Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case is described of a young woman with Crohn's disease of the rectum and terminal ileum in whom systemic lupus erythematosus syndrome was diagnosed after 3 yr of symptoms and 4 yr treatment with sulfasalazine. Polyarthralgias and pleuritic chest pains resolved and leucopenia, anemia, and high titers of antinuclear and DNA antibodies returned to normal after withdrawal of the drug. No HLA antigen association was found but a slow acetylation phenotype was present. Consideration should be given to this complication of sulfasalazine therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in whom arthropathy or other features of lupus syndrome appear after treatment is instituted.
 ...
PMID:Sulfasalazine-induced lupus syndrome in a patient with Crohn's disease. 612 17

Six patients with severe watery diarrhoea were found to have microscopic total colitis. None had any abnormality detectable by conventional tests used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease-namely, barium radiology and endoscopy. The diagnosis could only be made by microscopic examination of biopsy specimens from the apparently normal colon. Anaemia, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hypokalaemia, and hypoalbuminaemia were common findings. Small-bowel function was normal in all, though three patients had jejunal lesions of uncertain relevance but seemingly unrelated to the diarrhoea. The five patients given anti-inflammatory drugs showed a satisfactory response with improvement of the diarrhoea and colonic inflammation and return to normal of the abnormal laboratory findings. Microscopic colitis is responsible for a proportion of cases of intractable diarrhoea of obscure origin and rectal and colonic biopsies sould be undertaken in such cases.
 ...
PMID:Microscopic colitis-a cause of chronic watery diarrhoea. 612 51

Multifocal idiopathic stenosing enteritis has been described as a relapsing disease affecting the small bowel. The main anatomical characteristics are multiple non-specific inflammatory strictures. Six cases (4 men, 2 women) presenting this disorder were followed up for 3 to 22 years. Five patients were young. Iterative obstruction or chronic diarrhea and loss of weight were the outstanding clinical features. Hyposideremic anemia and protein-losing enteropathy were common. The anatomical substrate was numerous (2-19) short annular strictures situated in the ileum (75 p. 100). These strictures presented shallow ulcerations and underlying fibrosis which never extended beyond the submucosa. The small bowel wall was otherwise normal and did not show mucosal or vascular abnormalities at microscopic examination. In case of relapse, strictures developed distal to or in close contact with previous suture lines. Cultures for pathogenic bacteria were constantly negative. The natural history of these 6 cases and of 7 other previously published cases suggests that this disease is an autonomous disorder which must be differentiated from other inflammatory bowel disease entities such as Crohn's disease or tuberculosis.
 ...
PMID:[Multifocal cryptogenetic stenosing enteritis: an autonomous entity?]. 652 38

A review was made of 139 fiberoptic colonoscopies performed between 1975 and 1982 on 113 patients aged 1 month to 20 years. General anesthesia was used in four procedures. All others were done under sedation with meperidine (mean dose 2.9 mg/kg) and diazepam (mean dose 0.5 mg/kg). Indications were rectal bleeding in 52 patients; assessment and surveillance of known inflammatory bowel disease in 33 patients; and diagnostic evaluation of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and/or fever in 28 patients. The cecum was reached in 84% of diagnostic examinations. Comparison of findings on colonoscopy with barium enema in 75 patients showed agreement in 46, colonoscopic superiority in 25, and barium enema superiority in four. Bleeding sufficient to cause anemia was seen in 10/26 patients with polyps. Five minor complications and no major complications occurred. Flexible fiberoptic colonoscopy and polypectomy may be done usefully in childhood by physicians well versed and experienced with these procedures. Colonoscopy and biopsy changed the radiographic diagnosis from ulcerative colitis to Crohn's disease in several cases and indicated greater extent of colonic disease in several cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy is usually the most sensitive and accurate diagnostic tool for the evaluation of colonic disease, but barium enema and colonoscopy are complementary tests and barium enema should usually precede colonoscopy, with certain exceptions.
 ...
PMID:Colonoscopy in childhood. 671 14

While the prevalence of iron deficiency has remained relatively constant, there has been continuing refinement in its laboratory recognition, especially with the recent introduction of serum ferritin and FEP measurements. It is helpful to classify iron deficiency into three stages. Storage iron depletion is identified by marrow examination or serum ferritin, iron deficient erythropoiesis by TS, FEP, or MCV, and iron deficiency anemia by hemoglobin concentration or therapeutic iron trial. Combinations of these measurements have been used in prevalence studies to obtain a quantitative measure of body iron stores. The optimal laboratory approach to diagnosing iron deficiency depends on the clinical setting. In the office or outpatient clinic, iron depletion is best recognized by the serum ferritin, although the TS, FEP, and MCV are helpful in gauging its severity. In hospitalized patients with overt anemia, the TS, FEP, and MCV are much less helpful because similar changes are seen in the anemia of chronic disease. Examination of marrow iron remains the method of choice, especially in patients with infection, chronic disease, malignancy, or liver disease, although in many clinical situations the same information can be obtained from a serum ferritin. Serial measurements of serum ferritin have been particularly useful in monitoring patients at high risk of iron deficiency such as those with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, or chronic renal failure.
 ...
PMID:Clinical evaluation of iron deficiency. 676 40

