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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An additional case of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica inversa is reported. A review of the literature shows that until now reports about probably 15 patients from seven families were published, although the first 13 patients were not investigated by electron microscope [3]. By blistering beneath the basal lamina similar to the Hallopeau-Siemens type these patients develop bullae predominantly at the trunk and the inverse sites of the axillar and genitoanal regions continuously or at close intervals starting shortly after birth. The mucous membranes of the mouth, the esophagus, and the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye are very often involved. By bacterial infection of the skin lesions the patients develop hpochrome anemia. The web-like structures in the esophagus following blistering can be successfully treated by careful dilatation because of the low tendency to scar formation. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance seems to be most likely.
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PMID:[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica inversa, a review and case report]. 23 90

As a rule bacterial infection is followed by acute serum iron reduction; impaired inflow of iron from storage sites into the transport pool represents the main cause. As a consequence of this sort of iron redistribution iron becomes short for red cell production; this is one cause for the development of anemia. The biological significance of hyposideremia may be presumed from the bacteriostatic potential of iron free transferrin, preventing adequate iron acquisition by multiplying microorganisms. Preliminary animal experiments support this concept and suggest that it might also be applied to true iron deficiency.
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PMID:[Iron deficiency in infection]. 36 3

Complications are the major causes of illness and death after burning and most of them stem from the burn wound. Their origin and importance are reviewed with emphasis on problems and growing points in knowledge. Fluid leakage from the circulation into the burn is the cause of hypovolemic shock, but the underlying permeability changes in the burn are only partly understood. Other nonbacterial complications include acute cardiac failure, acute anemia, hemolytic jaundice, renal failure, encephalopathy, complex hypermetabolic effects including pseudodiabetes, gastric and duodenal ulceration, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, pulmonary and glomerular microthrombosis, hepatic jaundice, and arterial thrombosis. Involvement of the airway in conflagrations carries special hazards like glottic edema and inhalation of irritant fumes. Nowadays, bacterial causes are dominant and these remain the main challenge. Bacterial infection and invasion of the burn are usually responsible for septicemia, bronchopneumonia, and pyelonephritis although other sources also contribute. Indirect manifestations of septicemia include paralytic ileus, acute gastric dilatation, toxic myocarditis, and some cases of renal failure. Therapeutic complications like agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and colitis occur at times. High concentrations of oxygen given therapeutically can produce fatal aseptic hypoxic pneumonitis.
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PMID:A review of the complications of burns, their origin and importance for illness and death. 44 73

Ten episodes of Torulopsis glabrata fungemia occurring in nine patients with terminal illnesses are described. Eight patients had underlying malignancies and one patient had a plastic anemia. Two episodes of fungemia were considered transient since they were clearly related to the administration of intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH). Most patients were adult women and had solid tumors of the genitourinary tract. Contributory factors were: antibiotic therapy (100%), immunosuppressive drugs (75%), abdominal surgery (63%), IVH (50%), neutropenia (38%), and diabetes mellitus (13%). The clinical course was indistinguishable from a severe bacterial infection. However, endotoxic shock was not observed. The infection was rapidly fatal in four patients. In the remaining five patients, the infection was altered favorably by the discontinuation of infected intravenous hyperalimentation catheters. However, tissue invasion by T. glabrata was found in two of these patients who died shortly thereafter from tumor progression. At autopsy, T. glabrata was identified in tissue sections of the lungs, kidneys, and mucosas of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. In all cases there was tissue necrosis with a minor inflammatory response consisting of mononuclear cells. To our knowledge, this is the single largest series of T. glabrata fungemia ever reported.
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PMID:Fungemia due to Torulopsis glabrata in the compromised host. 82 17

Chicks aged 15 days were infected orally with Salmonella gallinarum. During the six-day period immediately following infection the absorption of 59Fe from the gut fell progressively to be eventually about half that in noninfected chicks. This reduced uptake was accompanied by a shift in the distribution of the 59Fe absorbed, more occurring in the spleen and less in the liver and blood. During the eight-day period that immediately followed infection in another experiment, serum iron concentration on day 4 and 6 in infected chicks was significantly lower than that in noninfected birds. In the infected chicks also the transferrin saturation was significantly lower and the unsaturated ironbinding capacity higher, on days 4, 6, and 8 after infection. These findings show that there is a major disturbance in iron regulation in acute systemic bacterial infection in the immature fowl and suggest that the mild anaemia which occurs in chicks during acute S gallinarum infection a shortage of iron in the body.
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PMID:Altered absorption and regulation of iron in chicks with acute Salmonella gallinarum infection. 87 34

