopic polyarteritis but medium vessel involvement was not excluded by angiography. All patients with microscopic polyarteritis and medium vessel involvement had glomerular hematuria (> 100,000 glomerular RBC/ml), proteinuria > 0.5 g/24 hours), and an elevated serum creatinine (0.166 to 0.811 mmol/l). Other symptoms included fever (6/7, 86%), night sweats (5/7, 71%), gastrointestinal bleeding (4/7, 57%), proximal myopathy (3/7, 43%) and peripheral neuropathy (3/7, 43%). One patient (1/7, 14%) had hypertension. Anemia (6/7, 86%), a raised ESR (6/7, 86%), thrombocytosis (6/7, 86%), hypoalbuminemia (6/7, 86%) and abnormal liver function tests (6/7, 86%) were common. Two patients (29%) had an eosinophilia. All 5 individuals who were tested for ANCA were positive (2cANCA, 2pANCA and one pattern not described). In contrast, in patients with polyarteritis nodosa and medium vessel involvement alone, an elevated ESR was common (4/5, 80%) but fever (1/5, 20%), night sweats (0/5, 0%), proximal myopathy (1/5, 20%) and peripheral neuropathy (1/5, 20%) were seen infrequently; hypertension (1/5, 20%) and eosinophilia (1/5, 20%) were also uncommon; and ANCA were not demonstrated (0/3, 0%). Medium-sized vessel involvement is common in patients with microscopic polyarteristis, and these patients are more likely to have renal involvement and systemic symptoms, and be ANCA-positive, than patients with polyarteritis nodosa alone. Gastrointestinal symptoms are often seen in both groups.
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PMID:Classical polyarteritis nodosa and microscopic polyarteritis with medium vessel involvement--a comparison of the clinical and laboratory features. 910 64

We have tried to elucidate the significance of so called non-infiltrative changes in order to find their place in the staging procedure particularly in countries where facilities for elaborate clinical staging are not available. Seventy nine out of 88 patients were classified into 3 groups depending upon the histological findings in their bone marrow trephine biopsies. Bone marrow in Group-I (n = 20) patients was essentially normal. The established criteria of bone marrow involvement were fulfilled in Group III patients (n = 25); while bone marrow in Group-II patients (n = 34) showed non-infiltrative changes. The clinical presentation, peripheral blood parameters and LDH levels of the 3 groups of patients were compared. There was progressive anaemia, neutrophilic leucocytosis and increase in ESR from Group I to III. The change was statistically significant when Group I was compared with Group II or Group III but non-significant when Group II was compared with Group III. It is, therefore, postulated that both Groups II and III reflect the bone marrow involvement although the changes observed in Group II do not satisfy the previously established criteria for this purpose.
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PMID:Bone marrow involvement in Hodgkin's disease: the significance of non-infiltrative changes. 914 39

Multiple myeloma is characterized by the production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin, free monoclonal light chains, or both. Although bone pain is the classic presentation, multiple myeloma should be a consideration in differential diagnosis in elderly patients with arthritic complaints if other typical symptoms or laboratory abnormalities, such as anemia, hypercalcemia, and elevated ESR, are present. A combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is the usual treatment.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma. Diagnostic clues in a patient presenting with incapacitating arthralgias. 933 6


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