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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion of four isolates of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells was determined after growth of the yeasts in defined medium containing 50 mM glucose or 500 mM galactose as the carbon source. With each isolate, adhesion of galactose-grown yeasts was significantly higher than that of glucose-grown organisms. Yeast cell-surface hydrophobicity was assessed by two methods, a modified hydrocarbon adhesion assay and a more sensitive polystyrene microsphere assay. All four isolates were significantly more hydrophobic after growth on 500 mM galactose than after growth on 50 mM glucose. Overall, a strong positive correlation between adhesion and surface hydrophobicity was observed (r = 0.965). These results are discussed in relation to the role of yeast-surface hydrophobicity in pathogenesis.
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PMID:Correlation between cell-surface hydrophobicity of Candida albicans and adhesion to buccal epithelial cells. 146 16

An unusual mycoplasma, which was isolated from the urine of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive male homosexual patient, has an elongated flask shape and two unique sharply divided internal compartments. The tiplike compartment is densely packed with fine granules, and the body compartment is loosely filled with coarse granules consistent with ribosomal structures. The organism has properties of adherence, hemadsorption, and cytadsorption and invades many different types of mammalian cells. Adhesion and penetration apparently involve the terminally located tiplike structure. Cholesterol is required for growth, and the mycoplasma ferments glucose and hydrolyzes arginine, but does not hydrolyze urea. The results of DNA homology studies revealed that this organism is not genetically related to previously described mycoplasma species that have the same biochemical properties. The results of serologic studies demonstrated that this organism is antigenically distinct from all previously described mycoplasmas. We propose that this new mollicute species should be named Mycoplasma penetrans sp. nov. The type strain is strain GTU-54-6A1 (= ATCC 55252).
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PMID:Mycoplasma penetrans sp. nov., from the urogenital tract of patients with AIDS. 150 69

The effects of cell differentiation on cell adhesion to laminin were studied using the human colon tumor cell line, HT29. HT29 cells were induced to differentiate either by glucose deprivation (HT29glc- vs HT29glc+) or by 2 mM butyrate (HT29glc-+B+). Adhesion was assayed after incubating cell suspensions in microtiter wells previously coated with laminin or other substrates. HT29glc+ cells adhered preferentially to laminin over BSA, fibronectin, and ovalbumin. The adhesion to laminin was greater than 50% of maximum within 15 min. HT29glc- cell adhesion to laminin was consistently lower than that for HT29glc+ or HT29glc+B+ cells. alpha-Lactalbumin (ALA), a modifier of galactosyltransferase (GT) substrate specificity, caused a significant reduction (greater than 50%) in HT29glc+ cell adhesion to laminin when ALA was added to the adhesion incubation mixture. Addition of glucose+ALA to the suspension restored adhesion to laminin. Ovalbumin, a GT substrate, increased adhesion of HT29glc+ and HT29glc- cells to laminin, but lactose, a GT product, did not. The data show that undifferentiated HT29 cells adhere preferentially to laminin over fibronectin and collagen IV and that differentiation of HT29 cells reduces adhesion to laminin. In addition, the data imply that cell adhesion to laminin may be mediated by factors that also modify galactosyltransferase activity.
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PMID:Colonic cancer cell (HT29) adhesion to laminin is altered by differentiation: adhesion may involve galactosyltransferase. 163 32

We have examined integrin expression and function in the human colon carcinoma cell line HT29, and in clonal sublines derived from the HT29 line. These cells express several different integrin subunits including beta 1, alpha 2, 3, 6 and alpha v, but do not express the classic alpha 5/beta 1 fibronectin receptor. Clonal variation in the pattern of integrin expression was quite limited. The profile of integrin expression correlates well with the adhesive behavior of HT29 cells. Thus the cells adhere well to vitronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, but not at all to fibronectin. Adhesion to collagen was completely blocked by an anti-beta 1 monoclonal antibody, indicating that beta 1 integrins mediate this process. Adhesion to laminin was strongly blocked by anti-beta 1 monoclonal or anti-beta 6 monoclonal, suggesting that the alpha 6/beta 1 complex functions in attachment to laminin; this was somewhat surprising since immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that most of the alpha 6 subunit seems to be associated with the beta 4 subunit. Despite their strong adherence to laminin, collagen and vitronectin, HT29 cells are not very motile and, in response to gradients of these proteins, do not migrate nearly as well as CHO cells tested under similar conditions. Since HT29 cells can undergo an enterocyte-like differentiation in glucose-free medium, we compared integrin expression in HT29 and its subclones during the process of differentiation. There was no correlation between the state of differentiation, as assessed by expression of brush-border hydrolases, and the level of expression of any of the integrin subunits measured. Thus the pattern of integrin expression in these colonic tumor cells seems to be a characteristic of the cell line, and is not readily modified by changes in cell growth or differentiation.
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PMID:Expression and role of integrins in adhesion of human colonic carcinoma cells to extracellular matrix components. 203 21

