Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-two of 1242 patients with M components were found to have lymphoma. There were 33 patients with immunoglobulin M(IgM), 20 WITH IgG, 5 with IgA, and one patient with Bence Jones protein M components. Three patients had biclonal gammopathy. The types of lymphoma were: lymphocytic, 31; histiocytic, 12; mixed cell, 4; stem cell, 2; Burkitt's, 1; Hodgkin's disease, 9; and unclassified, 3. All patients were in stages III or IV of lymphoma, and the average duration of disease was 29.3 months when M components were detected. Anemia, abnormal peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lymphomatous involvement of the bone marrow were especially common among patients with IgM M components. Osteolytic lesions were found in 12 patients and osteosclerotic lesions in one. A second malignancy occurred in eight patients. The level of M component was below 1.0 gm/dl in 55 per cent of patients. Significant suppression of normal immunoglobulin levels in the serum was noted in 4 and 16 patients with IgG and IgM components, respectively. Bence Jones proteinuria was found in 19 per cent, cryoglobulinemia in 11 per cent, and cold agglutinins, all of anti-i specificity, in 10 per cent of the patients. Most of the M components decreased during therapy. Only two M components gradually increased. The mean survival of 39 patients who died was 10.4 months. The living patients have been followed for a mean period of 21.2 months. The presence of M components in lymphoma may suggest B cell origin of the tumor but the coexistence of plasma cell dyscrasia cannot be ruled out.
 ...
PMID:M components associated with lymphoma: a review of 62 cases. 82 10

Methyl-CCNU, a compound with marked antitumor activity against the solid Lewis lung tumor in mice, was submitted to a preclinical pharmacologic evaluation. The toxicity of a single iv infusion was tested in 37 beagle dogs and 21 rhesus monkeys. The minimum lethal dose (LD) in dogs was 14 mg/kg and five of six dogs died within 7-10 days after treatment from hematopoietic toxicity with neutropenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and concomitant sepsis. Metaplasia of the intestinal epithelium also occurred. Thrombocytopenia was not observed. Dogs treated with 9.27-1.56 mg/kg exhibited reversible neutropenia and lymphopenia but survived without severe morbidity or histopathologic lesions. In monkeys, interstitial nephritis was the treatment-limiting toxicity and three of six monkeys treated with 45 or 30 mg/kg died, became moribund, or exhibited severe renal histopathologic lesions. One monkey treated with 45 mg/kg had degeneration of the testes. Survivors exhibited reversible toxicity and no histopathologic lesions. Treatment with doses as low as 7.5 mg/kg caused reversible neutropenia, lymphopenia, and anemia. The largest nontoxic dose for a single iv infusion was 3.12 mg/kg (62.40 mg/m2) for the dog and 3.75 mg/kg (45 mg/m2) for the monkey. These and earlier observations showed that methyl-CCNU had approximately one third the toxicity of CCNU. Methyl-CCNU also did not cause the delayed hepatic toxicity which is characteristic of CCNU treatment in the dog.
Cancer Treat Rep 1976 Oct
PMID:Methyl-CCNU: preclinical toxicologic evaluation of a single iv infusion in dogs and monkeys. 82 19

A total of 481 cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) presented in the literature have been reviewed. Ten additional cases from this hospital have been added. One etiological factor, methysergide, has been implicated in 12.4 percent of cases, but the majority remain unexplained. Characteristically, the patient will be male (2:1 ratio), in his 50's (30.9 percent), with vague lower back pain (34.2 percent) or possibly flank pain (34.0 percent). Physical examination usually will be unrevealing. The patient's serum chemistry probably will show some degree of azotemia (55.4 percent) and perhaps anemia (13.6 percent). The intravenous pyelogram characteristically shows bilateral hydroureteronephrosis (67.6 percent) or unilateral hydroureteronephrosis (20.3 percent) associated with medial deviation of the ureter due apparently to external compression of the ureter. Methysergide should be discontinued if implicated. Laparotomy for ureteral compression characteristically will reveal a dense, rubbery plaque in the retroperitoneum. Generous frozen section biopsies show fibrosis, usually with some chronic inflammation, suggestive of RPF. Careful inspection of retroperitoneal nodes and liver may reveal the presence of malignancy in 7.9 percent of patients. In the absence of malignancy, the ureters should lyse fairly freely and peristasis may return. If no malignancy is present on permanent sections of biopsy material, the patient can be given a fairly optimistic prognosis (cumulative mortality rate, 9 percent). Suboptimal improvement probably is an indication for steroid therapy and surgical re-exploration may become indicated. In these cases further search for malignancy should be undertaken.
 ...
PMID:The clinical significance of retroperitoneal fibrosis. 84 63

The clinicopathological signs of renal failure induced in rats by weekly i.v. administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) were prevented by pretreatment with furosemide. Weight loss, anemia, and generalized toxic effects of the drug were not effected by furosemide.
Cancer Res 1977 Apr
PMID:Prevention of renal failure in rats receiving cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) by administration of furosemide. 84 49

BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous ADJ-PC5 myelomas had hematologic findings suggestive of a preleukemic syndrome: thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukocytosis, and megakaryocytic hyperplasia. Six BALB/c myelomas were successfully transplanted sc by fragments or cell suspensions of spleens from mice bearing a subcutaneous tumor, though typical myeloma cells were difficult to visualize by light microscopy in these spleens. The fidelity of transmission of the ADJ-PC5 myeloma by this procedure was shown by the retention of idiotypic specificity of the immunoglobulin produced by the tumor in a radioimmunoassay. The tumorigenic cell that homed to the spleen was apparent as early as 8 days after sc transplantation of the myeloma. The spleens of tumor-bearing mice, however, could destroy or suppress the expansion or growth of a limited number of cells that had migrated to the spleens. Tumorigenic cells present in the peripheral circulation constituted 2-3% of the leukocytes. These cells, however, had reduced levels of the murine myeloma viral and cell-associated antigens, were difficult to detect by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, and did not rapidly divide in this environment, as indicated by the very low number of cells detected by autoradiography.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Apr
PMID:Circulating tumor cells in murine myeloma. 84 99

