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Query: UMLS:C0002453 (amenorrhea)
 6,245 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This analysis pertains to an examination of fertility trends, differences, contraceptive use, and fertility preferences in Bangladesh. Data were obtained from the 1969 National Impact Survey of Family Planning; the 1975 and 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Surveys; and the 1983, 1985, and 1991 Contraceptive Prevalence Surveys. Age specific fertility rates (ASFR), current pregnancy rates, and the mean number of children ever born (CEB) are the estimated fertility measures. The P/F ratios show a significant fertility decline since 1983. Total marital fertility declined from 7 births in the 1960s to 5.2 in the late 1980s. The average number of CEB declined from 4.3 in 1969 to 3.7 in 1991. The percentage of pregnant women declined from 13.3 to 10.6. The ASFR declined primarily among older married women. Fertility declined among all groups including landowners and landless, the educated and the uneducated, rural and urban populations. The extent of decline varies by group. The total marital fertility rate (TMFR) declined more for the educated and the urban populations. Chittagong region had the higher fertility regardless of the period. TMFR was lower among contraceptive users compared to nonusers. The increase in contraceptive use was from 4 to 40% between 1969 and 1991. The following factors affected the extent of fertility decline: contraceptive use, reduced child mortality concomitant with extended lactation and amenorrhea, increased malnutrition, and/or improvements in child survival. Fertility was depressed under conditions of increased poverty, which may stimulate contraceptive use and lead to malnutrition and subfecundity. The higher Chittagong fertility pattern is not explained by regional comparisons of pregnancy wastage, stillbirths, and induced abortion. Desire for no more children increased from 46 to 58% during 1969-91. The average preferred family size is declining. High density and deep-seated poverty explain fertility decline in regions other than Chittagong. Demand for contraception may increase with increases in family planning home visits and educational opportunities.
Asia Pac Popul J 1993 Dec
PMID:Reproductive change in Bangladesh: evidence from recent data. 1231 42

This study examined determinants of fertility in Bangladesh. Data were obtained from the 1993-94 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey among a nationally representative 2-stage sample of 9640 ever-married females aged 10-49 years. Findings indicate that the age-specific marital fertility rate was highest among women aged 15-19 years. The total fertility rate was 3.44 births/woman in 1993-94 and 5.12 births/woman in 1989. The interval between marriage and first birth declined more for younger cohorts. The proportion of women who had a child within 5 years increased. Over 60% were married under the age of 14 years. The proportion currently married has remained stable since 1981. The number of those never married has increased, especially among women aged 15-19 years. 44.6% of currently married women used family planning; 36.2% used modern methods and 8.4% used traditional ones. Prevalence was highest for the pill, followed by female sterilization. 48% of infants were breast-fed on the first day. Breast-feeding duration averaged 30 months. Duration of postpartum amenorrhea averaged 12 months. 0.5% reported induced abortion. Analysis of proximate determinants indicates that contraception accounted for 39.0% of fertility decline; lactational infecundability accounted for 34.7%. Marriage patterns accounted for 23.9%. The fertility inhibition of contraception varied by religion. Contraception had the highest impact among higher educated, upper class, urban, and non-Muslim women. Lactational infecundability had the highest impact among poor, nonworking, illiterate, and non-Muslim women.
Asia Pac Popul J 1998 Sep
PMID:Fertility and its proximate determinants in Bangladesh: evidence from the 1993/94 Demographic and Health Survey. 1232 6

For cervical cancer cases with a low risk of relapse who wish to maintain their fertility, radical trachelectomy is an alternative to radical hysterectomy. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging is recommended before surgery, with laparoscopic assisted lymphatic dissection required for assessment of lymphatic metastasis. If there is a visible lesion in the cervix, the specimen taken during trachelectomy should be sent for frozen section. The complications of radical trachelectomy are chronic vaginal discharge, irregular vaginal bleeding, dysmenorrhea, ulceration, amenorrhea and cervical stenosis. The probability of cervical cancer recurrence with a lesion of similar size is comparable with radical trechelectomy and radical hysterectomy. Two thirds of pregnancies after trachelectomy lead to live births of which approximately 40% of them are healthy. However, the probability of second trimester abortion and pre-term labor is greater than in the general population. Because of the possibility of uterine arterial injury in short cervix, vaginal delivery should be avoided and a cesarean operation in 37-38th week is recommended. Adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy followed by radical trachelectomy is a suitable option for larger lesions. On the other hand, conization or simple trachelectomy are more proper approaches for very small lesions.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2010
PMID:Conservative treatment in young patients with cervical cancer: a review. 2103 21

Idiopathic intrinsic contracture (IIC) with no history of trauma, ischemia, or spasticity is extremely rare. We report herein a case of impaired extension of the digits due to bilateral IICs occurred in a 30-year-old woman with a past medical history of eating disorder and amenorrhea. Although no previous case has been reported in the literature, eight similar cases of IIC have been presented at Japanese domestic conferences. In these eight cases and the present case, resection of the thenar muscle cords and unilateral resection of the lateral band were effective. Since IIC in patients with an eating disorder is a rare condition, it would be treated conservatively at first as tendon sheath inflammation or locking. However, this condition may be resistant to conservative treatment, and surgical treatment should be considered in such cases.
J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2019 Sep
PMID:Impaired Extension of the Digits due to Bilateral Idiopathic Intrinsic Contracture: A Case Report. 3143 86


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