Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemobilia represents gastrointestinal bleeding that develops as a result of communication between blood vessels and the biliary tract, which causes the blood to reach the duodenal papilla. It is characterized by biliary colic as the initial symptom, and the complications of cholangitis, obstructive jaundice and/or anemia. In general, definitive diagnosis is made by esophagogastroduodenoscopy which confirms bleeding from the duodenal papilla. Abdominal US and abdominal enhanced CT are performed to identify the source of the bleeding, as well as ERCP for biliary drainage to control the comorbid cholangitis. If active hemorrhage accompanied by worsening of the anemia is suspected, abdominal angiography is performed to selectively image the hepatic artery. Then, embolization of the culprit vessel is recommended. In our patients with difficult hemostasis, because of the direct compression hemostasis to the tumor site achieved with the fully covered metallic stent and secondary compression hemostasis due to blood clots, the bleeding could be controlled.
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PMID:A case of successful placement of a fully covered metallic stent for hemobilia secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct invasion. 2334 12

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide .Its incidence is reported to be increasing in developing countries. It commonly presents with weight loss, anaemia, lump abdomen, change of bowel habit, obstruction or fresh rectal bleeding. Beside these common modes of presentations, there are some rare manifestations which masqueraded as different disease like obstructive jaundice, empyema gall bladder or cholecystitis. A 60-year-old male presented to hospital with right sided pain abdomen. On abdominal examination mild tenderness was present in right hypochondrium. Intra operatively gall bladder was separated from the adjoining gut, peritoneum and liver bed and was removed. On further exploration, there was a large mass in the vicinity of the gall bladder related to transverse colon. Extended right hemicolectomy was done. Histopathological examination of gut mass revealed adenocarcinoma of transverse colon with free margins and gall bladder showed cholecystitis with no evidence of malignancy. We present an interesting case of colon cancer colon that caused diagnostic confusion by mimicking as cholecystitis. Colorectal cancer constitutes a major public health issue globally. Therefore, public awareness, screening of high-risk populations, early diagnosis and effective treatment and follow-up will help to reduce its occurance and further complications.
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PMID:Carcinoma transverse colon masquerading as carcinoma gall bladder. 2477 45

A 16-year-old Japanese girl with a huge 13-cm-diameter tumor in the pancreas head presented with life-threatening symptoms and findings including severe anemia, obstructive jaundice, duodenal stenosis, and serious portal vein compression. She underwent a pancreatoduodenectomy with combined resection of the portal vein. Reconstruction of the portal vein was successfully performed using an external iliac vein graft and postoperative anticoagulant therapy. Pathological examination revealed a solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, but her menstruation ceased for 14 months. She is now alive with no evidence of recurrence 100 months postoperatively and she suffers no impairments in daily activities of life. As a treatment of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas, pancreatoduodenectomy combined with portal vein resection is rarely performed in adolescent patients, but is reportedly successful, with patients tolerating the operation and surviving without recurrence. An aggressive surgical attitude is recommended when dealing with this tumor type with curative resection, even in adolescent patients.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up after pancreatoduodenectomy with portal vein resection for a huge solid pseudopapillary neoplasm in an adolescent girl. 2516 30

Obstructive jaundice, weight loss, and anorexia often raise a concern for pancreatic malignancy. Although pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most common form of pancreatic cancer, not all pancreatic malignancies are exocrine in origin. With advancement in endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration, it has become easier to make correct diagnosis. Plasmacytoma of pancreas is a solitary tumor of plasma cells and it can also lead to the same clinical presentations. Immunohistochemistry is required to make the diagnosis of plasmacytoma. However, when there are other systemic manifestations, such as hypercalcemia, renal injury, and anemia, a diagnosis of multiple myeloma should be suspected and confirmed by cytology or biopsy. It is very important to differentiate plasmacytoma from multiple myeloma as the management for each is different. Herein, we describe a case of multiple myeloma presenting as a pancreatic plasmacytoma causing obstructive jaundice.
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PMID:Biliary Obstruction due to a Pancreatic Plasmacytoma. 3025 70

Aortitis results from aortic inflammation, frequent causes being infections and rheumatological disorders. The authors report the case of a 33-year-old black male with recent arterial hypertension, who presented with recurrent abdominal pain, jaundice, anorexia, weight loss and diarrhoea. Laboratory work-up was compatible with inflammatory anaemia and obstructive jaundice, while abdominal imaging revealed a dilated biliary tract, no visible gallstones, cephalic pancreatic globosity and aortic thickening. Pancreatic aspirate was negative for malignant cells, bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The jaundice spontaneously subsided and the pancreatic globosity improved over time. Following positive PPD and IGRA, isoniazid was started. However, follow-up investigations revealed a severe bulbar stenosis with intense eosinophilic infiltrate, multiple non-necrotizing granulomas, and thoracic and abdominal aortitis not previously recognized. Immunological profile (ECA, ANCA and IgG4), eggs and parasites in stool samples were negative. The multisystemic disease, with an insidious and migrating behaviour, gastrointestinal and vascular involvement, granulomatous inflammatory response and tissue eosinophilia, raised the suspicion of a parasitic infestation (despite negative screening) or vasculitis. After 7 days of empirical treatment with albendazole and ivermectin, the patient passed a specimen of Ascaris lumbricoides in the stool and improved clinically.
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PMID:Going Round in Circles with a Multisystemic Disease: A Unique Case of Parasitic Aortitis. 3075 49

We report a case of a 5-month-old child who presented with the features of obstructive jaundice, anaemia and had no associated congenital anomalies. The child was suspected to have biliary atresia on hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan and underwent Kasai portoenterostomy. Microscopic examination of the atretic gallbladder revealed islands of mature hyaline cartilage, lymphoid aggregates and fibrosis. There was an abrupt transition between the cartilage and the adjacent stroma. Only rare case reports have documented this finding with hypothesis ranging from metaplasia occurring secondary to the associated chronic inflammation or whether it is a choristoma. These cases need to be documented to elucidate the pathways of occurrence and may lead to have a better and detailed understanding of the disease process.
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PMID:Hyaline cartilage at porta hepatis in extrahepatic biliary atresia: metaplasia or choristoma. 3252 5


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