Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peritoneal adhesions were created in rats by brisk scrubbing of the terminal part of the ileum. Adhesions were graded by total number and the presence of small bowel obstruction. Adhesion prophylaxis was evaluated using dexamethasone, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, promethazine hydrochloride, and human fibrinolysin (Thrombolysin) in various combinations, doses, and routes of administration. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, depending on the route of administration, modified the total number of adhesions but did not modify their severity when compared to control animals. Promethazine by itself modified peritoneal adhesions in the rat. Used together, methylprednisolone and promethazine also modified adhesions, but were not substantially better than the combination of dexamethasone and promethazine. Methylprednisolone, promethazine, and human fibrinolyzin, when used in combination intraperitoneally, virtually eliminated adhesion formation.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of peritoneal adhesions in the rat. The effects of dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, promethazine, and human fibrinolysin. 12 75

The adhesion of artificially generated lipid membrane vesicles to Chinese hamster V79 fibroblasts in suspension was used as a model system for studying membrane interactions. Below their gel-liquid crystalline phase transition temperature, vesicles comprised of dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL) or dimyristoyl lecithin (DML) absorbed to the surfaces of EDTA- dissociated cells. These adherent vesicles could not be removed by repeated washings of the treated cells but could be released into the medium by treatment with trypsin. EM autoradiographic studies of cells treated with[(3)H]DML or [(3)H]DPL vesicles showed that most of the radioactive lipids were confined to the cell periphery. Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy further confirmed the presence of adherent vesicles at the cell surface. Adhesion of DML or DPL vesicles to EDTA-dissociated cells modified the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination pattern of the cell surface proteins; the inhibition of labeling of two proteins with an approximately 60,000- dalton mol wt was particularly evident. Incubation of cells wit h (3)H-lipid vesicles followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that some of the (3)H-lipid migrated preferentially with these approximately 60,000-mol wt proteins. Studies of the temperature dependence of vesicle uptake and subsequent release by trypsin showed that DML or DPL vesicle adhesion to EDTA- dissociated cells increased with decreasing temperatures. In contrast, cells trypsinized before incubation with vesicles showed practically no temperature dependence of vesicle uptake. These results suggest two pathways for adhesion of lipid vesicles to the cell surface-a temperature-sensitive one involving cell surface proteins, and a temperature-independent one. These findings are discussed in terms of current models for cell-cell interactions.
 ...
PMID:Adhesion of phospholipid vesicles to Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Role of cell surface proteins. 40 33

Starch-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages (STpMAC) plated on plastic demonstrate the adhesive properties typical for activated pMAC: attaching as round cells and, within 15 min, spreading out with marginal membrane ruffles. These attached STpMAC were labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalysed 125I surface iodination, sodium dodecyl-sulfate-lysed, and the lysates electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels which were examined by autoradiography. The STpMAC morphological phenotype correlates with the labeling of a particular protein (195,000, estimated mol wt). Normal pMAC (NpMAC), from unstimulated mice, do not spread and do not display the 195,000 band. Both pMAC band patterns, including the 195,000 band, are relatively resistant to trypsin digestion, as is pMAC adhesion itself trypsin-resistant. Neither class of pMAC exhibits fibronectin (Cell Adhesion Factor, LETS protein) which is a component in the adhesive matrix of cells forming trypsin-sensitive monolayers. When pMAC are tested against antifibronectin antibody, these cells do not give immunofluorescent staining. In summary, two functions in pMAC adhesion, enzyme resistance and the ability to spread, appear related to molecular properties distinctive for pMAC surface protein.
 ...
PMID:Identification of macrophage external membrane proteins and their possible role in cell adhesion. 70 74