Several purified glycoproteins including laminin, fetuin, and human chorionic gonadotropin promote dose-dependent and saturable adhesion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae when adsorbed on plastic. Adhesion to the proteins is energy dependent as no attachment occurs in media without glucose. Adhesion to all of the proteins requires sialic acid, and only those proteins with alpha 2-3-linked sialic acid are active. The alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin also promotes attachment, suggesting that a simple biantennary asparagine-linked oligosaccharide is sufficient for binding. Soluble laminin, asparagine-linked sialyloligosaccharides from fetuin, and 3'-sialyllactose but not 6'-sialyllactose inhibit attachment of M. pneumoniae to laminin. M. pneumoniae also bind to sulfatide adsorbed on plastic. Dextran sulfate, which inhibits M. pneumoniae binding to sulfatide, does not inhibit attachment on laminin, and 3'-sialyllactose does not inhibit binding to sulfatide, suggesting that two distinct receptor specificities mediate binding to these two carbohydrate receptors. Both 3'-sialyllactose and dextran sulfate partially inhibit M. pneumoniae adhesion to a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (WiDr) at concentrations that completely inhibit binding to laminin or sulfatide, respectively, and in combination they inhibit binding of M. pneumoniae to these cells by 90%. Thus, both receptor specificities contribute to M. pneumoniae adhesion to cultured human cells.
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PMID:Sialic acid-dependent adhesion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to purified glycoproteins. 247 Jul 54

The ability of Candida albicans IFO 1385 to adhere to acrylic and the partial characterization of an adhesive substance, named AS, which was isolated from the yeast, were studied in vitro. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The cells cultured in the synthetic media (YNB) containing 500 mM galactose showed a much greater tendency to adhere than did those cells cultured in the YNB containing 500 mM glucose. 2. More cells prepared by the standing cultivation adhered to acrylic than did those prepared by the stirring cultivation. 3. A large number of the adherent cells was obtained when the acrylic plates were incubated at 37 degrees C for 90 min in the cell suspension at a concentration of 1.0 x 10(7) cells/ml. The plates were observed without staining. 4. AS was isolated from the surface of C. albicans, grown on different carbon sources (50 mM glucose, 500 mM glucose and 500 mM galactose), by treatment with ultrasonication. 5. Three different kinds of AS isolated from the three carbon sources were slightly soluble in distilled water. All were similar in composition to each other, and contained 62-68% carbohydrate (as glucose) and 23-26% protein (as BSA). 6. Silica particles adhered to acrylic coated with AS and pretreatment of acrylic with AS promoted C. albicans adhesion. However, similar pretreatment inhibited subsequent Candida glabrata and Candida krusei adhesion. As to subsequent adhesion of Candida tropicalis, no significant data were obtained. 7. Adhesion assay using the silica particles, the adhesive ability of the AS was significantly reduced by treatment with trypsin or pronase E, but not with papain, alpha-amylase, dextranase or zymolyase.
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PMID:[Adherence of Candida albicans to acrylic surfaces]. 248 1

