Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of aging on the surgical results. The subjects which were 70-year or older included 13 cases of acute myocardial infarction with mechanical failure (AMI), 36 of elective aortocoronary bypass (CABG) and 33 of valvular heart disease (VHD). The control group younger than 70 included 32 cases of CABG and 32 of VHD. The complication rate of hypertension or diabetes mellitus in the older group was not significantly higher than in younger group. The characteristics of the preoperative status in the older group, however, seemed to be renal and hepatic hypofunction and anemia. The amount of intraoperative bleeding in older group was larger than in younger group. The periods of ICU stay, respiratory assist and postoperative hospitalization in older group were significantly longer than in younger group. The operative mortality rate of AMI was 61.5%, of CABG 8.3% and of VHD 12.1%. The operative mortality rate of emergent or urgent operation was 47.6% and of elective one 8.2%. The 4-year survival rate of CABG was 82% and the 6-year survival rate of VHD was 85%. Sixty four survivors (95.5%) improved to I-II of NYHA classification and of only 3 survivors (4.5%) remained in NYHA III class. The operative and long term results of elective surgery in older patients were comparable to those in younger ones. Therefore aging, itself, should not be a limiting factor in 70-year or older patients with good mental activity.
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PMID:[Results and problems of open heart surgery in patients seventy years of age and older]. 194 70

The recognition of polyarteriitis nodosa is a difficult task for the clinician. The extraordinarily varied symptoms of this illness involve mostly general complaints and the mostley combination of some organic symptoms. In their histologically proved seven cases the most frequent original clinical symptoms were the long lasting feverish condition, the loss of body weight as well as numbness and pain of limbs. The anamnesis of three patients involved the asthma bronchiale. The laboratory findings were characterized first of all by an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and in four cases anaemia has developed. In four cases eosinophilia and in two ones high blood-pressure were observed. The disease-process of their patients is varying; a 30 year old man's death was caused right after the admission to the hospital by an acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:[7 cases of polyarteritis nodosa]. 197 16

Within the health care of the elderly with prevention, diagnosis, therapy, rehabilitation, nursing care and social service, diagnostic procedures are of great importance to avoid under- and over-diagnosis. Many diagnostic difficulties exist in elderly patients such as changed reference values, changed normal values and changed signs and symptoms. Well-known examples of conditions which are likely to be under-diagnosed include depression and urinary incontinence. Examples are given from the cardiopulmonary field where e.g. dyspnoea showed to be very common, but in only 36% of males and 52% in females related to cardiac failure or pulmonary disease. The most common symptom of acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients was shown to be dyspnoea, whereas chest pain occurred in only one fifth of the cases. In another study of patients with ulcer disease loss of appetite and weight, nausea and anemia were more common than abdominal pain and heartburn. In peritonitis patients, abdominal pain was observed in only just more than half of the cases and guarding and/or abdominal rigidity in about one third. In patients with suspect age dementia a detailed investigation showed the prevalence of organic dementia to be 89% whereas 3% had treatable dementia and 8% non-dementia conditions. In geriatric long-term patients the mean hearing loss in the speech area was about 50 dB, in spite of the fact that only about 10% of the patients had hearing aids. The need for nursing diagnosis is also obvious. It is concluded that a detailed multidisciplinary diagnostic investigation procedure is very important in geriatric medicine.
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PMID:The importance of diagnostic procedures to ensure quality of health care in geriatric medicine. Examples from recent studies. 198 60

A retrospective analysis of the clinical features and outcome of 39 Chinese children with Kawasaki syndrome was made. The mean age of onset was 2.7 years (range: 0.2-13 years). The male:female ratio was 2.9:1. One child presented with nephrotic syndrome. This renal manifestation has not been described in Kawasaki disease. Ten (32%) out of 31 patients were found to have coronary aneurysms by cross-sectional echocardiography. The only significant risk factor detected in this group of patients was anaemia (P less than 0.007). There was one (2.5%) death from acute myocardial infarction and the rest of the patients were clinically well with a mean follow-up period of 1 year (mean: 5-40 days). This study indicates that there is a high incidence of coronary aneurysm complicating Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese comparable with that reported in Japanese children.
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PMID:Kawasaki syndrome in Chinese children. 247 58

The case of a 74-year-old man who developed ventricular fibrillation during a digital rectal examination is presented. The patient was subsequently resuscitated and developed cardiac enzyme elevation without ECG changes, indicating a nontransmural myocardial infarction. Although controlled studies have not shown any ill effects of rectal examination in patients with acute myocardial infarction, there have been multiple case reports of bradycardia, ectopy, and ventricular arrhythmias resulting from rectal examination. The postulated etiology of the ectopy is twofold; increased vagal tone from rectal parasympathetic innervation or increased sympathetic tone from anxiety-stimulated catecholamine release. Rectal examination is definitely indicated in a subset of patients including those with gastrointestinal or genitourinary complaints, unexplained hypotension or anemia, trauma, and neurological deficits, and those who will receive anticoagulation or thrombolytic therapy. In the remaining patients, the decision must be made on a case-by-case basis. Awareness of and precautions for possible ill effects of the examination are prudent.
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PMID:Ventricular fibrillation during rectal examination. 291 50

