Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Statistical analysis of 361 cases of primary leukemia induced in outbred Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and 7,8,12-trimethylbenz[a]anthracene (TMBA) showed that the incidence of trisomy of chromosome No. 2 was significantly lower with TMBA (17.8%) than with DMBA (29.3%). This tendency was reproducible in both sexes. Another characteristic chromosome abnormality, long No. 2, was found in 10 cases (2.8%). Quinacrine fluorescence analysis revealed that cells with No. 2 trisomy or either of two types of long No. 2 had total and partial No. 2 trisomy, respectively. Other chromosome members of cells with long No. 2, as well as the chromosomes of cells with typical No. 2 trisomy and "normal diploid" leukemia cells, revealed no band abnormality. The phenotype of No. 2 trisomy, severe anemia of the hosts reported in DMBA-induced leukemias, was also noted in leukemias with TMBA-induced No. 2 trisomy but not in leukemias with long No. 2.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Jan
PMID:Reproducible chromosome changes of polycyclic hydrocarbon-induced rat leukemia: incidence and chromosome banding pattern. 41 46

One hundred ten hospitalized patients with hemoptysis were reviewed to identify factors that would characterize those with malignancy and to evaluate the usefulness of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) in the diagnosis of hemoptysis. Seventy patients underwent FB. This procedure was diagnostic in 22/28 (79 percent) of the carcinoma patients and in 26/42 (62 percent) of the patients with a nonmalignant cause of hemoptysis. The following three characteristics indicate a high probability of malignancy: 1) age greater than 40 years, 2) any abnormality on the chest roentgenogram, 3) hemoptysis lasting greater than one week. If any of these factors are present, FB should be done. Other factors to be considered include presence of anemia, weight loss, persistent cough, long smoking history and risk of bronchoscopic complications.
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PMID:Selection of patients with hemoptysis for fiberoptic bronchoscopy. 44 78

Small bowel leiomyosarcomas are uncommon but potentially curable tumors often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Twenty such lesions were studied, and 19 of these produced symptoms and signs. Clinical findings included abdominal pain in 17 (85%), rectal bleeding in 8 (40%), anemia in 7 (35%), intraperitoneal perforation in 6 (30%), and abdominal mass in 4 (20%). Various abdominal x-ray examinations revealed nonspecific abnormalities (ileus, bowel obstruction, abdominal mass) in about half the cases in which they were obtained, but in only one instance was the correct diagnosis of small bowel tumor made preoperatively. Five of 12 patients undergoing resection in hope of cure survived five years. These tumors tend to metastasize by hematogenous dissemination, peritoneal implantation, local invasion, and, uncommonly, lymphogenous spread. Wide small bowel resection with adjacent mesentery is suggested for most lesions. Five year survival following resection approximates 50% in reported series.
Cancer 1979 Jul
PMID:Leiomyosarcomas of the small intestine. 45 59

The pattern of amphotericin B toxicity was assessed retrospectively in a group of 20 children with cancer who had received one or more courses of the drug for treatment of systemic fungal infection. Azotemia was the most frequent complication, developing during 23 of 24 treatment courses. Other major toxic effects, in decreasing order of frequency, were anemia, hypokalemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. Infusion side effects, including drug-related fever, chills, and nausea, were also frequently seen. Seventeen of 20 patients were treated for disseminated histoplasmosis. Nineteen of 20 patients had acute leukemia. Although interaction with other agents could not be excluded, amphotericin B appeared to be the major causative agent for the toxic reactions noted. In no patient, however, was administration of amphotericin B stopped because of drug toxicity.
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PMID:Toxicity of amphotericin b in children with cancer. 46 22

One hundred consecutive patients with hemoglobin concentration less than 3.5 g/dL (hematocrit reading, less than 10%) were admitted to the University of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Iraq, during a 30-month period. Twenty-eight patients had aplastic anemia, 27 had leukemia or other hemopoietic malignancies, 16 had chronic renal failure, eight had iron-deficiency anemia, eight had hemolytic anemia, seven had thalassemia major, and six had other conditions. Twenty-three patients died within seven days of admission, mostly due to the underlying disease or complications thereof. Heart failure developed in ten patients, and five had retinal exudates and hemorrhages attributed to severe anemia. Arrhythmias and ECG abnormalities were noted in 20 of 68 patients. Blood transfusion was instituted in all but three patients, whose anemia was corrected with specific therapy without blood transfusion. The tolerance of the 100 patients to such severe anemia was remarkable.
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PMID:Severe anemia. Clinical observations in 100 patients with very low hemoglobin levels. 47 23

