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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion of macrophages is a crucial event that determines the number and function of macrophages at inflammatory sites. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of mesangial cells in the regulation of macrophage adhesiveness. J774.2 macrophages were suspended in serial dilutions of mesangial cell conditioned medium (MC medium) and seeded on plastic tissue culture plates. MC medium did not affect the initial adhesion of macrophages but induced subsequent detachment in a concentration-dependent manner. A similar effect was observed when macrophages were plated on plastic coated with laminin, collagen type IV or Matrigel. The reduced adhesiveness was reversible, and cell viability was unaffected by MC medium, indicating that the effect is not due to cytotoxicity. Conditioned media from fibroblastic, epithelial and endothelial cell lines did not induce macrophage detachment. To identify the active component in MC medium, we examined the involvement of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in the process. Mesangial cells constitutively expressed TGF-beta 1 mRNA, and MC medium contained the active form of TGF-beta 1. Exogenously added TGF-beta 1 induced macrophage detachment in a dose-dependent manner, and an anti-TGF-beta 1 neutralizing antibody partially abolished the activity of MC medium, indicating the involvement of TGF-beta 1 as an active component. Compared to adherent cells, detached macrophages showed reduced mitogenic activity and blunted induction of IL-1 beta and IL-6 in response to lipopolysaccharide. These data demonstrate that TGF-beta 1 is a mesangial cell-derived factor that impairs adhesiveness of macrophages and confers blunted responses to a specific stimulus. These findings suggest one potential mechanism for macrophage clearance from inflamed glomeruli.
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PMID:Mesangial cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta 1 reduces macrophage adhesiveness with consequent deactivation. 884 Feb 72

Adhesion of T cells to fibroblasts activates cells to produce cytokines, either by direct cell contact and/or soluble factors. A cell-associated form of IL-1 beta on fibroblasts might act through a cell contact mediated fashion. To test this hypothesis we analysed the activation of T cells and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) in coculture experiments. Elevated levels of IL-1 beta, secreted by T cells as well as IL-6 and IL-8, mainly produced by HDF, were found in supernatant fluids of cocultured cells. IL-1 beta mRNA expression was induced in T cells as well as in HDF. While in HDF IL-1 beta remained cell-associated, T cells were activated to produce and secrete soluble IL-1 beta and IL-6. IL-1 beta and possibly other soluble factors increased IL-6 production by fibroblasts. These effects could be mainly attributed to CD8+ T cells. Our results suggest, that IL-1 beta, produced as a cell-associated cytokine by human dermal fibroblasts, acts as a juxtacrine molecule to stimulate T cells. Such a cellular cooperation, could be a powerful mediator in inflammatory response and possibly in wound healing.
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PMID:Juxtacrine stimulation of cytokine production in cocultures of human dermal fibroblasts and T cells. 889 38

Major histocompatibility class II molecules (MHC class II), whose biosynthesis and expression by endothelial cells can be induced by gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), play a major role in antigen recognition and subsequent cell-cell interactions involved in the initiation of immune responses. Adhesion molecules such as E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), whose biosynthesis and membrane expression by endothelial cells is regulated by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and TNF), are necessary for the attachment and subsequent extravasation of leukocytes into the surrounding tissue. In the present study, the effects of preformed inflammatory mediators (histamine and serotonin) on the induction and expression of MHC class II, E-selectin, and ICAM-1 molecules by human umbilical vein endothelial cells were examined. Serotonin but not histamine was found to significantly inhibit in a dose-response fashion the induction and expression of MHC class II molecules. Inhibition occurred when it was added 24 h before, at the same time (most effective), or 24 h after IFN-gamma stimulation. No enhancement or stimulation of MHC class II biosynthesis could be detected using moderate or low concentration of either histamine or serotonin alone. In contrast to MHC class II molecules, neither serotonin nor histamine blocked the induction and biosynthesis of E-selectin and ICAM-1 molecules as detected by specific H18/7 and RR1/1 monoclonal antibodies, respectively, using flow cytometry. These findings suggest that serotonin but not histamine can assist in regulating the induction and expression of MHC class II molecules. Failure to block biosynthesis of E-selectin and ICAM-1 induced by TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta indicates the inhibitory effect exerted by serotonin was selective in nature.
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PMID:Differing regulation of major histocompatibility class II and adhesion molecules on human umbilical vein endothelial cells by serotonin. 903 94

