Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cells of the rat neuronal line, PC12, adhere well to substrates coated with laminin and type IV collagen, but attach poorly to fibronectin. Adhesion and neurite extension in response to these extracellular matrix proteins are inhibited by Fab fragments of an antiserum (anti-ECMR) that recognizes PC12 cell surface integrin subunits of Mr 120,000, 140,000, and 180,000 (Tomaselli, K. J., C. H. Damsky, and L. F. Reichardt. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 105:2347-2358). Here we extend our study of integrin structure and function in PC12 cells using integrin subunit-specific antibodies prepared against synthetic peptides corresponding to the cytoplasmic domains of the human integrin beta 1 and the fibronectin receptor alpha (alpha FN) subunits. Anti-integrin beta 1 immunoprecipitated a 120-kD beta 1 subunit and two noncovalently associated integrin alpha subunits of 140 and 180 kD from detergent extracts of surface-labeled PC12 cells. Immunodepletion studies using anti-integrin beta 1 demonstrated that these two putative alpha/beta heterodimers are identical to those recognized by the adhesion-perturbing ECMR antiserum. Anti-alpha FN immunoprecipitated fibronectin receptor heterodimers in human and rat fibroblastic cells, but not in PC12 cells. Thus, low levels of expression of the integrin alpha FN subunit can explain the poor attachment of PC12 cells to FN. The PC12 cell integrins were purified using a combination of lectin and ECMR antibody affinity chromatography. The purified integrins: (a) completely neutralize the ability of the anti-ECMR serum to inhibit PC12 cell adhesion to laminin and collagen IV; (b) have hydrodynamic properties that are very similar to those of previously characterized integrin alpha/beta heterodimeric receptors for ECM proteins; and (c) can be incorporated into phosphatidylcholine vesicles that then bind specifically to substrates coated with laminin or collagen IV but not fibronectin. Thus, the ligand-binding specificity of the liposomes containing the purified PC12 integrins closely parallels the substrate-binding preference of intact PC12 cells. These results demonstrate that mammalian integrins purified from a neuronal cell line can, when incorporated into lipid vesicles, function as receptors for laminin and type IV collagen.
J Cell Biol 1988 Sep
PMID:Purification and characterization of mammalian integrins expressed by a rat neuronal cell line (PC12): evidence that they function as alpha/beta heterodimeric receptors for laminin and type IV collagen. 284 50

The effect of concentration and particle size on the adhesive tendency of drug particles in a model interactive system was investigated using a centrifuge technique. The model interactive system consisted of drug powders adhered to coated glass carrier beads. Adhesion profiles of per cent of drug remaining on the carrier versus the square of the speed of rotation were a logarithmic normal function. Increase in the adherent particle size and concentration decreased the adhesive tendency of all drug powders studied. Particle collisions during detachment and the formation of multiparticulate layers even before the monolayer saturation of the carrier surface were responsible for the reduced adhesive stability of the drugs on the carrier as the particle loading increased.
J Pharm Pharmacol 1987 Sep
PMID:The effect of particle size and concentration on the adhesive characteristics of a model drug-carrier interactive system. 289 Jul 31

This study was designed to examine the influence of saline irrigation at different temperatures on adhesion/formation in the rat. Saline irrigation through a laparotomy incision was performed at the following temperatures: 30 degrees C, 34 degrees C, 37 degrees C, 40 degrees C, 45 degrees C, 50 degrees C, 55 degrees C, and 60 degrees C. The control group (Gc, n = 20) underwent laparotomy without irrigation. Adhesions were found in: 5/20 animals of the Gc (all slight); 6/20 of the 30 degrees C group (all slight); 6/20 of the 34 degrees C group (all slight); 6/20 of the 37 degrees C group (all slight); 12/20 of the 40 degrees C group (all slight); 12/20 of the 45 degrees C group (11 slight, 1 moderate); 14/20 of the 50 degrees C group (12 slight, 2 moderate); 18/19 of the 55 degrees C group (2 slight, 6 moderate, 10 marked); and 18/18 of the 60 degrees C group (1 moderate, 8 marked, 9 massive). These results indicate that saline irrigation below body temperature does not prevent adhesions whereas warmed saline encourages adhesion formation in the rat.
Br J Surg 1988 Sep
PMID:Effect of intraperitoneal saline irrigation at different temperatures on adhesion formation. 317 57