Traditionally, blood rheology tests have been used in diagnosis and monitoring of infection, rheumatic diseases and malignancy, and are still of clinical value in these conditions. In the last twenty years, clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that the haematological determinants of blood flow resistance (haematocrit, fibrinogen, white cell count and altered red and white cell rigidity) are also associated with nutritional, metabolic, endocrine and vascular disorders. Decreased red cell deformability may contribute to reduced red cell survival and anaemia in burns, malaria, liver disease and kidney failure. In trauma and inflammatory disease, overt hyperviscosity is usually prevented by vasodilatation and reduction in the haematocrit. However, low-flow states may arise systemically from haemoconcentration (contracted plasma volume, Chapter 3) in severe burns, inappropriate red cell transfusion, or dehydration due to illness; systemically in circulatory shock; and locally in venous thrombosis or arterial disease. In such circumstances, the intrinsic flow resistance of blood may perpetuate flow disturbance, ischaemia and thrombosis. Conversely, optimal levels of haematocrit, fibrinogen and white cell count may be lower than normal in low-flow states. Haemodilution by colloid infusion is beneficial in burns, shock, major surgery, prevention of postoperative venous thrombosis, chronic stable claudication and possibly in acute stroke and retinal vein thrombosis. Plasma exchange may be beneficial in severe Raynaud's phenomenon. Defibrination with ancrod is effective in prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis but its role in arterial disease is unproven. The benefits of streptokinase therapy in venous thrombo-embolism and acute myocardial infarction may be partly rheological, due to fibrinogen depletion. Drugs with rheological effects may be beneficial in intermittent claudication.
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PMID:Blood rheology in general medicine and surgery. 332 67

Typical acute myocardial infarction in a well-documented case of sickle cell disease, to our knowledge, has not been reported. A patient with hemoglobin SS proved by electrophoresis with typical clinical manifestation and diagnostic ECG changes died suddenly. Autopsy findings were confirmatory, but no atherogenic lesions were present. Possible mechanisms for acute infarction are discussed, including sludging of sickle cells, coronary spasm, thrombus formation, and severe anemia associated with any or all of the aforementioned.
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PMID:Acute myocardial infarction in sickle cell anemia. 683 4

The frequency of beta-thalassaemia trait was estimated in 209 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction in order to answer the question of the possible protective effect of heterozygosity for beta-thalassaemia on the incidence of the disease. 212 patients hospitalized during the same period for various accidental bone fractures served as controls. Diagnosis of both, acute myocardial infarction and beta-thalassaemia trait, was based on the standard clinical and laboratory criteria. We found that patients with acute myocardial infarction had low frequency of beta-thalassaemia trait (4.31%), as compared with the mean incidence of heterozygosity for beta-thalassaemia in the whole Greek population (7.61%) (p < 0.02). This finding was more clear in the older age groups of the patients studied. No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of beta-thalassaemia trait between control subjects (8.49%) and the whole Greek population. We concluded that the heterozygosity for beta-thalassaemia may protect the carrier from acute myocardial infarction. This effect is probably related to low serum cholesterol levels, slight anaemia, and microcytosis lowering the blood viscosity. These changes are usually present in the beta-thalassaemia trait carriers.
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PMID:Low incidence of acute myocardial infarction in beta-thalassaemia trait carriers. 759 May 14

This 50-year-old male was admitted to the hospital on April 1983 with complaints of severe chest pain attacks 2 weeks previously. Laboratory data: On admission the blood findings were Hb 14.3 Gm/dl of blood, RBC 4.70 million/mm3, WBC 11,600/mm3 and a platelet count of 1.1 million/mm3. ECG showed elevation of ST-T in V1 to V4. Serum LDH and CPK levels were high. He was diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction with thrombocythemia. Three days after admission he abruptly fell into a semicomatose state and left hemiplesia. Head computed tomography showed a large, low-density lesion in the right mid-cerebral artery area, and we also diagnosed cerebral infarction. He was given nimustine (ACNU) 100 mg/week three times as remission induction therapy. For maintenance chemotherapy, at first we administered mitobronitol (DBM) 150 mg/day then changed to intermittent administration of ACNU 100 mg. On September 1991, the patient was admitted to the hospital with progressive anemia and uncontrollable thrombocythemia. Bone marrow chromosome analysis revealed aneuploidy. The patient received interferon alpha 3 million unit/day. The thrombocythemia could be controlled but his general condition deteriorated. On April 1992, he died of interstitial pneumonia.
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PMID:[A case of essential thrombocythemia with clonal evolution in the terminal phase]. 812 97

In this article, we review current literature on coffee, both regular and decaffeinated, and its potential effects in humans. Moderate coffee consumption is believed to have no persistent effect on blood pressure. Large intake of coffee may increase total cholesterol levels; boiled coffee increases cholesterol levels more than filtered coffee. Consuming more than four cups per day may be associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction. There appears to be an association between urinary bladder cancer and coffee consumption. No association was found between ingestion of coffee and incidence of duodenal ulcer and ulcerative colitis. Increased coffee consumption by pregnant women appears to decrease fetal birth weight. Fetal heart rate, respiration, and both maternal and fetal anemia are increased with coffee consumption but coffee has not been shown to be teratogenic. Coffee consumption appears to pose no particular threat in most people if consumed in moderation. Naturally decaffeinated, filter-brewed coffee further diminishes its potential harmful effects.
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PMID:Coffee. Facts and controversies. 811 93


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