Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The RBC distribution width has been reported to be of value in the discrimination of iron deficiency anemia from other microcytic anemias, but studies in pediatric populations are lacking. A population of 734 normal children was studied to establish age-appropriate normal values for RBC distribution width. The RBC distribution width of 47 patients with microcytic anemia was then evaluated. RBC distribution width was elevated in 19 of 22 patients with iron deficiency but was also increased in six of 14 patients with thalassemia trait and two of 11 patients with anemia secondary to inflammatory disease. The resulting discrimination was better than that obtained by using Mentzer's index or the discriminant function in the patients studied. The RBC distribution width, albeit a less then perfect tool, can be of value in evaluating pediatric patients with microcytic anemia.
 ...
PMID:Red blood cell distribution width in pediatric microcytic anemias. 361 97

A review of 162 patients with Hodgkin disease disclosed 36 with microcytic anemia (mean corpuscular hemoglobin values [MCV] less than 80 fl). Three patients had iron deficiency, and one had beta-thalassemia. Of the remaining 32 patients, 24 had microcytic anemia at the time of diagnosis of Hodgkin disease, and ten, including two patients with this finding initially, developed microcytic anemia in association with recurrence of Hodgkin disease. Seven patients with Hodgkin disease and normal MCV had normal alpha-to-beta-globin chain ratios (1.0 +/- 0.14). Seven patients with Hodgkin disease and MCV less than 80 fl had significantly lower alpha-to-beta chain ratios (0.66 +/- 0.05). Twelve normal controls and four with iron-deficiency anemia and MCV less than 80 fl had normal ratios. Anemia was corrected, and MCV returned to normal in all patients who responded to therapy for Hodgkin disease. In the two patients studied sequentially, abnormal alpha-to-beta-chain ratio was corrected along with the anemia.
 ...
PMID:Microcytosis in Hodgkin disease associated with unbalanced globin chain synthesis. 375 67

Improvement of microcytic anemia after deferoxamine treatment is described in eight long-term dialysis patients with high serum aluminum concentration and other clinical signs of aluminum toxicity. Hematocrit increase of 3 to 19 vol% was associated with correction of microcytosis, significant reduction in abnormal levels of free erythrocyte protoporphyrins, and amelioration of the bone-related symptoms and neurologic signs of aluminum intoxication. Increase in hematocrit, reversal of microcytosis, and reduction in protoporphyrin levels all correlated with the aluminum burden as indicated by the pretreatment serum aluminum levels and by the peak serum aluminum levels during mobilization with deferoxamine. Furthermore, deferoxamine resulted in marked improvement in anemia despite significant reduction in serum ferritin levels. This reversal of microcytosis with deferoxamine provides objective evidence verifying the toxicity of aluminum, and suggests that microcytosis may be an easily detected marker for both clinical diagnosis as well as response to treatment in some cases of aluminum intoxication.
 ...
PMID:Microcytic anemia in dialysis patients: reversible marker of aluminum toxicity. 382 71

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), menstrual bleeding not explained by organic pathology in the pelvis or systemic deseases that exacerbate bleeding, is suspected when a reproductive-aged woman has excessive menstrual flow. Ovulatory DUB is most common in parous women aged 30-45 years. Cycles are regular and predictable and menstrual flows are preceded by breas soreness, mood or energy changes, or pelvic discomfort. Hypochronic microcytic anemia may result from the amount, rapidity, and duration of bleeding. Current evidence supports the hypothesis that DUB is associated with an increased total amount of prostaglandin in the uterus. Prostacyclin appears to be a likely cause of menorrhagia because it is locally produced within the intima of vessels and is a powerful vasodilator and effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. DUB diagnosis requires careful exclusion of organic pathology through a detailed history, complete physical examination, and a complete blood count. A beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin measurement to rule out obstetric accident, curettage, hysteroscopy, biopsy, or laparoscopic visualization may be appropriate under different conditions. Curettage, thyroid hormone administration, ergot alkaloids, vitamin and mineral preparations, and iron therapy do little to correct the basic problem. Aspirin should be avoided in the week before and on the days of flow since in analgesic doses it inhibits the platelet thromboxanes that promote platelet agggregation and local vasoconstriction. Bed rest or reduced physical activity on days of flow is also advisable. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are effective in reducing blood loss in women with DUB. The durgs are prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, but the biochemical modifications causing an improved bleeding pattern are not well understood. All such drugs are effective, but some women experience greater relief with 1 formulation than another. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, 10 mg dialy for 7 days before the onset of flow, reduces bleeding in some women although the mechanism of action is unclear. Oral contraceptives (OCs) containing progestins derived from 19-nortestosterone inhibit endometrial proliferation, so ther is little tissue to be shed and little local prostaglandin to stimulate bleeding. Nonsmoking women under 40 years old with DUB who desire reversible contraception are excellent candidates for OCs. Aminocaproic acid is very expensive and has annoying gastrointestinal side effects. but is cost-effective for women with chronic anemia or life threatening uterine hemorrhage who wish to avoid hysterectomy. Danazol is of little usefulness because of its expense and side effects. Hysterectomy is an acceptable therapeutic option for many women.
 ...
PMID:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in ovulatory women. 388 Aug 90

