Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002453 (amenorrhea)
 6,245 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women, its etiology is not entirely understood. Clinical symptoms of PCOS include acne, amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, infertility, and mood disorders, which tend to be the primary focus of clinical management. However, the impact of PCOS on future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk should not be overlooked, and opportunities to implement CVD prevention strategies in these women should be given high priority. The pathogenesis of PCOS commonly involves insulin resistance which leads to several cardiometabolic abnormalities (e.g., dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome), thereby putting women at an increased risk for CVD. Prior studies have found that subclinical CVD markers such as coronary artery calcium scores, C-reactive protein, carotid intima-media thickness, and endothelial dysfunction are more likely to be increased in women with PCOS. While the associations between PCOS and cardiometabolic abnormalities have been well established, whether PCOS is associated with subclinical and clinical CVD, independently of these CVD risk factors, is not entirely clear. Lifestyle interventions and weight management may mitigate some of these future CVD risks and should be encouraged. This review summarizes the literature on PCOS and CVD risk factors and provides recommendations that would aid clinicians in the management of these risk factors.
 ...
PMID:Polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiometabolic risk: Opportunities for cardiovascular disease prevention. 3160 36

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female endocrinopathies. Its symptoms may appear as early as adolescence and may include irregular menstrual periods, amenorrhea, hirsutism and obesity. Regardless of their phenotypic appearance, women with PCOS are metabolically obese. PCOS is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, depression, cardiovascular disease and gynecological cancers. The metabolic disorders in obese women with PCOS are invariably due to insulin resistance, while inflammation, oxidative stress and possible interaction with environmental factors are among the features linking women with PCOS alone to metabolic disorders. The current review aims to highlight the relationship between PCOS and midlife women's health complications.
 ...
PMID:Midlife women's health consequences associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. 3165 37

Women presenting with amenorrhea and elevated serum levels of FSH before the age of 40 may suffer from premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI can be caused by ovarian damage through surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy. Autoimmune disease and genetic causes are also possible causes for development of POI. Since today we have a wide diagnostic arsenal available for patients, all women should be offered extended investigation. It is also important that affected women receive sufficient estrogen supplementation to avoid complications of POI, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and cognitive impairment. Supplementation should be given at least until the normal age of menopause, about 51 years of age. Although the condition is often complicated by infertility, it is important to inform patients that some residual fertility potential may exist in the case of secondary amenorrhea and POI.
 ...
PMID:[Premature ovarian insufficiency - patients are underdiagnosed and undertreated]. 3209 68


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6