Platelet adhesion under static and flow conditions from a washed platelet suspension containing albumin to a polymer deposited by radio-frequency glow discharge of allylamine vapour on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate was measured. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis was used to characterize the surface. Fibrinogen adsorption from a series of dilute plasma solutions to radio-frequency glow discharge/allylamine, measured using 125I radiolabelled baboon fibrinogen, increased with decreasing plasma dilution to a level much higher than that previously observed on polyurethanes. Elutability by sodium dodecyl sulphate of fibrinogen adsorbed from dilute plasma also increased with increasing plasma concentration, but fibrinogen preadsorbed from plasma became non-elutable when surfaces were stored in buffer for 5 d before contact with sodium dodecyl sulphate. Platelet adhesion to substrates which had been pre-adsorbed with dilute plasma was measured using baboon platelets radiolabelled with 111In. Adhesion greatly decreased as the plasma concentration used for preadsorption increased, suggesting that non-specific platelet binding to the bare surface occurs when protein coverage is incomplete. Non-specific platelet binding was inhibited to varying degrees by preadsorption of different proteins to the surface. Platelet adhesion to surfaces preadsorbed with dilute (1.0%) baboon and human plasmas lacking fibrinogen (i.e. serum, heat-defibrinogenated plasma and congenitally afibrinogenemic plasma) was diminished compared with normal plasma. Addition of exogenous fibrinogen to the deficient plasma partially restored platelet adhesion to normal levels. Adhesion to surfaces preadsorbed with human plasma deficient in von Willebrand factor was comparable to that observed with normal plasma. The plasma preadsorption studies with fibrinogen deficient media suggested that adsorbed fibrinogen is necessary for platelet adhesion to the radio-frequency glow discharge/allylamine substrate at high protein coverage. However, since adhesion was greatly reduced when the plasma preadsorbed substrate was stored in buffer before platelet contact, the conformation of adsorbed fibrinogen is also important in mediating platelet adhesion to radio-frequency glow discharge.
 ...
PMID:Adsorption of baboon fibrinogen and the adhesion of platelets to a thin film polymer deposited by radio-frequency glow discharge of allylamine. 160 34

1. A mesodermal stem cell line C3H10T1/2 was induced to differentiate to muscle by adding 0.3 microM-5-aza-2'-deoxy-cytidine to the medium for 24 h. The changes in membrane currents during differentiation were studied by whole-cell recording and changes in the expression of fibronectin, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM), myosin and desmin were studied immunohistochemically. 2. The stem cells showed the morphology of fibroblastic cells. Most of the stem cells showed ATP-induced slow K+ current. T-type Ca2+ current and inward rectifier K+ current were observed in 19% of the stem cells. The stem cells expressed fibronectin, but not NCAM, myosin or desmin. 3. About 2 weeks after the addition of 5-aza-2'-deoxy-cytidine, large multinucleated skeletal muscle-like cells appeared. Most of the induced muscles showed L-type Ca2+ current, responses to acetylcholine, outward K+ current, inward rectifier K+ current and contraction upon depolarizing stimulation. They expressed NCAM, myosin and desmin, but not fibronectin, and showed no ATP response. 4. In some batches (2/14), the induced muscles showed spontaneous twitches, and possessed tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na+ current in addition to the currents described above. Furthermore clear striation was observed in some of the twitching muscles under Nomarski optics. 5. To ascertain the properties of cells at the initial step of muscle differentiation, whose differentiation is determined but not yet evident morphologically or electrophysiologically, subcloning was performed from the heterogeneous cells 10 days after induction. Three myogenic clones were obtained, which proliferated at low cell densities but differentiated to muscle with a high incidence at high cell densities, as well as ten non-myogenic clones. 6. Most myogenic clones still showed ATP-induced K+ current and fibronectin. In addition, most of them showed T-type Ca2+ current and inward rectifier K+ current. They had already expressed NCAM. No other properties observed in muscles had yet been expressed. Most cells of the non-myogenic clones showed ATP-induced K+ current and fibronectin. T-type Ca2+ current was also expressed, but not inward rectifier K+ current or NCAM. 7. The properties of the observed ionic currents were studied. The TTX-sensitive Na+ current could be completely blocked by 0.1 microM-TTX. It could be evoked by depolarizing steps to a level above -40 mV, while steady-state inactivation was detectable around -75 mV and reached half by -52 mV. T-type Ca2+ current could be evoked by a depolarizing pulse to a level above -45 mV, with a maximum amplitude around -15 mV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Electrophysiological and immunohistochemical analysis of muscle differentiation in a mouse mesodermal stem cell line. 166 64

