Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001577 (adnexitis)
 232 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fundamental and clinical studies were performed by our study group to evaluate the usefulness of the combination (1:1) of imipenem (MK-0787), a carbapenem antibiotic, and cilastatin sodium (MK-0791), an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I, in the treatment of patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections. The following results were obtained. Antimicrobial activities of MK-0787 were tested with inocula of 10(6) cells/ml of organisms isolated from patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections. Peak MIC's of MK-0787 were less than or equal to 0.20 micrograms/ml for S. aureus, less than or equal to 0.20 micrograms/ml for S. epidermidis, 1.56 micrograms/ml for E. faecalis, 0.39 micrograms/ml for E. coli, less than or equal to 0.20 micrograms/ml for K. pneumoniae and less than or equal to 0.20 micrograms/ml for B. fragilis. When 0.5 g/0.5 g of MK-0787/MK-0791 was administered by a 30-minute intravenous drip infusion, maximum concentrations of MK-0787 in all female genital tissues were obtained at the end of the infusion, and Cmax ranged from 9.4 micrograms/g to 17.0 micrograms/g. In addition, the maximum concentration of MK-0787 in pelvic dead space exudate was 13.2 micrograms/ml at 88 minutes after the start of the infusion. The penetration of MK-0787/MK-0791 into female genital tissues and dead space exudate was found to be good and sufficient to cover MIC's against organisms isolated from patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 201 evaluable patients out of a total of 253 patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections. Clinical responses were excellent in 2, good in 181 and poor in 18 patients, and the efficacy rating was 91.0 percent. Efficacy ratings classified by types of infections were 93.2% (82/88) for intrauterine infections, 83.0% (39/47) for intrapelvic infections, 100% (26/26) for adnexitis, 90.0% (18/20) for infections of the external genital organs and 90.0% (18/20) for other infections. Side effects were observed in 6 of the 253 patients; rash in 4, nausea and vomiting in 1 and diarrhea in 1 patient. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 10 of the 253 patients; elevation of GOT, GPT, LDH and Al-P in 1, elevation of GOT, GPT and Al-P in 1, elevation of GOT and GPT in 4, elevation of GPT in 1, elevation of BUN in 1, increase of eosinophiles in 1, decrease of segmented neutrophils in 1 patient.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Study group of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetric and gynecological infections]. 353 68

Aztreonam (AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic, was studied in obstetrics and gynecology with the following results. The tissue concentration of AZT in the female genital organs was relatively high at the portio vaginalis and the cervix uteri followed by at the ovary and the myometrium, but the distribution to the endometrium and the oviduct was a little poor. The concentration of AZT in the pelvic dead space exudate was highest at 2 hours after intravenous injection whereas it was highest at 5 hours after intravenous drip infusion. However, there was no significant difference in the concentration between intravenous injection and intravenous drip infusion and the distribution to the pelvic dead space exudate was relatively good. AZT was clinically administered to pyometra (3 cases), puerperal endometritis (3), adnexitis and endometritis (3), pelvioperitonitis (1), Bartholin's abscess (4) and purulent vulvitis (1), a total of 15 cases with an overall effective rate of 93.3%. AZT was microbiologically effective for Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and K. pneumoniae, but also effective for anaerobes and some Gram-positive bacteria, etc., for which MIC of AZT is high. With regard to safety of AZT, neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were reported.
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PMID:[Preclinical and clinical studies on aztreonam in obstetrics and gynecology]. 383 34

The study group was organized to evaluate the usefulness of cefmenoxime (CMX) injection, a new synthetic cephalosporin, for the treatment of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Fundamental and clinical studies were made by the society and the following results were obtained. 1. The peak distribution of CMX's MIC for E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Bacteroides sp. and Peptococcus sp. isolated from obstetrical and gynecological infections with relatively high frequencies area 0.1, less than or equal to 0.05, 0.2, 3.13, 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, with an inoculation of 10(6) cells/ml. 2. When 1 g of CMX is administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour, the maximum concentrations in various tissues of female genital organs were as follows: 14.2 and 13.2 micrograms/g in ovary and oviduct, respectively, at 1.20 hours after the start of administration, and 16.9 and 26.3 micrograms/g in corpus uteri and cervix uteri, respectively, after 1 hour. As for the transfer to the exudate in the pelvic dead cavity, the peak concentration was 15.6 micrograms/ml after 2.13 hours. 3. In the clinical studies, CMX was given to 258 cases with female genital organ infections and others. As for the clinical effects, with exclusion of 3 cases in which other antibiotics are concomitantly used, responses were excellent in 76 cases, good in 162 cases and poor in 17 cases, among 255 cases in total. The efficacy rate was 93.3%. The efficacy rates by diseases were 97.1% (68/70) for intrauterine infections, 88.8% (79/89) for intrapelvic infections, 98.4% (62/63) for adnexitis, and 100% (23/23) for infections of external genital organs. As for the clinical effects on causative bacteria, the efficacy rates were 100% (19/19) for single infections due to Gram-positive bacteria, 94.8% (55/58) for single infections due to Gram-negative bacteria, and 88.2% (15/17) for single infections due to anaerobic bacteria. And its efficacy rates were 89.6% (69/77) for mixed infection cases. Side effects were observed in 2 cases (0.8%); 1 case with eruption, and 1 case with diarrhea and vomiting. As for abnormal laboratory findings, lower white blood cell count was observed in 2 cases and elevation of the values regarding hepatic functions in 9 cases. All cases were returned to the normal after the completion of the administration. Cefmenoxime showed a satisfactory clinical efficacy and a potent bacteriological effect in treatment of the infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and it has been concluded that cefmenoxime will be useful addition to the antibiotics for the therapy of these infections.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical studies of cefmenoxime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology]. 629 Jul 8

This report concerns the treatment of 250 patients with acute or chronic urethritis or urethro-adnexitis which was caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum or Chlamydia trachomatis. The patients were treated with 2 x 1 g erythromycin daily for a period of 3 weeks and were examined 8 days after discontinuing treatment. The MIC and MBC values against erythromycin were determined in some of the isolated Ureaplasma and Chlamydia strains. For Ureaplasma urealyticum the MIC is approximately 0.5 mcg/ml and for Chlamydia trachomatis approximately 2.0 mcg/ml. The report covers therapeutic responses, the benefit of and reasons for long-term treatment, relapses and patients who did not respond to treatment.
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PMID:Erythromycin treatment of acute and chronic urethritis, prostatitis and colpitis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis. 742 7

Polymicrobial infections with aerobes and anaerobes are common in female genital tract infections. We evaluated the efficacy of an injectable new quinolon, pazufloxacin, using a uterine endometritis model. Rats were infected with a mixed inoculation of Escherichia coli plus Bacteriodes fragilis (MIC of pazufloxacin and ceftazidime: E. coli: 0.05 and 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, B. fragilis: 3.13 and 3.13 micrograms/ml, respectively). After inoculating 10(7) cfu/rat of each organism, pazufloxacin or ceftazidime (10 or 20 mg/kg, respectively, i.v., b.i.d., 3 days) was administered and compared with the nontreated group. The viable cell counts of the uterine corpus and uterine cervix in pazufloxacin-treated and ceftazidime-treated groups were decreased, compared with the nontreated group. The viable cell counts of the adnexa in the pazufloxacin-treated group were significantly decreased, compared with the ceftazidimetreated group. These results suggest that pazufloxacin would be useful for the treatment of polymicrobial infections, especially adnexitis.
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PMID:Therapeutic effects of an injectable new quinolone, pazufloxacin, against polymicrobial infections in the uterine endometritis model. 955 Dec 39