Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bowel perforation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery is an uncommon but serious complication. Bowel adherent to the anterior abdominal wall due to adhesions is considered a particular risk. It has been suggested that transabdominal ultrasound can reliably predict the presence of intraperitoneal adhesions. Normal bowel excursions (visceral slide) in 15 volunteers with no history of surgery or peritonitis and in 48 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were evaluated. Visceral slide during spontaneous respiration (SRSL) with manual compression (MCSL) and exaggerated respiration (ESL) was assessed in all 4 quadrants. Adhesions were found in 43 quadrants (12 in the RUQ, 6 in the LUQ, 14 in the RIF, and 11 in the LIF) in 21 patients at surgery. Reduced SRSL detected fibrous adhesions in 6 of 15 quadrants, but only 3 of 28 fibrinous adhesions, with an overall sensitivity of 21%, specificity of 94%, and accuracy of 76%. MCSL detected 9 of 15 fibrous and 9 of 28 fibrinous adhesions, with an overall sensitivity of 42%, specificity of 73.5%, and accuracy of 62%. ESL detected 6 of 15 fibrous and 3 of 28 fibrinous adhesions, with an overall sensitivity of 20%, specificity of 76%, and accuracy of 63%. Preliminary results suggest that ultrasound can detect adhesions preoperatively, but the overall sensitivity is poor and the number of false-positives and false-negatives make it unreliable for routine use.
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PMID:Visceral slide for intraperitoneal adhesions? A prospective study in 48 patients with surgical correlation. 767 52

It is known that mammalian primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of oocytes and prospermatogonia, depend for survival and proliferation on specific growth factors and other undetermined compounds. Adhesion to neighboring somatic cells is also believed to be crucial for preventing PGC apoptosis occurring when they lose appropriate cell to cell contacts. This explains the current impossibility to maintain isolated mouse PGCs in culture for periods longer than a few hours in the absence of suitable cell feeder layers producing soluble factors and expressing surface molecules necessary for preventing PGTC apoptosis and stimulating their proliferation. In the present paper, we identified a cocktail of soluble growth factors, namely KL, LIF, BMP-4, SDF-1, bFGF and compounds (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, forskolin, retinoic acid) able to sustain the survival and self-renewal of mouse PGCs in the absence of somatic cell support. We show that under culture conditions allowing PGC adhesion to an acellular substrate, such growth factors and compounds were able to prevent the occurrence of significant levels of apoptosis in PGCs for two days, stimulate their proliferation and, when LIF was omitted from the cocktail, allow most of them to enter into and progress through meiotic prophase I. These results consent for the first time to establish culture conditions for purified mammalian PGCs in the absence of somatic cell support and should make easier the molecular dissection of the processes governing the development of such cells crucial for early gametogenesis.
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PMID:Growth factors sustain primordial germ cell survival, proliferation and entering into meiosis in the absence of somatic cells. 1613 34