The ability of Escherichia coli K-12(K88ab) to adhere to immobilized porcine small intestine mucus was examined. E. coli K-12(K88ab) but not the isogenic E. coli K-12 strain was found to adhere readily to immobilized crude mucus but not to bovine serum albumin. The adhesion of E. coli K-12(K88ab) was inhibited in a specific fashion by anti-K88 antiserum. Adhesion was also inhibited by pretreatment of receptor-containing crude mucus preparations with sodium metaperiodate or proteolytic enzymes. Removal of glycolipids from crude mucus by chloroform-methanol extraction did not affect the ability of E. coli K-12(K88ab) to bind to mucus preparations. Adsorption of crude mucus preparations with K88ab fimbriae but not type 1 fimbriae resulted in the removal of K88-specific receptors. Analysis of the pelleted fimbriae-receptor complex by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, together with gel filtration chromatography of crude mucus preparations, suggest that the K88-specific receptor present in porcine small intestine mucus is a 40- to 42-kDa glycoprotein.
 ...
PMID:Characterization and identification of a porcine small intestine mucus receptor for the K88ab fimbrial adhesin. 167 Sep 31

The ability of 19 strains of Bacteroides fragilis to adhere to buccal epithelial cells (BEC) and to the human intestinal cell line HT-29 Clone 19A, and to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes was compared. Adhesion to BEC was poor compared with that to the cell line. Adhesion to the latter was high for 21% of the strains, moderate for 37% and poor for 42%. Only 53% of the strains agglutinated rabbit red blood cells and only strain A459 did so strongly. Haemagglutination and adhesion of B. fragilis strain A459 were inhibited by sodium periodate, but not by proteases, heat or carbohydrates. These properties were not affected by protease which removed surface appendages. Periodate treatment did not remove the fimbriae or ruthenium red-staining layer, although the capsule was lost. This suggests that carbohydrate residues on the cell surface, possibly forming part of the capsule, are involved in adhesion and haemagglutination by this strain.
 ...
PMID:Surface components of Bacteroides fragilis involved in adhesion and haemagglutination. 167 Dec 26

The bioadhesive characteristics of tablets for oral use made from modified starch, polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were investigated. Adhesion force and energy were determined in-vitro and maximal adhesion time was evaluated in-vivo in human subjects. In-vitro, PAA showed the best bioadhesive properties, followed by modified maize starch and PEG with a mol. wt of 300,000-400,000 daltons. The presence of 0.1 mg of fluoride as NaF did not lead to significant differences in adhesion force and energy for the same formulation. The in-vivo bioadhesion was not strongly correlated to the in-vitro data. PAA, despite its excellent adhesion, proved to be irritating to the mucosa. PEG with a mol, wt of 200,000 daltons was subject to erosion. CMC showed good bioadhesive properties but the mechanical strength of the tablets was low. Modified maize starch tablets containing 5% (w/w) PAA and PEG with a mol. wt of 300,000 daltons proved to be the most suitable formulations for a fluoride-slow-release tablet with bioadhesive properties. In-vitro, the tablets released all of the fluoride within the 8 h period, with a high initial release. The release rate was related to the water absorption rate of the tablets. The PAA-containing formulations and the CMC formulations had the fastest release. In-vivo, fluoride levels with a minimum of 150 and a maximum of 1000 micrograms mL-1 were maintained for 8 h in the oral cavity. These fluoride levels were sustained significantly longer than those obtained with the administration of fourfold the amount of fluoride in the form of a fluoride-containing toothpaste. The release characteristics in-vivo exhibited a high variation. The use of bioadhesive polymers in oral pharmacotherapy seems promising.
 ...
PMID:Development and testing of bioadhesive, fluoride-containing slow-release tablets for oral use. 168 57

