Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to examine the hydrophobicities of 23 urogenital, dairy, poultry, and American Type Culture Collection isolates of lactobacilli and to determine the effect on hydrophobicity of serially passaging the strains in liquid medium. To this end, strains were grown after isolation and identification and then serially passaged up to 20 times. Hydrophobicity was assessed through contact angle measurements on lawns of cells by using water, formamide, methylene iodide, 1-bromonaphthalene, and hexadecane as wetting agents and through measurement of their partitioning in a hexadecane-water system. The hydrophobicities of these strains varied widely, with Lactobacillus casei strains being predominantly hydrophilic and L. acidophilus strains being mostly hydrophobic. For some isolates, serial passaging was accompanied by a clear loss of hydrophobic surface properties, whereas for other strains, cultures became heterogeneous in that some cells had already lost their hydrophobic surface properties while others were still hydrophobic. Adhesion of this collection of lactobacilli to hexadecane droplets in microbial adhesion to hexadecane (MATH) tests was driven by their aversion to water rather than by their affinity for hexadecane, as concluded from the fact that hexadecane contact angles were zero for all strains. Furthermore, adhesion of the lactobacilli to hexadecane in MATH tests occurred only when the water contact angle on the cells was above 60 degrees.
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PMID:Comparison of contact angles and adhesion to hexadecane of urogenital, dairy, and poultry lactobacilli: effect of serial culture passages. 162 24

The epidural space lies between the dural tube and the inside wall of the spinal canal. It contains fibrous tissues which adhere snugly to both walls filling the dead space between them. In the space, there are a large number of venous vessels anteriorly, a little fat tissue posteriorly and nerve roots laterally. The space can be examined clinically by a peridurographic technique in which the epidural space is filled with an iodine contrast medium. In patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IDH), this examination is useful to determine the location of the prolapsed nucleus pulposus and the pathological adherent condition by the filling defect of contrast medium. For the purpose of determining the pathology of the prolapsed nucleus pulposus, peridurographic examinations were performed on 40 patients with IDH and the following results were obtained: 1) The existence and location of the IDH were shown by the peridurograms. 2) Adhesion around the involved and uninvolved nerve roots was shown in proportion to clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Peridurograms in patients with lumbar disc herniations]. 232 82

When platelets are stimulated with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, or ristocetin, they bind soluble von Willebrand factor (vWF). In contrast, platelets adhere to solid-phase vWF without apparent stimulus. This work characterizes the adhesion of washed human platelets to highly purified solid-phase human vWF. VWF (iodine 125-labeled vWF) was demonstrated to bind in a quantifiable fashion to the internal surfaces of glass capillary tubes, saturating at a surface density of 3.0 mg/ml. The multimeric structure of bound vWF was the same as that of normal vWF. Platelets were washed, labeled with indium 111, and resuspended with washed red blood cells (RBCs) in balanced salt solution containing Ca++, Mg++, and apyrase. The washed platelet RBC suspension was aspirated through capillary tubes to which vWF was adsorbed. Adhesion of platelets to adsorbed vWF was directly dependent on the surface density of vWF. Increasing wall shear rate (100 to 5000 sec-1) produced increasing platelet adhesion to maximum reached at 2500 sec-1. Platelets bound to the solid-phase vWF in an irreversible fashion, and, as demonstrated with scanning electron microscopy, they spread on the surface. When used to stimulate the platelets, ADP, thrombin, and ristocetin all increased the platelet adhesion to solid-phase vWF. ADP- and thrombin-stimulated reactions were inhibited by prior treatment of the platelets with 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl adenosine. This inhibitor of ADP binding had no effect on the baseline platelet adhesion reaction (without ADP or thrombin). Adenosine in concentration up to 1 mmol/L failed to inhibit adhesion. The data demonstrate that washed platelets adhere to solid-phase vWF without added agonists, that the reaction is dependent on surface density vWF and wall shear rate, that they bind irreversibly, and that they demonstrate surface spreading. In addition, these platelets can be stimulated to increase their adherence to vWF by using ADP, thrombin, and ristocetin.
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PMID:Adhesion of platelets to purified solid-phase von Willebrand factor: effects of wall shear rate, ADP, thrombin, and ristocetin. 278 16

