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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anemia is estimated to affect half the school-age children and adolescents in developing countries. The main causes are parasitic infections, malaria, and low iron intake. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of anemia, parasitic infections, and nutritional status of children attending public primary schools in Aracaju, Northeast Brazil. Of 360 students, 26.7% were anemic, and prevalence was higher in children under 8 and over 15 years of age. Overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 42%, with Ascaris lumbricoides (28.7%), Trichuris trichiura (15.6%), and hookworm (1. 7%) most frequently found. There was an association between parasitic infections and poor sanitary conditions, but there was no association between anemia and presence of intestinal parasites. Height-for-age Z scores were lower than the NCHS standard, and prevalence of stunting was 5.4%. Although intestinal parasites were not associated with anemia, children with parasites had lower nutritional indices (weight- and height-for-age Z scores) than those without parasites.
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PMID:Anemia and intestinal parasitic infections in primary school students in Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. 1040 94

Parasitic infections are prevalent in Thailand. The parasites' relationship with anemia and eosinophilia has been rarely reported due to limited health care access, especially in rural areas. We studied the prevalence and relationship between eosinophilia, anemia and parasitism in 169 Thai-Karens from Mae Lamung and Mae Chan subdistricts, Umphang district, Tak Province, using an automated complete blood counter, and microscopic examination for intestinal parasites and microfilaria. In Mae Chan, 5 individuals were microfilaremic, 72% of individuals examined were infected with at least one kind of intestinal parasites, and 50% were anemic, with normal mean red cell volume (MCV). In Mae Lamung, 46% were parasitized (Triteeraprapab et al, 1997) but none were microfilaremic or anemic. In both populations, eosinophilia was prevalent (77%). Hookworm infection was found to be significantly associated with eosinophilia, but not anemia nor microcytosis of red cells.
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PMID:Eosinophilia, anemia and parasitism in a rural region of northwest Thailand. 1043 62

We investigated the prevalence of peripheral blood abnormalities, parasitic infestation, and hepatitis virus infection, by using the results of the primary screening health checkups for 423 students (male: 317, female: 106, average age +/- SD: 34.2 +/- 5.5 year-old) from abroad. Most of them were from Southeast Asia, Africa, Central and South America, and other developing countries in tropical or subtropical areas. Thalassemia-like hematological disorders, showing microcytic peripheral red blood cells without any anemia, were seen in 7.6 percent of the students, and intestinal parasites were revealed in 12.7 percent of them. The positive rate for anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies (84.3%) and the exposure rate of hepatitis B viruses (35.3%) were similar to previous reports. Compared with the positive rate for anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCVAb) of students from other regions (1.5%), a significantly high seropositivity for anti-HCVAb was encountered in Egyptian participants (21.1%). In recent years, population shifts and rapid transportation have facilitated the spread of certain infectious diseases from endemic to non-endemic areas. International preventive strategies, education of people regarding infectious diseases, and sufficient medical staffs for this purpose are urgently recommended.
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PMID:[Implication of health checkups of students from developing countries in Japan]. 1051 90

The prevalence of intestinal parasites and their relations to anaemia and nutritional status among school children aged 6-11 years in Gaza was studied. The target area is overcrowded with improper sewage disposal system and low socioeconomic levels. Anaemia was assessed by haemoglobin level (Hb) and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements including weight for age (WA), weight for height (WH) and height for age (HA). Intestinal parasites were found to be prevalent in Gaza. The overall prevalence was 24.5%. Giardia lamblia (62.2%) was the most common parasite detected particularly in age group 6-7 years, followed by Ascaris Iumbricoides (20.0%), then Entamoeba histolytica (18.0%). Parasitosis was generally declining with older age groups for both sexes. In general, the prevalence of anaemia was more common in the younger children. Malnutrition was found to be prevalent among children. Infected children of age group 8-9 years showed higher incidence of low WA than non infected ones. The prevalence of stunting and wasting among infected children of the youngest group was greater than that observed for controls. Regarding sex, no specific trend that relates the prevalence of anaemia with sex. Malnutrition was more prevalent among females than males.
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PMID:Intestinal parasites in relation to haemoglobin level and nutritional status of school children in Gaza. 1094 98

Foreign adopted children and children of asylum applicants and refugees, newly arrived in Denmark, often have lived under conditions that make the following diagnostic considerations relevant: scabies, lice, impetigo and fungal skin infections, nutritional iron deficiency or bleeding, anaemia caused by hook worms in the gastrointestinal tract, malaria, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, HIV infection and various intestinal parasites. Haemoglobinopathies including sickle cell anaemia and talassaemia should also be kept in mind in anaemia. Immigrant children are admitted to hospital approximately twice as frequently as Danish children but with the same diagnoses apart from some increased frequency of psychological and behavioural disturbances and talassaemia.
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PMID:[Diseases among refugee and immigrant children]. 1110 68