Candida albicans cells were treated with alkali and acid to extract preferentially the cell wall alpha-mannan. Cells were recovered at three stages, as extraction proceeded from mild to more extensive: Alk-1, Alk-2 and Alk + Acid. Yeast adhesion to human epithelial cells was then examined with an in-vitro adherence assay. Yeasts from all three stages of extraction adhered in significantly lower numbers to buccal mucosal cells than did unextracted yeasts. Adhesion was as low for Alk-1 cells as for those submitted to more complete mannan extraction. When yeast cells from all three stages were treated with Concanavalin A (Con A), a lectin probe with strong affinity for yeast alpha-mannans, and then subjected to the adherence assay, there was no significant change in adhesion. When yeast agglutinability by Con A was examined in tests with treated and untreated yeast cells, abundant agglutination occurred only with the untreated cells. However, Alk-1 cells, though lacking in adhesive capacity towards mucosal cells, showed significant agglutination. The results suggest that candidal adhesion is mediated by an alkali-soluble, mannan-containing moiety(ies) which appears to be lost early in the extraction process. Blockage of this moiety by Con A inhibits the adhesion of unextracted cells. Extracted cells lack this moiety but still possess enough structural mannan for Con A recognition and agglutination.
J Med Microbiol 1987 Sep
PMID:Studies on cell adhesion and concanavalin A-induced agglutination of Candida albicans after mannan extraction. 330 22

Adhesion between spermatozoa and the egg's extracellular coat, the zona pellucida, involves the sperm's zona binding proteins (ZBP) and their interaction with the carbohydrate residues of the zona. To investigate this interaction in more detail, a purified nonenzymatic ZBP, the rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen, RSA, was used. RSA-zona binding was demonstrated on nitrocellulose blots and by using the Denny-Jaffe crosslinking reagent which identified an 87,000 molecular weight zona component as the ligand for RSA. The RSA-zona binding was of high affinity with a dissociation constant of 5.6 X 10(-13) M. Furthermore, the binding of capacitated spermatozoa to intact zona was inhibited in the presence of RSA. Characterization of the RSA-zona interaction with a variety of simple and complex carbohydrates indicated that the sulfated, complex carbohydrates fucoidin, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate B, and heparin strongly inhibited RSA-zona binding while chondroitin sulfates A and C, cholesterol-3-sulfate, and monosaccharides such as galactose inhibited RSA-zona binding only weakly. It is concluded that RSA functions as a sperm lectin-like molecule to bind the spermatozoon to the zona pellucida.
Dev Biol 1988 Sep
PMID:Characterization of the rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen, RSA, as a lectin-like zona binding protein. 341 Jan 59

The interactions of normal erythrocytes and erythrocytes from patients having hemoglobin S hemoglobinopathies with normal human endothelial cells (EC) were investigated under flow conditions. When EC supernatant, containing 2.8-11.0 U/dl of von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen and vWF multimeric forms larger than those present in normal plasma, was the red blood cell (RBC)-suspending medium instead of serum-free medium (SFM), the adhesion of sickle RBC, but not normal RBC, to endothelial cells was greatly increased (range of enhancement of sickle RBC adhesion, 2- to 27-fold). Adhesion of sickle RBC to endothelial cells was reduced to near serum-free levels when EC supernatant was immunologically depleted of vWF forms. Sickle RBC suspended in SFM containing 200 U/dl of purified vWF multimers of the type found in normal human plasma or 300 micrograms/ml human fibronectin were only slightly more adhesive to endothelial cells than sickle RBC suspended in SFM alone. These data indicate that unusually large vWF multimers produced by endothelial cells are potent mediators of the adhesion of sickle erythrocytes to endothelial cells. Vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell anemia may be caused, at least in part, by adhesive interactions between the abnormal surfaces of sickle RBC and the endothelium after the release of unusually large vWF multimeric forms from stimulated or damaged endothelial cells.
J Clin Invest 1987 Sep
PMID:Unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers increase adhesion of sickle erythrocytes to human endothelial cells under controlled flow. 349 53

Block and graft copolymers consisting of poly(ether) and poly(amino acid) were synthesized, and adhesion behavior of rat lymphocytes to the surface of the film made from these copolymers was analyzed by the microsphere column method. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG) were used as poly(ether) and poly(amino acid), respectively. Adhesion behavior of lymphocytes was found to depend on the content and chain length of the components in these copolymers.
J Biomed Mater Res 1986 Sep
PMID:Adhesion behavior of rat lymphocytes to poly(ether)-poly(amino acid) block and graft copolymers. 376 3

