Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002063 (alkalosis)
 2,286 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Some kinetic aspects of renal tubular acidification were studied in proximal and distal tubules of the rat kidney by combining stationary microperfusion methods and continuous measurements of luminal pH changes of phosphate or bicarbonate buffers by means of antimony electrodes. The analysis included the measurement of steady-state pH, steady-state buffer concentrations and acidification half-times. From these data, net rates of tubular bicarbonate reabsorption and of H ion secretion were obtained since it was shown that the rate of phosphate acidification provides a realistic estimate of H ion secretion. 2. Experiments were performed in control rats, in animals undergoing metabolic acidosis or alkalosis and in control and acidotic rats receiving the carbonic anydrase inhibitor Diamox. 3. In all experiments, the rates of tubular bicarbonate reabsorption and of phosphate acidification (H ion secretion) were proportional to luminal buffer levels. The changes of luminal acid concentrations followed first-order kinetics. 4. Steady-state transepithelial pH differences were reduced in metabolic alkalosis and after diamox but augmented during metabolic acidosis. 5. Acidification half-times were prolonged in metabolic acidosis and after Diamox but remained similar to control levels in metabolic alkalosis. 6. From the observation that both bicarbonate reabsorption and phosphate acidification are similarly affected by these experimental manoeuvres, it is concluded that H ion secretion plays a key role in both transport processes.
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PMID:Kinetics of luminal acidification in cortical tubules of the rat kidney. 1 36

In experimental and clinical studies the effect of Acetazolamide (Diamox) on acute mountain sickness was investigated. It could be established that Acetazolamide does influence the symptoms, the man effect seems to be a reduction of the respiratory alkalosis, which is found in control persons in high altitudes. Observations made with a group of 25 tourists mountaineering in the Cordilleras (South America) over 24 days in altitudes between 3200 and 6000 m are described. In accordance with other published data the favorable influence of Acetazolamide on acute mountain sickness could be confirmed. Persons taking Acetazolamide were more efficient and better prepared to cope with the extreme situations in high altitude. They also showed to be more resistent to other diseases, which are following the stress in high altitude and are caused by the different climate and food.
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PMID:[Prevention of altitude sickness]. 81 41