We have described a 51-year-old patient with unresectable mesenteric giant lymph node hyperplasia of the plasma cell type, severe systemic manifestations, and profound anemia. Supression of erythropoiesis may have been related to the presence of a circulating erythropoietic inhibitor produced by the lymphoid tumor. Markedly elevated titers to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen suggest that this virus may be important in the etiology of the abnormal lymphoid proliferation. The marked clinical response and decrease in the size of the tumor following irradiation suggests that radiation therapy may be an alternative form of treatment for similar patients with unresectable lesions.
Cancer 1979 Aug
PMID:Remission of giant lymph node hyperplasia with anemia after radiotherapy. 47 62

Eighty-eight patients with hormone-resistant Stage IV prostate cancer were treated with a five-drug chemotherapy program. Patient demographic data, prior therapy, symptoms, extent of disease, and laboratory studies were analyzed statistically to evaluate the association of these parameters with survival from the onset of chemotherapy. Factors associated with short survival included age greater than 65, severe bone pain, poor performance status, presence of soft tissue metastases, anemia, elevation of serum LDH, SGOT, alkaline and acid phosphatases, and prolactin, and hypoalbuminemia. Race, stage at initial diagnosis, prior radiation therapy, prior orchiectomy, and elevation of CEA had no prognostic association. We suggest that clinical trials of new therapies of hormone-resistant prostate cancer take into account the presence of these prognostic factors in the analysis of the results of therapeutic programs.
Cancer 1979 Aug
PMID:Prognostic factors in metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate. 47 83

The etiology of anemia in cancer is not fully understood. A possible cause of the anemia of tumor-bearing animals could be a decreased activity in the enzymes of the heme-pathway. We report the enzyme activity of porphobilinogen-synthetase in the liver of Yoshida sarcoma-bearing rats. PBG-synthetase activity in the whole liver, is higher in tumor-bearing rats than in controls, although the enzyme activity by a gram of wet liver is decreased. Hence PBG-synthetase activity is not a limiting factor in the biosynthesis of heme in tumor-bearing animals.
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PMID:PBG-synthetase activity in the liver of Yoshida sarcoma-bearing rats. 48 94

Seventy-two malignant and 19 benign tumors were seen at the Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois, from 1950 to 1976. Of these, 44 malignant and 14 benign tumors were seen in the clinical setting--the remainder were found at autopsy. Carcinoid tumors were the most common malignant tumors, followed by adenocarcinoma, lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. Patients with malignant tumors usually presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and weight loss. The most common clinical signs were anemia, abdominal tenderness and abdominal distention. The most useful diagnostic tests were upper GI series and plain x-ray of the abdomen. Twenty-one (50%) five year survivals and 14 (33%) ten year survivals were obtained with small bowel malignancies. The majority of the five and ten year survivals were patients who had carcinoid tumors and lymphoma. Various theories on the causation of small bowel malignancies are discussed.
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PMID:Primary tumors of the small intestine. 50 46

Recently developed techniques for the investigation of iron kinetics were used to study the disturbance of iron metabolism in 19 untreated patients with Hodgkin's diseases (HD). The erythroid abnormality in newly diagnosed HD appears to be confined to those patients with systemic symptoms of weight loss, night sweats and fever, and consists of depression of marrow erythroid activity. These patients had a significnatly lower haemoglobin and serum iron concentration and a higher serum ferritin concentration, both when compared to normal subjects and to those patients with HD who lacked systemic symptoms. Ineffective erythropoiesis and red-cell destruction were not significantly increased. The present findings, confirm that HD patients with systemic symptoms have a depression of erythropoiesis, and that in these patients the marrow fails to respond to the stimulus of mild anaemia.
Br J Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Erythropoiesis and iron metabolism in Hodgkin's disease. 50 65


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