Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002453 (amenorrhea)
 6,245 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Female bonnet monkeys Macaca radiata (n = 8, four per group) were immunized with purified 55 kDa glycoprotein from porcine zona pellucida (ZP3) and ZP3 conjugated to the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta hCG) using adjuvants permissible for human use (alum, muramyl dipeptide and sodium phthalyl derivative of lipopolysaccharide). The animals were monitored for anti-ZP3 antibody titres, biweekly progesterone concentrations, menstrual cyclicity and status of fertility. All the animals generated a good anti-ZP3 antibody response, continued to have ovulatory cycles, remained infertile in the presence of high anti-ZP3 antibody titres and showed no disturbance in cyclicity (except summer amenorrhoea). Examinations by laparoscope showed normal ovaries with developing follicles or corpora lutea on the surface. Fifty per cent of the animals conceived after a decline in antibody titres. Ovaries of animals that failed to regain fertility were examined for changes in morphology at times when anti-ZP3 antibody titres in the circulation were low and following a booster when titres were high. None of the ovaries showed any sign of inflammation or lymphocytic infiltration. Follicles at different stages of development were seen in all of the ovaries. No significant reduction in the number of follicles, except in one monkey (MRA 178), was observed. There was no increase in the numbers of atretic or degenerating follicles. The results showed that ZP3 immunization with permissible adjuvants could be used for immunocontraception without obvious ovarian changes.
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PMID:Antifertility effects of porcine zona pellucida-3 immunization using permissible adjuvants in female bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata): reversibility, effect on follicular development and hormonal profiles. 752 78

Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy, in mice, of synthetic peptides derived from zona pellucida (ZP) glycoprotein in blocking fertility without ovarian dysfunction. This study used bonnet monkeys (closely related to humans in the primate evolutionary tree and less susceptible to summer amenorrhea than rhesus monkeys) to explore the design of an immunocontraceptive vaccine based on synthetic peptides, recombinant glycoproteins, or proteins corresponding to ZP. Immunization of female monkeys with pig ZP3 glycoprotein using adjuvants permissible for human use produced infertility. Although only half the animals conceived after antibody titres declined, monkeys that failed to conceive did not show any obvious ovarian changes. Mapping of the epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies against ZP3 alpha and beta and possessing contraceptive efficacy in vitro identified an N-blocked decapeptide from the N-terminus corresponding to 23-32 amino acids of the precursor protein of pig ZP3 beta. When DNA encoding bonnet monkey ZP3 was cloned and sequenced, the deduced primary amino acid sequence showed a 93.9% similarity with human ZP3. Bonnet monkey ZP3 corresponding to an internal 975 nucleotide fragment excluding the N-terminus signal sequence and the C-terminus transmembrane domain has been expressed in Escherichia coli.
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PMID:Strategies for designing an immunocontraceptive vaccine based on zona pellucida synthetic peptides and recombinant antigen. 898 75