The Belgrade laboratory rat (b/b rat) has hereditary, hypochromic, microcytic anemia with a variety of red cell abnormalities. Although this anemic syndrome has been recently ascribed to the defective delivery of iron to the developing red cell, the basic hematopoietic defect is still unknown. In this article we present evidence that the b/b rat has an additional hematologic defect. We have found that the megakaryocyte number in the marrow of the b/b rat is decreased to one half that of the normal rat, but the maturation rate of recognizable megakaryocytes is accelerated and the size is increased. The platelet count is moderately reduced. These findings indicate that megakaryocytopoiesis in the anemic b/b rat is abnormal and suggest that the genetic defect may involve the progenitors of the megakaryocyte cell lineage. Alternatively, the megakaryocytic abnormalities may be secondary to the severe anemia.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal megakaryocytopoiesis in the Belgrade laboratory rat. 396 52

To evaluate the effect of tea drinking on the occurrence of microcytic anemia in infants, we studied 122 healthy infants who underwent routine blood counts at the age of 6-12 months. An overall high frequency of anemia (Hb less than 11 gm/dl-48.4%), microcytosis (MCV less than 70 Mm3-21.3%) and microcytic anemia (19%) was found in the whole group. The percentage of tea drinking infants with microcytic anemia (32.6%) was significantly higher than that of the non-tea drinkers (3.5%). The daily amount of tea drinking was 50-750 ml (median 250 ml). The tea drinkers had significantly lower mean levels of hemoglobin than that of the non-tea drinkers (10.5 +/- 1.2 gm/dl vs 11.2 +/- 0.8 gm/dl, respectively) and significantly lower mean levels of mean corpuscular volume than that of the non-tea drinkers (71.5 +/- 7.1 micron 3 vs 76.1 +/- 4.6 micron 3). There were no significant differences between the two groups in their sex distribution and in the duration of breast feeding. The two groups differed with regard to their ages and social class but a multivariate analysis had excluded the possible confounding effect of these differences on the hematological results. Based on our finding we do not recommend giving tea to infants whose main source of iron is from milk, grains, vegetables or medicinal sources.
 ...
PMID:Tea drinking and microcytic anemia in infants. 400 28

As microcytic anemia is a feature of aluminium intoxication, we prospectively studied the hematologic effects of deferoxamine in 10 hemodialysis patients with aluminum-induced bone disease. Comparing the mean monthly results of a 4 month period before and during deferoxamine therapy, we observed an important decrease of the transfusion needs (alpha less than 0.025) and an increase of hematocrit (p less than 0.02), hemoglobin (p less than 0.02), MCV (p less than 0.02) and MCH (p less than 0.05); the number of red blood cells remained unchanged. Our results show that deferoxamine treatment of dialysis patients with aluminum bone disease can markedly improve their anemia, even in the absence of recent aggravation, microcytosis and hypochromia. They also suggest that aluminum could participate in the anemia of dialysis patients even if it is normocytic.
 ...
PMID:Improvement of anemia with deferoxamine in hemodialysis patients with aluminum-induced bone disease. 407 95

