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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion of porcelain to dentin may be important in those cases with little remaining enamel. The purpose of this study was to determine the bond strength of porcelain to dentin using a dentin adhesive (All-Bond) and compare it to the enamel bond strength. Sixty human molar teeth had either a dentin or enamel bonding site prepared by flat grinding to a 600 grit. The teeth were divided into three groups of 20 each. Sixty porcelain cylinders were prepared, hydrofluoric acid etched on one end and silane treated. Twenty of the cylinders were bonded to enamel, 20 bonded to dentin with a dentin adhesive to be tested at 48 hours, and 20 bonded to dentin with a dentin adhesive to be tested after 24 hours of thermocycling (800 cycles at 6 degrees C to 60 degrees C). The specimens were tested in an Instron at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. The following bond strengths were found: enamel (19.0 +/- 2.9 MPa), dentin at 48 hours (14.4 +/- 5.4 MPa), and dentin after thermocycling (10.1 +/- 3.8 MPa). When this data was subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA), there was a significant difference between the groups. A Scheffe's test found that the dentin-porcelain bond at 48 hours was stronger than the thermocycled group, and that the enamel bond was significantly stronger than the two dentin bonds.
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PMID:Porcelain to dentin bond strength with a dentin adhesive. 138 62

Adhesion molecules play a critical role in the interaction of circulating neutrophils with vascular endothelium during inflammation. Increased quantities of soluble, circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) are present in various inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this investigation was to measure cICAM-1 levels in septic adults, as well as to examine the relationship between this potential marker of endothelial-cell activation and the consequences of sepsis (i.e., multiple organ failure and death). Using a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we measured cICAM-1 in blood samples obtained within 12 h of admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for sepsis and other conditions. We found cICAM-1 levels to be increased in 25 septic patients (1,259 +/- 159 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) as compared with 12 healthy volunteers (355 +/- 41 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) and four ICU patients without systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (585 +/- 76 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Twenty-five patients with SIRS but no evidence of causative infection also had elevated levels of cICAM-1 (937 +/- 144 ng/ml, p = 0.12 versus sepsis). Serial measurements over the first week of sepsis demonstrated persistent elevation in most patients. Day 1 cICAM-1 levels were higher (p = 0.017, ANOVA) in 16 patients with septic shock than in seven with severe sepsis and two with sepsis but without hypotension or hypoperfusion. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.50, p = 0.009) between Day-1 cICAM-1 measurements and severity of shock as determined by the presence of hypotension and vasopressor use.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Circulating ICAM-1 is increased in septic shock. 773 95

Nonenzymatic glycation of proteins is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes vascular complications. Extracellular matrix proteins are a prominent target for nonenzymatic glycation because of their slow turnover rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of human fibronectin (F) nonenzymatic glycation on adhesion and proliferation of cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC). Incubation of human F with 500 mmol/L D-glucose at 37 degrees C induced a time-dependent increase in fluorescence detectable at 440 nm after excitation at 363 nm. Nonenzymatic glycation did not affect binding of F itself to the plates. Adhesion of hVSMC to F increased with the increase of incubation time of the cells on the protein from 30 minutes up to 120 minutes and remained stable thereafter. Adhesion to glycated fibronectin (GF) was reduced in comparison to control F at all the different adhesion times. Adhesion of hVSMC to GF was reduced when F was exposed to glucose for 4, 9, or 28 days (P=.0417 to .0025), but not when F was exposed for 1 day. Adhesion of hVSMC to GF was reduced compared with adhesion to nonglycated F at all coating concentrations from 0.2 to 10 micrograms/mL (P=.05 to .014). Thus, nonenzymatic glycation of F impairs adhesion of hVSMC in vitro. Proliferation of hVSMC on F increased with increasing concentrations of the protein as coating agent (ANOVA:P<.0001 for both nonglycated F and GF). Proliferation with F glycated for 4, 9, and 28 days was reduced at concentrations of 1, 3, and 10 micrograms/mL as compared with proliferation with nonglycated F (P=.0253 to .0001). Proliferation on F glycated for only 1 day was not significantly reduced. When the number of hVSMC plated on control F was reduced by 25% to take into account the reduced adhesion, the number of cells that proliferated on F was still reduced. In conclusion, nonenzymatic glycation of F impairs adhesive and proliferative properties of hVSMC.
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PMID:Nonenzymatic glycation of fibronectin impairs adhesive and proliferative properties of human vascular smooth muscle cells. 860 33

