Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical and haematological features of 13 patients with secondary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were studied, MDS developed subsequent to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for various haematological or non-haematological diseases. In six cases, the first sign was a persistently increased mean cell volume (MCV) and a macrocytosis preceding from 6 to 18 months the appearance of severe anaemia or acute leukaemia. In five cases, the initial finding was a macrocytic anaemia. Dysmyelopoiesis was a constant and prominent feature of the bone marrow smears at some time during the course of the disease. Two cases without macrocytosis at any time directly developed overt acute leukaemia.
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PMID:Myelodysplasia and leukaemia related to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy--a haematological study of 13 cases. Value of macrocytosis as an early sign of bone marrow injury. 693 Oct 4

Considering the beneficial effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), it has been speculated that ATRA might also be useful for treating other hematologic malignancies. To test this hypothesis, we performed a dose-escalating 3-month-trial of ATRA in 15 patients with primary or secondary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Morphologic diagnoses were refractory anemia (RA) in 4, RA with ring sideroblasts (RARS) in 2, RA with excess blasts (RAEB) in 7, and RAEB in transformation (RAEB/T) in 2 cases. Patients included were required to have one or more of the following criteria: transfusion-dependent anemia, pronounced neutropenia (< or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L) or thrombocytopenia (< or = 20 x 10(9)/L), or increasing blast cells in the peripheral blood or bone marrow. Therapy was started at an ATRA dose of 30 mg/m2/d, administered orally as two doses of 15 mg/m2 every 12 hours. The retinoid dose was increased to 60 mg/m2/d after 4 weeks and to 90 mg/m2/d after 8 weeks. Among 14 patients assessable for response, none obtained a complete or partial remission. Three patients had a minor response, manifested by either reduction in transfusion requirements (2 patients) or increase in neutrophil and platelet counts (1 patient). During the study period, 5 patients progressed to more advanced stages of MDS or overt leukemia. Three patients with chromosomal abnormalities receiving ATRA for a period of 10 to 12 weeks retained their cytogenetic marker after completion of treatment. Side effects of ATRA primarily affected the skin and mucous membranes, with 13 of 15 patients having at least low-grade dermatologic toxicity. In 2 cases, treatment had to be prematurely stopped because of intolerable conjunctivitis or progressive neurologic symptoms. These data suggest that ATRA has little effect on MDS. The lack of response of MDS patients, as compared with those with APL, may be attributed to the absence of the t(15;17) translocation that seems to be a prerequisite for clinical efficacy of ATRA.
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PMID:All-trans retinoic acid in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: results of a pilot study. 821 88

Clinical bone marrow specimens submitted to the University of Minnesota's Veterinary Teaching Hospital Cytology Service over a 3-year period were evaluated for the presence of myelodysplastic features. Of 220 bone marrow specimens examined, 30 contained dysplastic features. Twenty-seven of these dogs were evaluated further. Twelve were categorized as primary myelodysplastic syndromes, and 15 were categorized as secondary myelodysplastic syndromes. Of the primary myelodysplastic syndromes, 4 were subcategorized as refractory anemia and 8 were categorized as myelodysplasia. Primary refractory anemia was characterized by nonregenerative anemia without leukopenia or thrombocytopenia and with prolonged survival. Primary myelodysplasia was characterized by pancytopenia, greater than 5% myeloblasts in bone marrow, dysplastic features in all bone marrow cell lines, and short survival time. Results of this study indicate that differentiating primary refractory anemia from primary myelodysplasia has both therapeutic and prognostic significance. Dogs with primary refractory anemia tend to have prolonged survival and respond to erythropoietin treatment, whereas dogs with primary myelodysplasia have short survival and do not respond to standard treatments.
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PMID:Primary myelodysplastic syndromes of dogs: a report of 12 cases. 1101 10