1. Electrophysiological and immunohistochemical properties during the early stages of muscle differentiation were studied in two myoblastic cell lines, mouse C2C12 and rat L6, and compared to those in myogenic clonal cells derived from the mouse mesodermal stem cell line C3H10T1/2, studied in the preceding paper. 2. Mouse C2C12 cells were induced to differentiate to muscle by changing from 10% fetal calf serum to 2% horse serum in the medium. Most of the C2C12 cells before serum reduction showed ATP-induced slow K+ current. Twelve per cent showed inward rectifier K+ current. They expressed fibronectin and Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM). Small spindle-shaped cells at an early stage of muscle differentiation began to appear 24 h after serum reduction. In contrast to cells before serum reduction, only 13% of these spindle-shaped cells showed an ATP response. Most showed tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant Na+ current and outward K+ current. Thirty-eight per cent had inward rectifier K+ current. They expressed NCAM but not fibronectin. The T-type Ca2+ current was not observed up to the latest stage of differentiation investigated. 3. Rat L6 cells in maintaining culture medium showed only infrequent ATP responses, but already showed TTX-resistant Na+ current. No clear T-type Ca2+, inward rectifier K+ or outward K+ currents were observed. About one-third of the cells did not express fibronectin. From these results, L6 cells appear to be at a stage near to but slightly earlier than that of C2C12 cells after serum reduction. 4. The properties of the early stages of muscle differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells, such as the disappearance of ATP-induced K+ current and fibronectin, and the appearance of NCAM, were also seen in C2C12 and L6. However, T-type Ca2+ and inward K+ currents, which were found in the initial stages of C3H10T1/2 muscle differentiation, were not clearly observed in C2C12 and L6. Instead, C2C12 and L6 showed a TTX-resistant Na+ current which was never observed in C3H10T1/2 cells. 5. The properties of the TTX-resistant Na+ current were investigated. In L6 cells, it was reduced to 60% by 1 microM-TTX. It could be evoked by depolarizations to a level above -50 mV with a maximum amplitude at around -15 mV. Steady-state inactivation was detectable with pre-pulses to -100 mV for 100 ms and reached half at pre-pulses of -78 mV. These parameters of inactivation are clearly different from those of the TTX-sensitive Na+ current observed in C3H10T1/2-derived mature muscle cells in the preceding paper.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of initial stages of muscle differentiation in rat and mouse myoblastic and mouse mesodermal stem cell lines. 179 50

Data are presented on the dynamics of intracellular pH (pHi) in the course of growth of BHK-21 cells in suspension and on solid substrate. Cell proliferation in suspension in the presence of bicarbonate occurs at a mean value of pHi 6.76 +/- 0.02, which is only by 0.06 higher than that for resting cells. Adhesion of cells to the substrate cause a short (12 to 24 h) increase in pHi to 7.0-7.2, then proliferation of spread cells continued at pHi 6.8 +/- 0.03. Thus, for proliferation of substrate-independent BHK-21 cells to occur, there is no need for an additional alkalization of the cytoplasm at the expense of cell adhesion to a solid substrate, so the cells grow at low pHi values and at weak alkalization provided by adding serum. Data are presented that the Cl- and HCO(3-)-transport into the cell as well as Na+/H+ exchange are involved in pHi regulation. The decrease in pHi and inhibition of cell proliferation were observed in the presence of amiloride in bicarbonate-containing medium.
 ...
PMID:[Intracellular pH and the proliferation of BHK-21 cells]. 182 75


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>