Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002736 (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
 19,048 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human peripheral blood and tonsil lymphocytes were fractionated on anti-Ig-coated Sephadex columns or by centrifugation after rosetting with native sheep erythrocytes. Both methods allowed the recovery of B and T-enriched populations the purity of which was checked by fluorescein-labelled anti-Ig serum, E and EAC rosette formation, and heterologous antisera specific for B or T lymphocytes. The proliferative response of T cells to PHA, Con A, PWM, and ALS was not found different from that of unfractionated cells, whereas no response of the B cells could be observed to these mitogens providing that no contaminating T cells were present. Addition of T lymphocytes to these unresponsive B cells allowed them to respond to phytomitogens, but not to ALS. X-irradiated T cells could, to some extent, replace the diving T lymphocytes; no T-replacing factor could be found in cell-free supernatants from T cells, whether or not they had been activated by mitrogens. This model of B-T cooperation appears useful for studying the differentiation and maturation of human B lymphocytes.
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PMID:T-dependence of human B lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens. 108 30

Some aspects of the mechanisms by which antilymphocyte serum, its globulin fraction, or phytohaemagglutinin act to reduce the stem cell content of murine haemopoietic tissues were studied, using the method of clonal proliferation of stem cells in the spleens of lethally irradiated (830R) mice. The transplants were treated in vitro with ALS, ALG or PHA for 30 min. at 37 degrees C. Direct treatment of spleen or bone marrow cells with ALS or PHA resulted in pronounced inhibition of the colony-forming capacity of haemopoietic tissues in syngeneic irradiated recipients. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the concentration of ALS or PHA. It was found that the inhibition of CFC with ALS was mediated by lymphoid cells: bone marrow CFC were reduced after 30-min incubation at 37 degrees C with syngeneic lymph node or thymus cell pretreated with ALG and washed free of its excess. It was further demonstrated that ALG-treated thymocytes released, upon 30-min. incubation at 37 degrees C, some material capable of inhibiting bone marrow CFC. No release was observed with PHA-treated thymocytes. Some properties of the active supernatants are described and it is suggested to designate the observed inhibitory activity as Stem-cell Inhibitory Factor.
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PMID:Inhibition of haemopoietic stem cells by syngeneic lymphocytes treated with antilymphocyte serum. 110 Apr 42

Rabbit anti-guinea pig lymphocyte serum is an efficient stimulus of the synthesis of DNA by guinea pig lymph node cells in vitro. The ability of ALS to stimulate lymphocytes is characterized by its lack of dependence on prior sensitization, the magnitude of the response it elicits, and the stimulation of all sensitive lymph node cells simultaneously within a very narrow range of ALS concentrations. In contrast to this homogeneous response to ALS, the stimulation of lymph node cells by antigen proceeds in graded fashion over a wide range of concentrations, thus reflecting the heterogeneity of the response of sensitized cells to antigen. PHA gives a response which is intermediate between that of ALS and antigen. ALS appears to have specificity for membrane determinants shared by lymphocytes but not found on other tissues. This specificity does not involve cell-bound gamma globulin. The serum activity mediating lymphocyte stimulation as well as cytotoxicity is readily removed by absorption with lymph node cells.
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PMID:A quantitative study of the stimulation of DNA synthesis in lymph node cell cultures by anti-lymphocyte serum, anti-gamma globulin serum, specific antigen, and phytohemagglutinin. 417 52

Incubation of murine spleen cells, or enriched T-cell populations, with the T-cell-dependent polyclonal mitogens Con-A or PHA resulted in a dose-dependent increase in 45Ca2+ uptake. This effect was observed after a delay of about 30 to 60 min, reached a maximum after 2-4 h and lasted up to 6 h. Similarly, the calcium ionophore A23187 caused an increased Ca2+ uptake, although this was faster, occurring within a few minutes, reaching a maximum at 15 min and lasting for about 2-4 h. No change in Ca2+ uptake was observed using a specific B-cell mitogen (lipopolysaccharide) or B-cell preparations. Nifedipine, a calcium channel-blocking agent, inhibited activation of lymphocytes in a primary immune response (mixed lymphocyte reaction and formation of plaque forming cells in vitro) but was unable to interfere with proliferating cell lines or a secondary immune response. Incubation of Con-A-activated lymphocytes with the immunosuppressive agent CS-A caused an additional increase in calcium uptake, whereas no change in calcium uptake was observed when resting lymphocytes or B-cells activated by LPS were incubated with cyclosporin. A similar potentiation of Con-A-induced calcium uptake was seen with hydrocortisone, but not with cytostatic agents or anti-lymphocyte serum. Submaximal calcium uptake induced by the ionophore A23187 was potentiated by CS-A and hydrocortisone as well as by cytostatic agents and ALS.
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PMID:Cyclosporin A (Sandimmun) modulates the Ca2+ uptake of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes. 644 37