Forty-four patients who had sickle-cell anemia were examined to evaluate the reliability and usefulness of the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test. The patients with sickle-cell anemia in painful crisis with bacterial infection often had low percentages of NBT reduction or negative results. The NBT test did not differentiate well between sickle-cell anemia with bacterial infection and without bacterial infection.
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PMID:Nitroblue tetrazolium test in patients with sickle-cell anemia. 119 Jan 22

A retrospective review of pregnancy outcome in hemoglobin (Hbsc) patients managed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a 5-year period (1984-1988) was carried out. The main antenatal complications included anemia (51.2%), bacterial infection (22.0%), bone pain crisis (7.3%) and preeclampsia (2.4%). Intrapartum complications included anemia (29.2%), bone pain crisis (12.2%) and pseudotoxemia (4.9%). The maternal and perinatal mortality rate were 48 and 195 per 1000, respectively. The duration of labor and operative delivery rate were not different from the general population.
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PMID:Pregnancy in hemoglobin sickle cell patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. 135 49

End-stage renal disease is characterized by enhanced susceptibility for infectious diseases, carrying an important risk of morbidity and mortality. In the host's defense against bacterial infection, a central role is played by phagocytic ingestion of bacteria, followed by their destruction after metabolic production of oxygen free radical species. Our studies have concentrated on the energy delivery by the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) to NAD(P)H-oxidase, the enzyme responsible for free radical production. This evaluation was realized by measuring, in whole blood, the CO2 produced from standard quantities of radiolabeled glucose, with data normalized for the number of polymorphs in each sample. Our studies indicate that: (1) glycolysis is disturbed in uremic outpatients from a SCrea of 6 mg/dl and a CCr of 15 ml/min; (2) similar functional disturbances are found in pre-dialysis blood samples of hemodialyzed patients; (3) this functional disturbance is further intensified during dialysis with cuprophan, which is not the case for non-complement activating dialyzers; (4) the response is especially suppressed towards Staphylococcus Aureus, the bacterial species responsible for the majority of infections in uremia; (5) that functional disturbances are mainly related to uremic toxicity, dialyzer membrane bio(in)compatibility, and uremic anemia. Biochemical disturbances in PMNL, induced by a multifactorial patho-physiologic process, may therefore be related to the enhanced incidence of infection in uremic patients.
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PMID:Polymorphonuclear cell function and infection in dialysis. 140 86

The author investigated during a 15-year period 27 children with spherocytic haemolytic anaemia. In 20 children the disease was familial. The initial symptoms were jaundice and anaemia. In six children the disease was manifested by severe neonatal jaundice and in four an exsanguination transfusion was made. Of five older children three were at first treated for infectious hepatitis. The anaemic syndrome was in the foreground of the clinical picture in 16 children, incl. 10 where it was present already in infant age. In 24 children splenectomy was performed, usually after the age of 6 years. For prophylaxis of bacterial infection the splenectomized children were given penicillin preparations for a period of three years. The OPSI syndrome was not recorded.
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PMID:[Long-term clinical experience with spherocytic hemolytic anemia in children]. 146 87

We evaluated diagnostic utility of the hematological, biochemical and serological tests comprised in the "essential laboratory tests" advocated by the Japan Society of Clinical Pathology in 1,026 new patients visiting the outpatient unit of Comprehensive Medicine, National Defense Medical College. Of 750 evaluable patients, 52 showed anemia associated with such conditions as ulcer or cancer of digestive tract, inflammatory disease, or renal failure. Leukocytosis (greater than 9,000/microliters) was found only in 25 of 112 CRP-positive (greater than 0.3 mg/dl) patients, suggesting bacterial infection. Forty-four patients showed hypoproteinemia and/or hypoalbuminemia indicating chronic conditions including liver and inflammatory disease. Elevation of serum creatinine level was found in 4 patients subsequently diagnosed with renal failure, whereas 32 patients demonstrated elevated BUN. After application of the "essential laboratory tests", 97 patients were diagnosed with hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol greater than 230 mg/dl and/or triglyceride greater than 250 mg/dl). Determination of serum enzyme activity was useful not only for the diagnosis of liver dysfunction or biliary tract disease but also for those of hematological malignancies or myogenic disorders; however, in patients with abnormal values of LDH, gamma-GT and ALP, clinical significance was not clarified in 53%, 38% and 59%, respectively. These results indicate that the "essential laboratory tests" are useful in the following aspects of primary care medicine: for (1) estimation of the degree or nature of infection or inflammatory status; (2) classification of anemia and its relation to underlying diseases; (3) evaluation of patient general condition and protein-producible function of liver; (4) evaluation of renal function; (5) ambulatory screening for metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia; and (6) diagnosis of liver and biliary tract diseases.
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PMID:[Laboratory tests in primary care medicine: "essential laboratory tests" (2). Usefulness of hematological, biochemical and serological tests in diagnosis of new outpatients]. 159 65


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