This study investigates the hypothesis that the elevation of intracellular cAMP may affect cytokine-induced expression of adhesion molecules on human vascular smooth muscle cells. In cultured human smooth muscle cells from coronary arteries and saphenous veins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), whereas interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) selectively stimulated the expression of ICAM-1. Adenylyl cyclase was stimulated either by the stable prostacyclin mimetic cicaprost or by forskolin. Adhesion molecules were detected by a cell surface enzyme immunoassay and the respective mRNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). Cicaprost as well as forskolin significantly inhibited TNF-alpha- and IL-1 beta-induced cell surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Semiquantitative rt-PCR measurements showed a marked decrease of TNF-alpha- and IL-1 beta-induced mRNA levels of both adhesion molecules after preincubation with cicaprost. The stability of TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression at mRNA and protein level was not altered by cicaprost. The IFN-gamma-induced increase of cell surface expression of ICAM-1 and the respective mRNA levels, however, were not significantly altered by elevation of intracellular cAMP. Basal and stimulated cAMP levels, measured by radioimmunoassay, did not differ in TNF-alpha- and IFN gamma-treated cells. The present results demonstrate that the expression of adhesion molecules on human smooth muscle cells induced by cytokines is differentially modulated by activation of adenylyl cyclase.
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PMID:Regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin-1-beta-induced induced adhesion molecule expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells by cAMP. 940 29

Adhesion molecules are key molecules for inflammatory cardiovascular diseases and are known to be up-regulated by inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of adhesion molecules in the cytokine-induced myocardial dysfunction in vivo remains unclear. This role was examined in our novel canine model, in which chronic treatment of the heart with IL-1 beta-bound microspheres (MS), but not control MS, causes sustained myocardial dysfunction in vivo. The expression of P-selectin (mRNA and immunoreactivity) was more prominent in the IL-1 beta group than in the control group (treated with control MS alone) after MS injection. The extent of neutrophil infiltration and myocardial myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were significantly increased in the IL-1 beta group (P < 0.01). Pre-treatment with SLeX-OS (a novel oligosaccharide analog of sialyl LewisX) or PB1.3 (a monoclonal antibody to P-selectin) prevented the myocardial dysfunction and significantly suppressed the neutrophil infiltration and the increase in myocardial MPO activity induced by IL-1 beta (P < 0.01 each). These results indicate that adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of the cytokine-induced sustained myocardial dysfunction in dogs in vivo.
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PMID:Inhibition of adhesion molecules markedly ameliorates cytokine-induced sustained myocardial dysfunction in dogs in vivo. 999 May 35

Regulation of the adhesion molecules expression by cytokine in vascular endothelial cells was investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were stimulated with cytokines, TNF-alpha (1-250 U/ml) or IL-1 beta (0.1-50 U/ml) for 24 h. HUVEC were also cultured with cytokines, TNF-alpha (100 U/ml) or IL-1 beta (10 U/ml), for 4-72 h, cell surface expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) were detected and quantitated by immunocytochemical methods and computerized imaging analysis technique. Adhesion molecules expression were up-regulated by TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Some significant differences were observed between the effects of cytokines on the ICAM-1 and on VCAM-1 expression. Cytokines might directly induce the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in vascular endothelial cells. Our observations indicate differential functions of the two adhesion molecules during the evolution of inflammatory responses in stroke.
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PMID:Cytokine-induced cell surface expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells in vitro. 1152 54

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) participate in the wound healing process in mammalians. Adhesion of MSCs to endothelium is a key step in the homing of MSCs circulating in the bloodstream to the sites of injury and inflammation. Because endothelial cells (ECs) may become apoptotic under certain pro-inflammatory conditions, we investigated the effects of pro-inflammatory, TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, and pro-apoptotic agents, actinomycin D, cycloheximide, okadaic acid, wortmannin, and staurosporine, on human MSCs (hMSCs) adhesion to ECs. Treatment of ECs with pro-apoptotic agents markedly increased adhesion of hMSCs to ECs. This adhesion correlated with reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibition of NADH dehydrogenases, and release of von Willebrand factor (vWF) by ECs. Treatment of ECs with exogenous vWF also stimulated hMSC adhesion. These data provide evidence that apoptosis of ECs may regulate homing of hMSCs to the sites of tissue injury. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that activation of apoptotic signaling pathways in ECs releases vWF which regulates hMSC adhesion to ECs.
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PMID:Apoptotic endothelial cells demonstrate increased adhesiveness for human mesenchymal stem cells. 1902 68


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