The diagnostic potential of the combined use of zinc-protoporphyrin (ZPP), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and haemoglobin measurements for discriminating between iron deficiency anaemia, beta-thalassaemia minor and lead poisoning has been studied. Lead poisoning could be identified by ZPP greater than 50 micrograms/dl in the presence of normal MCV or ZPP greater than 150 micrograms/dl in the presence of microcytosis (MCV less than 80 fl) with a sensitivity of 97% and specificity 94%. Beta-thalassaemia minor was identified by the coexistence of microcytosis and ZPP less than 50 micrograms/dl with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity 79%. Iron deficiency anaemia defined by the combination of microcytosis and ZPP ranging from 50 to 150 micrograms/dl was identified with a sensitivity of 95%, but the specificity was only 51%, with many of the patients overlapping with thalassaemia minor. This problem did not exist in iron-deficiency anaemia with haemoglobin less than 10 g/dl as at that range no patients with uncomplicated thalassaemia minor have been encountered. A great advantage of the combined use of ZPP, MCV and haemoglobin for the initial screening of microcytic anaemia is its ease of performance and low cost. However, this information should only be regarded as presumptive evidence of disease, requiring subsequent confirmation by appropriate direct measurements such as transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, haemoglobin electrophoresis, or blood lead determinations.
 ...
PMID:Combined use of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin measurements for classifying microcytic RBC disorders in children and young adults. 407 41

We report a case of anemia due to autoantibodies to the transferrin receptor interfering with iron incorporation by erythroid progenitors. A previously healthy woman with severe acquired microcytic anemia had increased serum iron levels, electrophoretically normal transferrin concentrations, and very high levels of free protoporphyrin in red cells. The bone marrow had no stainable iron but had an excess of normal-appearing plasma cells. Erythroid precursors stained with fluorescent mouse antihuman IgM. The serum contained an antibody that reduced 59Fe incorporation by erythroleukemia K562 cells in vitro but did not inhibit iron transferrin binding. An IgM fraction of the patient's serum immunoprecipitated the human transferrin receptor obtained from solubilized [35S]methionine-labeled K562 membranes. Binding of [59Fe]transferrin or fluorescent iron transferrin was not diminished by the patient's serum at 4 degrees C, but at 37 degrees C uptake was markedly reduced, as was the binding of fluorescent monoclonal antibodies to either surface transferrin or the human transferrin receptor. A complete clinical and hematologic remission occurred with azathioprine and prednisone therapy. We conclude that the patient's autoreactive IgM down-regulated the number of transferrin receptors and diminished iron incorporation by erythroblasts, leading to an iron-deficiency anemia.
 ...
PMID:Acquired iron-deficiency anemia caused by an antibody against the transferrin receptor. 633 May 53

Heterozygous beta thalassaemia with microcytic anaemia (hemoglobin concentration 77 g/l) has been recognized in a 49 year-old woman of Alsatian extraction. A long history of microcytic anaemia had led to inadequate oral iron treatment before the patient was referred to us because of the persisting microcytic anaemia and iron loading. Indeed the patient also had haemosiderosis with a high transferrin saturation (73%) and markedly elevated ferritinaemia (1,114 micrograms/ml). Ferrokinetic data showed increased plasma iron turnover, early transfer of iron to the liver and evidence of ineffective erythropoiesis. She was treated with desferrioxamine (3 g every three days subcutaneously) and serum ferritin levels gradually decreased together with transferrin saturation. After 15 months serum ferritin and transferrin saturation were within the normal range. Several hypotheses are discussed to explain why this patient had haemosiderosis associated with heterozygous beta thalassaemia. The propositus was found to be HLA-A3, which is strongly associated with idiopathic haemochromatosis. Her sister also carries HLA-A3 with heterozygous beta thalassaemia but she has neither anaemia nor iron overload. Thus double heterozygotism is unlikely in our patient.
 ...
PMID:[Iron overload in a beta thalassemia heterozygote of the intermediate type in a subject of Alsation origin. Results of iron chelation treatment]. 633 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>