High temperatures, night sweat, chest pain, cough and dyspnoea suddenly occurred in a 54-year-old patient. The serious disease was accompanied by variable pulmonary infiltrations. Chemical pathology showed maximally increased sedimentation rates, slight leucocytosis and anaemia. Complete serology was negative. The occurrence of large intestinal ileus required laparatomy and after commencement of treatment with steroids the overall state improved, pulmonary symptoms disappeared, and radiographically demonstrable infiltration were clearly regressing. Histology revealed presence of acute ulcerative colitis. Lung infiltrates probably represented extraintestinal manifestation of the chronic inflammatory bowel disease. In contrast to experience from the literature lung infiltrations in this case preceded clinical manifestations of the underlying disease.
 ...
PMID:[Bronchopulmonary infiltrates in chronic inflammatory bowel disease]. 686 56

The examination of the colon in its entirety is accomplished best and most economically by roentgenologically. The author stresses the two most common but separate methods for colon examinations: the full column method of low density barium sulfate suspension and the air contrast examination. The contraindications to the examination are discussed as well as the preparation for the examination, the drugs that are used, the equipment, plain films, the full column technique, the air contrast technique, barium suspensions, drainage of the rectum, other details, and an evaluation of selecting the best radiographic method. Also, discussed is the critical review of the radiograms, fluororscopy, and the high risk group of patients that should have a primary air contrast colon examination. This latter group of patients are those with the following findings: 1) rectal bleeding for any reason or a history of bleeding; 2) polyps on endoscopic examination; 3) previous history of polyps or carcinoma; 4) a strong family history of polyps or carcinoma; 5) patients over 40 years of age; 6) a change in bowel habits, weight loss, unexplained anemia, previous uretero-sigmoid anastomosis, long standing inflammatory bowel disease, hemoccult positive stools, or other signs, on the basis of which the clinician or radiologist should have an index of suspicion for carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:[The colon examination (author's transl)]. 739 99

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)-deficient (IL-2-/-) mice develop anemia and colonic inflammatory bowel disease. To elucidate the mechanism of this disease, we have bred IL-2-/- mice to two strains of immunodeficient mice, RAG-2-deficient (RAG-2-/-, lacking B and T cells) and JH-deficient mice (JH-/-, lacking B cells). IL-2-/-, RAG-2-/- double-mutant mice are disease free, while IL-2-/-, JH-/- double-mutant mice succumb to bowel disease at the same rate as IL-2-/- littermates. IL-2-/-, JH-/- mice do not, however, succumb to anemia. Thus, spontaneous intestinal inflammation in IL-2-/- mice requires mature T cells, not B cells, while anemia is dependent on B cells.
 ...
PMID:T cells, but not B cells, are required for bowel inflammation in interleukin 2-deficient mice. 759 26

The anaemia of chronic disease is the second most common anaemia in the world and is an underproduction anaemia with relatively low erythropoietin (EPO) values for the degree of the anaemia. This anaemia occurs with inflammation, infection, or malignancy and a principle question has been whether it would respond to recombinant human EPO (r-HuEPO). Several studies are now available to answer this question. In one study 12 of 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving r-HuEPO increased their haematocrits 6 percentage points or more and 11 of 12 reached normal haematocrits. Investigations of the effect of r-HuEPO on the anaemia of AIDS showed that patients with EPO levels of 500 U/L or less had an increase in the mean haematocrit of 4.6 percentage points with a decrease in red cell transfusions from 5.3 to 3.2 units per patient. Quality of life indices significantly improved in responders. When 413 patients with anaemia due to a wide variety of malignancies were randomized to r-HuEPO treatment, 58% of those receiving chemotherapy increased their haematocrits by at least 6 points over 12 weeks. Quality of life parameters of responders also significantly improved. Anaemia in three patients with inflammatory bowel disease also responded in 8-14 weeks to r-HuEPO and two of the three reached normal haemoglobin levels. It is clear that r-HuEPO can correct the anaemia of chronic disease and can improve the quality of life of responders.
 ...
PMID:Erythropoietin and the anaemia of chronic disease. 764

Colonic dilatation has been reported as an occasional complication of infectious colitis in single case reports and short series, but no large series has been published. We analysed 19 cases of self-limited colitis complicated by colonic dilatation, with infective agents identified in 14, admitted to a Regional Infectious Diseases Unit. Colonic dilatation, defined as a minimum transverse colonic diameter of 7 cm on plain abdominal X-ray, was associated with approximately 1% of cases of notifiable diarrhoea requiring hospital admission. The clinical course was associated with pyrexia (in 90%), tachycardia (in 90%), hypoalbuminaemia (in 100%), anaemia (in 84%) and reactive thrombocytosis (in 63%). There was a history of antidiarrhoeal agents or opiate analgesia in eighteen patients (95%). Intensive medical management, consisting of intravenous antibiotics, steroids, supplementary nutrition and withdrawal of anti-motility agents, resulted in resolution in 17 patients. Two patients required subtotal colectomy for perforation of the transverse colon, but neither developed severe peritonitis, and both subsequently underwent reversal of ileostomy. With early recognition and close observation of colonic dilatation in patients with acute diarrhoea, most cases can be successfully managed conservatively with preservation of the colon. Surgical intervention should be considered in patients with progressive colonic dilatation despite intensive medical management. There were no clinically useful parameters distinguishing self-limited colitis from inflammatory bowel disease acutely, so initial management should cover both possibilities.
 ...
PMID:Dilatation of the colon complicating acute self-limited colitis. 814 Feb 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>