Apoptosis or programmed cell death occurs in a wide variety of cell types when adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) is denied. Invasion and metastasis by tumor cells involve the loss of normal cell-ECM contacts and require independence from such control mechanisms. We studied whether the immortalized thyroid cell line TAD-2 is a model suitable to investigate thyroid cell-ECM interaction, and we analyzed the role of integrin-fibronectin (FN) interaction in apoptosis. Adhesion, spreading, and cytoskeleton organization in TAD-2 cultured cells were dependent upon integrin-FN interaction. Cell spreading and cytoskeletal organization were coupled to deposition of insoluble FN induced by serum. Expression of integrin-FN receptors was demonstrated by flow cytofluorometry with specific antibodies, and strong integrin-dependent adhesion was demonstrated by attachment assays to immobilized FN. Apoptosis, occurring in different culture conditions, was determined by cell morphology and DNA electrophoretic analysis and quantitated by flow cytometry in propidium iodide-stained cells. Thyroid cells underwent apoptosis in the presence of serum when adhesion was prevented by specific peptides that inhibit integrin binding to FN (RGD-containing peptides) or by coating the culture plates with agar. In serum-free cultures, apoptosis was prevented by insoluble FN immobilized on the plates, but not by soluble FN. These results suggest that the TAD-2 cell line is a good model to study thyroid cell-ECM interaction, that FN, assembled into insoluble matrix, is required for cytoskeletal organization and to prevent thyroid cell apoptosis, and that integrin-mediated adhesion is involved in this process.
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PMID:Fibronectin is required to prevent thyroid cell apoptosis through an integrin-mediated adhesion mechanism. 976 83

This study was designed to study the effect of peritoneal lavage solutions on postsurgical adhesion formation in rats undergoing laparotomy and standardized ischemic injury to the lateral peritoneum with sutures. This reproducible model enabled semiquantitative scoring of adhesion formation. Adhesions were induced in 33 adult female Wistar rats. The solutions RPMI medium, NaCl (0.9%), Viaspan(R) and both povidone-iodine (1%) and chlorhexidine (0.02%) in dilution were evaluated. In the control group that was operated upon (without peritoneal lavage), a mean adhesion percentage of 22.5% was scored. All solutions used for abdominal lavage in this rat model induced significantly (p = 0. 0001) more adhesions (40.6-70.8%). Not all solutions induced an equal effect. The results found in the present in vivo study correlate with observations in previous in vitro experiments i.e. exposure of peritoneal areas to lavage solutions enhances peritoneal activation and thus promotes intra-abdominal adhesion formation.
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PMID:Perioperative lavage promotes intraperitoneal adhesion in the rat. 1021 59

Prevention of intraperitoneal adhesion after gynaecological surgery is essential for maintaining postoperative fertility. In this study, the adhesion prevention effect was examined of a hyaluronic acid (HA) solution obtained from the fermentation method and having a molecular weight of 1.9x10(6) with high viscosity. Laparotomy was conducted on female mice 7 weeks old, whose menstrual periods were synchronized by pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) to injure the uterine horn surface. Intraperitoneal adhesions were favourably formed in 91.7% of cases induced with iodine abrasion, compared with 50% induced by electrosurgery. Intraperitoneal administration of HA was evaluated for its effect on the prevention of adhesions made by iodine abrasion. Adhesion prevention effects of HA were observed at concentrations of 0.3, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0%, among which the most pronounced effect was with the use of a 0.3% solution (92.3% of cases). Compared with the control group adhesion score of 2.0 +/- 0. 8, significant decreases in adhesion scores were observed at all concentrations. HA with a molecular weight of 1.9x10(6) was recognized to have a definitive prevention effect on postoperative adhesions in mice after laparotomy and is considered to be a prospective material for future clinical use.
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PMID:Adhesion preventive effect of hyaluronic acid after intraperitoneal surgery in mice. 1035 61

Mononuclear cell infiltration of the thyroid is a prominent feature of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Adhesion molecules play a major role in determining the localization of inflammatory mononuclear cells in the thyroid. Previous reports from animal models and human studies have described the thyroidal expression of adhesion molecules only late in clinical disease. In this study, we examined the distribution and kinetics of expression of E-selectin, VCAM-1, LFA-1, and ICAM-1 in the NOD-H2h4 mouse, a model of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis accelerated by dietary iodine. Mice were fed 0.015% NaI in their drinking water for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 16 weeks, and thyroids were removed, serially sectioned, and stained in an avidin-biotin-peroxidase assay. We found a dramatic increase in E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression on intrathyroidal endothelial cells after 16 weeks of iodine treatment. In addition, we describe for the first time that thyrocytes from the NOD-H2h4 mouse, and the parental NOD, constitutively express ICAM-1 independent of iodine treatment and prior to mononuclear cell infiltration of the thyroid gland. ICAM-1 was not detected on the thyrocytes of other untreated strains of mice, implicating expression of this adhesion molecule as a critical event in the recruitment of inflammatory mononuclear cells to the thyroid.
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PMID:Adhesion molecules as susceptibility factors in spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in the NOD-H2h4 mouse. 1256 90