This cross-sectional study evaluates the pre-employment health status of job applicants, based on prevalence estimates of abnormal laboratory test results, clinical diagnosis, and a physician-signed fit-for-work assessment, which is mandatory in Brazil. The study population was a random sample of 1,237 male workers selected from medical records (1988-1996) from an Occupational Medical Center located in Salvador, the capital of Bahia State, Brazil. The data were from a single pre-employment medical assessment for each individual. The most common diseases were intestinal parasites (51.7%), anemia (12.8%), and hypertension (12.7%). Drivers showed a high prevalence of overweight (38.2%) and hypertension (16.2%). In addition to work-related risks and diseases, occupational hygiene and safety programs need to address prevailing illnesses and risk factors, which in this population are typical of poor living conditions. Special attention should to be given to drivers, who are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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PMID:[Morbidity among job applicants in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil]. 1124 33

The study was conducted among school going children (6-14 years) of Baiga, Abuihmadia and Bharia tribes of Madhya Pradesh to assess the prevalence of anaemia and intestinal parasitic infestation among themselves. A total of 776 school going children were included in the study of whom blood samples of all and stool samples of 409 were collected. Their haemoglobin was measured and stool samples were examined under microscope for ova and cysts. The results revealed that 30.3% of the children had severe anaemia (Hb < 7g/dl) and 50% children had intestinal parasites. The most common parasites were hookworn (16.3%) and A lumbricoides (18.5%). Though hookworm ova loads indicated mild to moderate infestation in most of the children, the continued presence of worms in marginally nourished children could contribute significantly to blood loss in the intestine with resultant anaemia.
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PMID:Prevalence of anaemia and worm infestation in tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh. 1129 91

A comparative study was carried out to identify the prevalence of anemia, nutritional indices and intestinal parasitic infestation in primary school children. The target population included 209 pupils aged 6-11 years, attending schools in two areas, Rimal area (urban) and Jabalia village (rural), in Gaza Governorates. Prevalence of intestinal parasites was high in Jabalia village (more than 53%) in comparison to Rimal area (33%). The main intestinal parasites were Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis and Ascaris lumbricoides. Polyparasitism frequency is higher especially in rural area. In both areas anemia showed a high prevalence in children due to malnutrition and intestinal parasitic diseases. There was no association between intestinal parasitic infestation and children growth, but there was association between anemia and intestinal parasitic infestation in children, particularly in rural area. The correlation between anemia and mixed infestation reaches a highly significant level.
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PMID:Intestinal parasites infestation and anemia in primary school children in Gaza Governorates--Palestine. 1184 71

During 1970-1973, a study was done on the Serer, a Senegalese tribe known to have difficulty in adapting to new situations. The study was done by the World Health Organization and the University in Dakar to determine the health differences, if any, of those still living in their rural environment and those residing in the city. 262 adults were surveyed in the rural area of Niakhar and 225 Serer natives living in the urban area of Dakir were also surveyed. Questionnaires were prepared dealing with sociodemographic, biomedical, mental health, housing and hygiene data. It was found that urban dwellers tended to be younger than their rural counterparts. There was also a greater percentage of Serer women who live in the city. Education was higher among those who lived in Dakar with male urban dwellers having a 13% higher ratio than women. Serer men who live in the city tend to socialize more with other groups while women mixed poorly saying that other cultures had "doubtful morality." Women who moved to Dakir trusted modern medicine, while urban dwelling men believed both in modern and folk medicine. 3 areas of medical concern were studied: precursors to heart disease, anemia, and infectious diseases. Little difference was observed between rural and urban populations for precursors to heart disease. Anemia was common in the rural area for both sexes. More malaria, intestinal parasites and tuberculosis were found in rural households. In regard to mental health, depression and anxiety are approximately the same for urban and rural dwellers while psychiatric syndrome, cerebral syndromes and personality disorders do appear more frequently in urban dwellers. The authors discuss the practical implications of their study and suggest further research that can be done to extend their analysis.
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PMID:Migrants' health and adjustment to urban life--Senegal. 1226 63

Prenatal administration of iron and folate can prevent nutritional anemia and boost the hemoglobin of those who are already anemic, strengthening women for delivery and building their resistance against infection. Regular screening is needed, since women with more than mild anemia need additional treatment. Ideally a woman should have a hemoglobin level of at least 110 g/l by the time of delivery. Many lack the iron stores they need for pregnancy, delivery, and lactation. Yet prenatal administration of oral iron supplements could give them higher hemoglobin levels and adequate stores. Folate deficiency is less important as a cause of anemia than lack of iron, but folate needs are increased by malaria, thalassemia, and sickle cell disease. Malaria causes severe complications in pregnancy, and studies from sub-Saharan Africa report malaria parasite rates 30-40% higher in primigravidae than in nonpregnant women. Persistent infection increases the level of anemia. Where intestinal parasites are common, anthelmintic drugs should be routinely given to all pregnant women. The transmission of HIV by blood transfusion makes it more urgent to prevent anemia and avoid the need for blood transfusions. According to a WHO document in southern Asia, 75% of pregnant women are anemic compared with 17% in Europe and North America. In Africa, 50% of pregnant women are anemic, as are 39% in Latin America and 71% Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand). Moderate anemia (70-109 g/l) is estimated to be present in 25-33% of pregnant women, with the highest prevalence in Southern Asia, Oceania, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Surveys show that from 3-7% of women suffer from severe anemia 70 g/l), which carries a high risk of death from heart failure. In pregnant women, even the relatively small blood loss associated with a normal delivery can result in death.
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PMID:Anaemia -- the weak get weaker. 1228 38


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