This study investigates the effects of preoperative IV administration of IL-6 and anti IL-6 on peritoneal adhesion formation and wound healing. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-400 mg) were divided into three groups: control (group 1); IL-6 (group 2); and anti IL-6 (group 3). Under sterile conditions, all rats underwent a midline laparotomy. Ten cm2 of cecal serosa was abraded, the cecum further irritated with 0.1 ml of 70 per cent alcohol, and the incision closed in layers. At 3 weeks, peritoneal adhesions were graded using a score of 0 (none) to 3 (extensive, dense). Skin samples from incisional sites were examined tensiometrically (true stress and true strain), biochemically (collagen content), and histologically. Adhesion formation score was significantly increased in IL-6 group (2.78 +/- 0.44, Mean +/- SD) and decreased in anti IL-6 group (1.40 +/- 0.52) compared to control (2.00 +/- 0.50). (P < 0.03 by Kruskal Wallis test). There was no significant difference in true stress, true strain, and collagen content between the two treatment groups and controls at the 0.05 level by ANOVA. Histological analysis showed higher number of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in IL-6 treated groups. We conclude that IL-6 plays a major role in peritoneal adhesion formation. Selective immunosuppression, using IL-6 neutralizing antibodies preoperatively, leads to a reduction of such adhesion formation without a significant effect on wound healing.
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PMID:Effects of interleukin-6 and its neutralizing antibodies on peritoneal adhesion formation and wound healing. 865 53

Repeat cardiac surgical procedures are associated with increased technical difficulty and risk because of the previous formation of dense adhesions between the heart and the surrounding tissues. Dilute solutions of sodium hyaluronic acid (NaHA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) have been shown to prevent postoperative abdominal and pelvic adhesions and could therefore potentially inhibit adhesion formation following cardiac surgery. Adhesion prevention using 0.1% NaHA, 0.4% NaHA, or 0.1% CMC solutions was examined in a canine abrasion/desiccation pericardial adhesion model (5 animals/group) and compared to 10 animals treated with Ringer's lactate (RL) solution alone. The pericardium and heart were coated with 25 ml of test or control solution prior to and after pericardiotomy, after controlled gauze abrasion, after 30 min of desiccation, and prior to closure. At 6 weeks, animals were reexplored and adhesions were scored in a blinded manner by three to four surgeons using a 0-4 scale. Scores of 2 or greater were considered clinically significant. Mean adhesion scores from the left epicardium were 0.0 in animals treated with 0.1% NaHA, 0.6 in animals treated with 0.4% NaHA or 1% CMC, and 2.3 in animals treated with RL (P < 0.05 Duncan's ANOVA). In addition, none of the animals treated with 0.1% NaHA, 20% of the animals treated with 0.4% NaHA, and 20% of the animals treated with 1% CMC had clinically significant adhesions, whereas 80% of animals treated with RL had such adhesions. Sodium hyaluronic acid and CMC solutions, used as tissue coatings during cardiac surgery, inhibit the formation of undesired postoperative adhesions. Application of these biocompatible polymer solutions during surgery could reduce the technical difficulty and risk of repeat cardiac surgical procedures.
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PMID:Prevention of postoperative pericardial adhesions using tissue-protective solutions. 912 96

Platelet adhesion was measured in 271 consecutive subjects (151F, 120M) referred to the department for investigation of their propensity to develop thrombosis. Arterial thrombosis was the cause in 27% of the subjects and pulmonary embolism in 23%, whereas venous thrombosis was the cause in 50%. Ninety-three patients were using nicotine in the form of smoking or snuffing, 45 were ex-users and 130 patients never-users. Adhesion was measured as the retention of platelets in a commercially available column of glass beads. After strict standardization of the method the reproducibilities within-day and between-day were good. Platelet retention was increased in thrombosis-prone patients as compared to references (p=0.016). This increase was seen irrespective of type of thrombosis. Multifactor ANOVA analysis revealed a strong dependence of gender and smoking habits with higher platelet retention in men and in ex-smokers and current smokers. The highest levels were found in ex-smokers with arterial thrombosis and in current smokers with pulmonary embolism. In the control population we found high platelet retention in smokers (p=0.001) and in those with a family history of thrombosis (p=0.0025). It is concluded that the measurement of platelet retention may form a basis for the selection of patients to antiplatelet therapy and that the activity of platelets is affected by smoking and related to sex and family history of thrombosis. It is also concluded that thrombus formation in men and women may be governed partly by different mechanisms.
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PMID:Platelet adhesion in patients prone to arterial and venous thrombosis: the impact of gender, smoking and heredity. 974 15

Adhesion of restorative and protective materials to dentin is an important requirement for operative and preventive dentistry. Wettability and roughness are dentin substrate conditions that are critical to establishing good adhesion. This study examined superficial and deep dentin for variations in water contact angle measurements and roughness for polished, etched, dehydrated, and rehydrated states. Superficial and deep dentin disks from 6 non-carious third molars were prepared for AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) observation, roughness measurement, and contact angle measurements following specific treatments: hydrated and polished, etched (10% H3PO4), dehydrated (desiccator for 24 hrs); and rehydrated (in water for 24 hrs). Contact angles were measured by means of the ADSA (Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis) technique with filtered and purified water of surface tension 72.79 ergs/cm2. The AFM was used to quantify the intertubular roughness. Mean and SD of roughness and contact angle were calculated for each dentin state, and two-way Repeated Measures ANOVA with Tukey's HSD multiple comparisons were performed at p < 0.05. Wetting and roughness both increased after etching, with roughness tending to increase further while wettability dramatically decreased after desiccation. After rehydration, water contact angle values were equivalent to those of the etched condition. Although intertubular roughness did not depend on depth, lower water contact angles were found for deep dentin. Depth and dehydration resulted in altered dentin substrates with exposed hydrophobic moieties that could interfere with bonding to hydrophilic primer coats.
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PMID:Acid-etching and hydration influence on dentin roughness and wettability. 1051 90

Adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin and gutta-percha offers clues into their interaction with the wall of the root canal and the filling material. In this in vitro study, four classes of endodontic sealers (Kerr, a ZOE-based sealer; Sealapex, a calcium hydroxide-based sealer; AH 26, an epoxy resin-based system; and Ketac-Endo, a glass-ionomer based sealer) were compared for their ability to bond to dentin or gutta-percha. Flat coronal dentin or gutta-percha surfaces were created by using a diamond-impregnated saw blade. Aluminum cylinders (ca. 5-mm diameter) were stabilized on the substrates with small amounts of wax and then filled with one of the sealers. After setting in 100% humidity for 24 h, their tensile bond strengths were measured. Controls were the unfilled cylinders stabilized with wax. The bond strengths and modes of failure were measured. The results were statistically analyzed by using a two-way ANOVA (materials versus substrates) and Student-Newman-Keuls test at alpha = 0.05. The results indicated that sealant bond strengths to dentin (from lowest to highest mean +/- SD, n = 10) were: Kerr 0.13 +/- 0.02; Sealapex 0.30 +/- 0.08; Ketac-Endo 0.80 +/- 0.24; AH 26 2.06 +/- 0.53 MPa. The latter two were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the first two sealers and from themselves. The sealant bond strength to gutta-percha (from lowest to highest mean +/- SD, n = 10) were: Ketac-Endo 0.19 +/- 0.01; Sealapex 0.22 +/- 0.01; Kerr 1.07 +/- 0.19; AH 26 2.93 +/- 0.29 MPa. AH 26 gave the significantly highest bonds to gutta-percha.
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PMID:Adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin and gutta-percha. 1239 64

It is uncertain whether single-phase self-etching adhesives form bonds to enamel as reliable as those of etch-and-rinse adhesives. This study compared the microtensile bond strengths to ground enamel of three self-etching adhesive systems, a self-etching primer system and an etchand-rinse adhesive system. Human enamel was ground flat with 320-grit silicone carbide paper. The self-etching adhesives iBond (Heraeus Kulzer), Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE) and Xeno III (Caulk/Dentsply), the adhesive with a self-etching primer Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) and the etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multipur-pose (3M/ESPE) were applied as directed, followed by a core of the same manufacturers' hybrid resin composite. A microtensile bond strength evaluation was performed after 48 hours of water storage, using untrimmed beams approximately 0.9 mm2 in cross-sectional area at a crosshead speed of 0.6 mm/minute. There were no pretest failures in any group, and failures were predominately adhesive or mixed. Adhesion to enamel of Clearfil SE was not significantly different from Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, while the three self-etching adhesive systems demonstrated significantly lower bond strengths (One-way ANOVA, Tukey-Kramer Multiple-Comparison Test, p < 0.00001).
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PMID:The microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to ground enamel. 1680 41

This study evaluated the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation of enamel and dentin on the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC). Twenty molars were selected and the roots removed. The crowns were bisected, embedded in polyester resin and ground to plane the enamel or expose the dentin. The bonding site was delimited, and samples were randomly assigned according to the cavity preparation device: I--Er.YAG laser (350mJ/2Hz); II--Carbide bur (control group). They were subdivided according to the restorative material employed: A) Fuji II LC (GC); B) Vitremer (3M). Samples were then fixed to a metallic device where ionomer cylinders were prepared. Sequentially, the molars were stored for 24 hours and subjected to a shear bond strength test (50Kgf at 0.5 mm/minute). Means in MPa were: Enamel--IA) 4.77 (+/- 1.12); IB) 4.36 (+/- 1.50); IIA) 7.70 (+/- 1.53); IIB) 7.34 (+/- 1.52) and Dentin--IA) 3.13 (+/- 1.15); IB) 2.67 (+/- 0.74); IIA) 6.38 (+/- 1.44); IIB) 5.58 (+/-2.09). Data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA. Adhesion for enamel was more efficient than for dentin (p < 0.01). The cavities prepared with a conventional bur (control group) presented higher bond strength values than those recorded for Er:YAG laser (p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed between the restorative materials. Based on these results, it was concluded that Er:YAG laser adversely affected the shear bond strength of RMGIC for both enamel and dentin.
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PMID:Shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cements to Er:YAG laser-treated tooth structure. 1682 24


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