Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

EPs 7630 is an extract of the root of the South African geranium Pelargonium sidoides. Clinical data have shown that this herbal drug preparation can be used to treat upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of EPs 7630 on group A-streptococci (GAS) adhering to and invading host epithelial cells in vitro. Adhesion was assessed by a flow cytometric adhesion assay using calcein-AM-stained S. pyogenes (DSM 2071) as test organism, and HEp-2 cells and buccal epithelial cells (BEC) as substrata. For cell invasion, HEp-2 cell monolayers were infected with S. pyogenes. Intracellular bacteria were determined using a penicillin/gentamicin-protection assay. EPs 7630 was applied in therapeutically relevant concentrations between 0 and 30 microg/ml in both test systems. Compared to controls, EPs 7630 significantly reduced GAS adhesion to HEp-2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner by up to 46% (p<0.001). This was semi-quantitatively confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Adhesion kinetics additionally indicated a specific antagonistic effect on GAS adhesion. Pre-treatment of epithelial cells or GAS with EPs 7630 showed that it targets GAS rather than HEp-2 cells. However when using BEC as substrata, GAS adhesion increased 7-fold under the influence of EPs 7630 (p<0.001). In viability assays, HEp-2 suspension contained over 90% vital cells, whereas only 10% of the BEC were viable. EPs 7630 reduced GAS invasion of HEp-2 cells significantly when the data taken at time points 60, 120, and 180 min (p=0.026) were analyzed. In conclusion, EPs 7630 develops complementary anti-infective properties: Firstly, EPs 7630 reduces bacterial adhesion to intact epithelial cells and thus protects the organism from bacterial colonization and infection/super-infection. Secondly, EPs 7630 enhances the attachment of bacteria to decaying BEC. In this way pathogens may be trapped and rendered inactive. Thirdly, the inhibition of GAS invasion of epithelial cells protects the host from microorganisms that may have evaded host defences and antibiotic treatment, and therefore prevents recurrent infections. Thus, our investigations provide a rational basis for the treatment of URTI with EPs 7630.
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PMID:Extract of Pelargonium sidoides (EPs 7630) inhibits the interactions of group A-streptococci and host epithelia in vitro. 1718 36

The adhesion abilities of 11 strains of Lactobacillus were determined in vitro using the IPEC-J2 cell line as a model system. Bacteria cultures included the probiotic strains L. rhamnosus GG, L. reuteri ATCC 55730, L. johnsonii NCC 533 and L. reuteri DSM 12246, and new isolates of Lactobacillus ssp. Adhesion was quantified by scintillation counting of radiolabelled bound bacteria. The highest adhesion of 38%, was determined for L. reuteri DSM 12246 followed by L. plantarum Q47 with an adhesion level of 24%. Other strains showed moderate to low binding of less than 16%. Competitive adhesion experiments on IPEC-J2 cells demonstrated that strongly adhesive strains, as L. reuteri DSM 12246 and L. plantarum Q47, significantly reduced the attachment of the less adhesive strains, such as L. rhamnosus GG and L. johnsonii NCC 533, both under condition of co-incubation and in displacement assays, indicating that bacteria may share the same binding sites for attachment to intestinal cells. Furthermore, it was revealed that calcium ions significantly increased the binding of tested lactobacilli to IPEC-J2 cells; and therefore, added calcium may be useful in enhancing the adhesion of normally weakly adhesive probiotic cultures. In contrast, no significant change in adhesion of lactobacilli was observed in the presence of Mg and Zn ions. Displacement assays performed with pathogenic E. coli O138 showed that all tested Lactobacillus strains reduced the attachment of E. coli O138 to IPEC-J2 by more than 2-fold both in the presence and the absence of calcium ions. The strains of Lactobacillus did not differ significantly in the extent of their inhibition of E. coli O138 adhesion, indicating that the reduced adhesion of E. coli O138 was due to steric hindrance of the binding sites rather than to specific interactions.
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PMID:The effect of calcium ions on adhesion and competitive exclusion of Lactobacillus ssp. and E. coli O138. 1723 93

The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of biofilm formation among mutans and non mutans oral streptococci and to determine the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 as a probiotic strain on the adhesion of selected streptococcal strains on the surfaces. The sample comprised 40 isolates of oral streptococci from dental plaque and caries of volunteer persons. Streptococcus mutans ATCC35668 (no24) was as an standard strain. The probiotic strain was Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079. The ability of biofilm formation was investigated with colorimetric method and the strongest isolates were selected. Then the effect of probiotic strain on the adhesion of streptococci isolates was determined in polystyrene microtiter plate simultaneously and 30 minutes before streptococci entrance to the system. The results showed that 42% of mutans streptococci were strongly adherent (SA) and in non mutans streptococci, only 23.5% of isolates were found strongly adherent. The strong biofilm forming bacterium isolated was Streptococcus mutans strain22. In the next step, in the presence of probiotic strain the streptococcal adhesion were reduced, and this reduction was non significantly stronger if the probiotic strain was inoculated to the system before the oral bacteria. The Lactobacillus acidophilus had more effect on adherence of mutans streptococci than non mutans streptococci with significant difference (p < 0.05). Adhesion reduction is likely due to bacterial interactions and colonization of adhesion sites with probiotic strain before the presence of streptococci. Adhesion reduction can be an effective way on decreasing cariogenic potential of oral streptococci.
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PMID:The effect of a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus acidophilus) on the plaque formation of oral Streptococci. 2134 40

Alicyclobacillus sp. are acidothermophilic bacteria frequently contaminating fruit based products (juices and juice concentrates). These sporulating bacteria are able to survive at elevated temperatures and highly acidic environments which causes difficulties in their removal from industrial environments. Although numerous literature data examine Alicyclobacillus sp. presence in fruit based products and methods of their elimination, there is still a limited knowledge on ability of these bacteria to adhere to abiotic surfaces. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine Alicyclobacillus sp. cells' hydrophobicity and capability of biofilm formation on a glass surface. The degree of cells hydrophobicity, according to Microbial Adhesion to Hydrocarbon (MATH) and Salt Aggregation Test (SAT), was investigated for eleven environmental isolates from natural Polish habitats, identified as Alicyclobacillus sp., and a Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris DSM 3922 reference strain. The dynamics of biofilm formation within 3-day incubation on a glass surface was evaluated and quantified by a plate count method both, for cultures with and without agitation. All of the bacterial strains tested expressed ability to colonize a glass surface and four environmental isolates were classified as fast-adherent strains. The mature biofilm structures were predominantly formed after 48 hours of incubation. Dynamic culturing conditions were observed to accelerate the biofilm formation. The majority of strains expressed a moderate hydrophobicity level both, in SAT (41.7%) and MATH-PBS (75.0%), as well as MATH-PUM (91.7%) tests. However, no correlation between hydrophobicity and cell adherence to a glass slide surface was observed.
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PMID:Evaluation of hydrophobicity and quantitative analysis of biofilm formation by Alicyclobacillus sp. 2662 93