Twenty-five patients with inoperable carcinoma and lymphoma were given pyrazofurin (pf) by iv bolus at a dose level ranging from 100 to 300 mg/m2 of estimated body surface area. In addition, five patients with acute leukemia were given PF by infusion at doses ranging from 250 mg/m2/24 hours to 1500 mg/m2/144 hours. PF was well tolerated by most patients at doses of 100 mg/m2 given as an iv bolus weekly or 250 mg/m2 given every 2-3 weeks. However, an infusion of 750 mg/m2 given over a period of 72-120 hours to leukemic patients resulted in severe but reversible toxicity; 1500 mg/m2 of PF given over a 144-hour period to one patient resulted in the development of severe mucocutaneous toxicity and leukopenia. The patient died of hemorrhagic pneumonitis. The major toxic effects observed were mucosal (oral pain, cheilosis, redness, and oral and lip ulcers), cutaneous (erythema, erosion, and bullae), and hematologic (anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia). The mucosal manifestations appear to be the dose-limiting toxic factors in most patients. Toxic reactions were more pronounced in patients who had previously received radiotherapy; dose-limiting hematologic toxic reactions occurred in four. After treatment with PF, one of the four patients with breast carcinoma had a partial response (greater than 50% regression) lasting 5 weeks. Another patient with breast carcinoma improved for about 1 month.
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Initial clinical study with pyrazofurin. 87 39

A 26-year-old man, acutely ill with fever, anemia, and hepatomegaly, was found to have an epidermoid carcinoma by percutaneous needle biopsy of a left apical lung mass. Following resection of the necrotic tumor, fever, anemia, and hepatomegaly disappeared. The patient is alive with no evidence of cancer 30 months later.
 ...
PMID:Operable lung cancer associated with fever, anemia, and hepatomegaly. 87 50

The kinetics of erythroblast proliferation were studied by means of quantitative 14C-autoradiography in 5 patients showing anemia due to infection or malignancy, in 7 patients suffering from iron deficiency anemia, and in two individuals with bleeding enemia. Compared with a group of 5 healthy persons a markedly reduced turnover of erythroblasts was found in the anemia due to infection, malignancy, and iron deficiency, whereas this turnover was normal or increased in the case of bleeding anemia. The reduction is caused by a progressively decreasing rate of erythroblast proliferation and maturation with advancing development into mature cells. No indications of a change in the number of cell divisions were found in the anemia of infection, malignancy, and of iron deficiency, nor was there evidence of an intramedullary death of nucleated red cell percursors. The imbalance between production and loss of red cells causing anemia shows a different pattern in the 3 groups of disease: In bleeding anemia the insufficiency of supply is not yet apparent from the rate of erythroblast turnover giving weight to the factor of blood loss. In anemia due to infection, malignancy, and iron deficiency the but moderately increased rate of red cell destruction cannot be compensated because of several impairments: The rate of erythroblast turnover is reduced, and, in addition, a moderate portion of maturing cells is destroyed, probably at the reticulocyte stage. As the most significant factor, the bone marrow is unable to compensate the anemia by an effective erythroblast hyperplasia. In iron deficiency this hyperplasia is inadequately low, in infection and malignancies, however, it is more or less missing.
 ...
PMID:[Erythropoiesis in iron deficiency]. 88 Mar 76

The purpose of this study was to further clarify the pathophysiology of anemia in malignancy. To accomplish this end a total of 210 normal or splenectomized rats with or without the solid form of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma was studied. In vivo studies demonstrated that in stage I cancer (tumor weight less than 10% of body weight) a slightly shortened red cell survival resulted in a mild degree of anemia. With increasing tumor size, 51Cr red cells mass decreased further, in spite of extramedullary erythropoiesis and a slightly increased incorporation transferrin-bound iron into red cells. Splenectomized rats with stage II cancer developed a more profound degree of anemia associated with a significantly decreased incorporation of 59Fe into red cells. Marrow cell culture studies demonstrated that heme synthesis in response to erythropoietin in stage I cancer was not significantly different from normal, but in rats with stage II cancer (tumor weight greater than 10% of body weight) heme synthesis in response to erythropoietin was markedly decreased. In vitro studies demonstrated that plasma erythropoietin levels were appropriately increased in most rats with transplanted malignancy. These studies indicate that bone marrow heme synthesis in response to erythropoietin is impaired in rats with the anemia of advanced malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Pathogenesis of anemia in rats with Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. 89 4

Thirty two patients with malignant lymphoma - mainly Hodgkin's disease - were randomized for simultaneous treatment by high doses of metenolone during MOPP chemotherapy, to reduce its hematological toxicity. The results have shown surprisingly an increased hemato-toxicity in patients receiving androgens, with significantly more marked anemia and thrombocytopenia, reducing the total doses of anti-cancer drugs. This side effect could be explained by a cycling of the hematopoietic stem-cells and call to some caution when androgens are used during cancer chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[Increased hematological toxicity of antineoplastic drugs with simultaneous androgenotherapy (author's transl)]. 90 54


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>