There is current concern about bacterial contamination of dental unit waterlines. This research hypothesized that the presence of increasing concentrations of bacteria in water used to wash etched enamel would result in a corresponding decrease in both shear bond strength (SBS) and critical surface tension (gammaC) of enamel. A further hypothesis was made that there is a correlation between SBS and gammaC. The effect of 3.5 ppm iodine in the water as a bacteriostatic agent was also assessed. Five groups of 10 samples of bovine enamel were etched, washed, and a resin composite bonded to them. The control group was washed with distilled water. Another group was washed with the dilute iodine solution. The remaining three groups used a different concentration of Escherichia coli DH5alpha as follows (in cfu mL(-1)): group 1: 10(2); group 2: 10(4); group 3: 10(6). Shear bond strength data were measured on an Instron testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm min(-1). Adhesion data were (MPa): control: 24.6 +/- 6.0; with iodine: 20.8 +/- 2.7; group 1: 19.8 +/- 2.7; group 2: 13.5 +/- 3.0; group 3: 13.9 +/- 3.6. The F-test yielded a highly significant difference between control group, iodine group and group 1, compared with groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.0001). Tukey's Studentized Range Test was used for pairwise comparison testing between groups. Using a Cahn dynamic contact angle analyzer and linear regression analysis, the plots of surface tension versus costheta were extrapolated to costheta = 1 to give gammaC data for the control group and groups 1-3. In all cases reasonable linearity was observed (r2 > or = 0.87). Data (mN m(-1)) were: control group: 50.8; group 1: 45.1; group 2: 43.2; group 3: 39.5. The SBS and gammaC were then plotted against each other and linear regression analysis performed. It was concluded that increasing concentrations of bacteria in wash water decreased both SBS and gammaC and that a linear correlation (R2 = 0.84) was found between the values of these two parameters.
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PMID:The effect of washing water on bonding to etched enamel. 1512 3

Intraoperative irrigation of the peritoneal cavity with scolicidal agents is frequently recommended when dealing with traumatic or spontaneous rupture of hydatid cysts. The present experimental study was designed to examine the influence of various scolicidal agents on adhesion formation and survival. A total of 149 rats were randomly allocated to nine groups. Peritoneal lavage through a median laparotomy was performed with the following scolicidal agents. Group 1 (0.9% saline: controls), group 2 (20% hypertonic saline), group 3 (0.04% chlorhexidine gluconate), group 4 (3% hydrogen peroxide), group 5 (0.5% silver nitrate), group 6 (1% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, or PVP-I ), group 7 (5% PVP-I), group 8 (0.5% cetrimide/0.05% chlorhexidine), and group 9 (10% PVP-I). The surviving animals were sacrificed on postoperative day 15. Adhesion formation was macroscopically graded by the Nair criteria. The severity of adhesion formation was evaluated microscopically using the fibrosing scoring criteria and the strain test. Group 9 (10% PVP-I) was excluded from the adhesion evaluation because all of the rats died in this group. The mortality rate was significantly higher in groups 5 and 7 than in groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8. Adhesion scores were significantly lower in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 than in groups 5, 6, 7, and 8. The lowest adhesion score was found in group 3 and the highest in the group 7. These results indicate that 0.04% chlorhexidine gluconate, the most potent scolicidal agent in vitro and in vivo, was associated with the lowest adhesion formation and mortality among various scolicidal agents in this experimental study.
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PMID:Effects of peritoneal lavage with scolicidal agents on survival and adhesion formation in rats. 1636 3

According to orthopedists' reports, substitution of the original for a generic povidone-iodine (PVP-I) disinfectant could have led to some adhesion problems of antimicrobial incise drapes on the field of operation with the consequence of increasing the infection risk. Three methods have been used to assess the case: (a) a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach quantifying methimazole formation from carbimazole, (b) in vitro adhesion experiments on a smooth glass plate surface and (c) the analysis of intrasurgical procedures. GC-MS results confirmed the higher potency of the original compared to the generic PVP-I. In vitro comparison of the adhesion on a PVP-I-pretreated glass surface showed no difference between the disinfectants and no significant destruction of the adhesive layer. However, due to different surgery preparation procedures, the remaining free skin surface granting sufficient adhesion differed if the intervening surgeon himself or his assistant prepared the field of operation. As a conclusion, the original PVP-I disinfectant is confirmed as the first-choice disinfectant for the field of operation. Adhesion problems were arising with new surgical staff and thus different preparation procedures. Exchanging PVP-I disinfectants cannot explain the adhesion problems of drapes and antimicrobial incise foils on the skin.
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PMID:Assessment of povidone-iodine disinfectant compatibility with antimicrobial incise drape and adhesion inhibition on the skin using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry approach. 1649 Sep 77


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