Adhesion of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans was studied by incubation of radiolabelled cells with acrylic test specimens in a chemically defined growth medium. Strep. mutans adhered firmly in the presence of sucrose, while C. albicans was only loosely attached to the acrylic in both glucose and sucrose media. Firm adhesion of C. albicans occurred when the yeast was incubated simultaneously with Strep. mutans, in the presence of sucrose. The adhesion of C. albicans was also stimulated by incubation with Strep. mutans culture supernatants. Adhesion was not affected by the presence of partially purified glucosyltransferase from Strep. mutans IB. Coaggregation between C. albicans and Strep. mutans upon growth in sucrose medium was observed by light and scanning electron microscopy. No coaggregation was observed in the presence of glucose.
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PMID:The influence of Streptococcus mutans on adhesion of Candida albicans to acrylic surfaces in vitro. 253 1

The adhesion of Candida albicans to plastic was examined after growth in two chemically defined media, Lee-Buckley-Campbell (LBC) and yeast nitrogen base (YNB), by binding isotherms, Langmuir isotherms, and Scatchard plots, and the number of binding sites (N) and the affinity constants (K) were calculated. K and N were twofold and fourfold higher, respectively, after growth in LBC compared with that in YNB. A comparison of adhesion in different assay solutions gave similar results, with the solution given to dehydrated patients (5% glucose in 0.45% NaCl [D5.45]) allowing for the highest K and the largest N. Scatchard curves for both LBC- and YNB-grown cells had negative slopes, which is supportive evidence for the view that negative cooperativity is involved in the binding process. Additional experiments to examine the role of cell surface hydrophobicity in adhesion to plastic were conducted with the white and opaque phenotypes of C. albicans. There was no significant difference in the adhesion of these phenotypes to plastic, although the opaque phenotype was significantly more hydrophobic. Adhesion, but not cell surface hydrophobicity, of both phenotypes was significantly greater in D5.45. Moreover, relatively hydrophilic mycelial forms of C. albicans were found to attach only when D5.45 was used as the assay medium and, in contrast to yeast-phase cells, were insensitive to reduced adhesion by nonionic detergents. These results suggest that the adhesion of C. albicans to plastic is regulated by environmental circumstances and the phenotypic state of the organism.
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PMID:Environmental alteration and phenotypic regulation of Candida albicans adhesion to plastic. 268 Sep 85

We have analyzed the effect of 14 carbohydrates (seven monosaccharides, four disaccharides and three aminosugars) on the adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica HK9 trophozoites to human red blood cells (RBC). Amebal adhesion was significantly inhibited by five of these carbohydrates with the following order of potency: lactose (Lac) greater than N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNac) greater than melibiose (Mel) greater than galactose (Gal) greater than N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). The mean inhibitory concentration of Lac was 2.66 mM. Adhesion increased by 20% in the presence of 5.5 mM glucose (Glc). Inhibition of the adhesion was lower in the absence rather than in the presence of Glc only with Gal-NAc, whereas it was similar with Lac, Mel, Gal, and GlcNAc in both cases. The initial rate of amebal adhesion decreased 27% by RBC fixation, but adhesion to fixed RBC was also inhibited by the same five carbohydrates. Inhibition was higher in mixtures containing Lac, GalNAc, and Mel, than with the same isolated carbohydrates; Lac + Gal-NAc was the most potent mixture. Inhibition decreased when Lac, GalNAc, and Mel were mixed either with Gal or GlcNAc. We conclude that E. histolytica adhesion depends on amebal metabolic energy generated from Glc and on several surface components of RBC, some of which are inactivated with glutaraldehyde whereas others are inhibited by sugars containing Gal, GlcNAc, or Gal-NAc residues.
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PMID:Inhibition of the adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to human erythrocytes by carbohydrates. 289 24

Adhesion of bovine endothelial cells on fibronectin and collagen before and after nonenzymatic glycation in vitro has been studied. Nonenzymatic glycation of these proteins reduced their ability to bind endothelial cells. Furthermore, nonenzymatically glycated fibronectin failed to bind to normal and nonenzymatically glycated gelatin and to fibrin. So gelatin and fibrin Sepharoses can be used to separate highly glycated fibronectins from fibronectins with a low degree of nonenzymatic glucose substitution. Sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis did not demonstrate a covalent cross-link between nonenzymatically glycated fibronectins. These results present further evidences for the role of nonenzymatic glycation of proteins in the development of vascular complications in long-term diabetes and of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Diminished adhesion of endothelial aortic cells on fibronectin and collagen layers after nonenzymatic glycation. 340 68


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