A novel test of carbohydrate-mediated adhesion has been developed. At the tips of two syringes, large spherical model membranes have been made from phosphatidylcholine and varying amounts of mixed brain gangliosides dissolved in n-decane. The apposition of two such membranes resulted in adhesion, not fusion, as judged by the absence of fluorescence mixing in the junction with NBD-phosphatidylethanolamine in one membrane and perylene in the other. Adhesion was observed without gangliosides. The rate of formation of the adhesion area ("rate" of adhesion) was unchanged from 0 to 0.8 mol% gangliosides. A slightly lower but constant rate was observed within the physiological range from 2 to 10 mol%. Adhesion was frequently blocked at 11 to 15 mol% gangliosides. The rate of adhesion with pure gangliosides increased with the number of sialic acid residues: GT greater than GD1a greater than GM1. These results are interpreted in terms of a sialic acid-dependent segregation of gangliosides into the adhesion zone.
Neurochem Res 1986 Sep
PMID:Glycolipid modulation of membrane adhesion. 378 49

This paper describes the relationship between primordial germ cells (p.g.cs) and the substrate over which they migrate in early embryos of the anuran amphibian Xenopus laevis. P.g.cs migrate from the embryonic gut to the dorsal body wall along the dorsal mesentery at the earliest swimming stage. Our earlier papers have described the way in which p.g.cs move in vitro. In this work we have studied the shape and cytoarchitecture of both p.g.cs and the coelomic epithelial cells (c.e.cs) over which they migrate. We have concentrated on three aspects of the morphology of these cells: first the shapes of the c.e.cs and the way that they affect the shapes of the p.g.cs; secondly the presence of adhesion plaques between the two types of cell; and thirdly the arrangement of cytoskeleton elements. The results show that c.e.cs in the dorsal mesentery are orientated cranio-caudally while those on the dorsal body wall and at the junction with the mesentery are arranged transversely, at 90 degrees to the cranio-caudal plane. P.g.cs are found in both elongated and rounded state. Where elongated, they are always in the same plane as the c.e.cs with which they are associated. The implications of this are discussed. Adhesion plaques between p.g.cs and c.e.cs are shown both by disaggregation studies and transmission electron microscope studies. Plaques are associated with the well defined microfilamentous cytoskeleton of c.e.cs, but only with a sparse array of filaments in p.g.cs. The only parts of p.g.cs where filaments are regularly found are their filopodia, which are generally seen on elongated p.g.cs in longitudinal section. We suggest on the basis of this work that p.g.cs have a dispersed cytoskeleton except during filopod extension, that they move by forming direct adhesion plaques with c.e.cs, and that c.e.cs provide a firm orientated support and possible guide to p.g.c. movement.
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1981 Sep 17
PMID:Contact relations and guidance of primordial germ cells on their migratory route in embryos of Xenopus laevis. 611 67

Treatment of epithelial African green monkey kidney (BSC-1) cells with the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induces a rapid and reversible redistribution of actin and vinculin that is detectable after only 2 min of treatment. Within 20-40 min, stress fibers disappear, while at the same time large actin-containing ribbons resembling ruffles develop both at the cell periphery and in more central regions. Vinculin is associated with these actin ribbons or bands in a punctate or patchy staining pattern. Adhesion to the substratum is changed from predominantly focal contacts associated with stress fiber ends in untreated cells to broad zones of close contact after TPA treatment. High voltage electron microscopic observations disclose the ribbons to consist of highly cross-linked actin filament networks. Thus, association of vinculin with filament networks, rather than (the ends of) filament bundles, is demonstrated. The integrity of microtubules and vimentin filaments is not affected by TPA treatment, but their distribution is altered to conform with the highly distorted cell shape. The response to TPA is neither prevented nor modified by nocodazole-induced depolymerization or taxol-induced stabilization of microtubules. An intact intermediate filament network seems not required either since colcemid-induced collapse of vimentin filaments towards the nucleus does not affect the cell's response to TPA. Rapid redistribution of actin and vinculin also takes place in enucleated cells and in the presence of cycloheximide, but is prevented by dinitrophenol or oligomycin. TPA-induced cytoskeletal alterations are independent of fibronectin expression and not mimicked, modified, or prevented by calmodulin inhibitors or experimentally elevated levels of calcium and cyclic AMP. Thus the morphological response to TPA involves rapid redistribution of actin and vinculin independent of transcription and translation, fluctuations in the levels of calcium or cyclic AMP, or changes in the organization of microtubules, intermediate filaments, and fibronectin.
J Cell Biol 1984 Sep
PMID:A tumor promoter induces rapid and coordinated reorganization of actin and vinculin in cultured cells. 620 76


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