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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of various lectins and sugars on adhesion of five strains of Candida albicans to buccal and vaginal epithelial cells in vitro was investigated. Adhesion of C. albicans GDH 2346 was inhibited primarily by L-fucose and winged-pea lectin, whereas adhesion of strain GDH 2023 was inhibited by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, or D-glucosamine, and wheat-germ agglutinin. Three other strains of C. albicans (MRL 3153, GRI 681 and GRI 682) gave results similar to those obtained with strain GDH 2346. Extracellular polymeric material (EP) isolated from strain GDH 2346 inhibited adhesion of strains MRL 3153, GRI 681 and GRI 682 by more than 50%, but that of strain GDH 2023 by only 30%. EP from strain GDH 2023 had little or no effect on the adhesion of any other yeast strain. Lectin-like proteins with affinities for L-fucose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-mannose were detected in EP from all five strains in different amounts. These results indicate that there are at least two types of adhesion mechanism and that glycosides containing L-fucose or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine can function as epithelial cell receptors for C. albicans.
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PMID:Role of glycosides as epithelial cell receptors for Candida albicans. 330 64

Adhesion between spermatozoa and the egg's extracellular coat, the zona pellucida, involves the sperm's zona binding proteins (ZBP) and their interaction with the carbohydrate residues of the zona. To investigate this interaction in more detail, a purified nonenzymatic ZBP, the rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen, RSA, was used. RSA-zona binding was demonstrated on nitrocellulose blots and by using the Denny-Jaffe crosslinking reagent which identified an 87,000 molecular weight zona component as the ligand for RSA. The RSA-zona binding was of high affinity with a dissociation constant of 5.6 X 10(-13) M. Furthermore, the binding of capacitated spermatozoa to intact zona was inhibited in the presence of RSA. Characterization of the RSA-zona interaction with a variety of simple and complex carbohydrates indicated that the sulfated, complex carbohydrates fucoidin, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate B, and heparin strongly inhibited RSA-zona binding while chondroitin sulfates A and C, cholesterol-3-sulfate, and monosaccharides such as galactose inhibited RSA-zona binding only weakly. It is concluded that RSA functions as a sperm lectin-like molecule to bind the spermatozoon to the zona pellucida.
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PMID:Characterization of the rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen, RSA, as a lectin-like zona binding protein. 341 Jan 59

Lewis lung carcinoma cells are able to bind sugar residues, mainly alpha-D-glucosyl and alpha-D-mannosyl derivatives as assessed by fluorescent neoglycoproteins binding assay. We have investigated the binding efficiency and shown that: 3LL tumor cells are heterogeneous with regards to their capability to recognize neoglycoproteins, as shown by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytofluorometry analyses; basically two distinct subpopulations could be evidenced which were called glucose-receptor-rich (or glucose-specific lectin-rich, GLR 3LL) and glucose-receptor-poor (or glucose-specific lectin-poor, GLP 3LL) cells; those two subpopulations could be separated on the basis of their binding properties to neoglycoprotein-substituted microcarriers onto which GLR 3LL cells were able to rapidly adhere (2 h) while GLP 3LL cells were not. Some aspects of the biological behavior of these two selected populations were investigated in order to determine the possible involvement of 3LL cell membrane sugar receptors in cell-cell recognition and adhesion to other cells: namely C57 B1/6 mouse pulmonary cells maintained in primary culture. The two 3LL sublines bind to pulmonary cells but their adhesion kinetics were markedly different. Adhesion inhibition studies showed the adhesion process to be dependent upon the specificity of membrane lectins present on both the tumor cell surface (alpha-D-glucose-specific) and on the pulmonary cells (alpha-L-fucose-specific). Surface sugar-specific receptors on mouse pulmonary cells were shown to bind beta-D-galactose-, alpha-L-fucose and alpha-L-rhamnose substituted serum albumin. A neoglycoprotein bearing alpha-L-rhamnose residues was an efficient binder under the conditions of cell adhesion experiments and a potent cell adhesion inhibitor. A fucose-containing neoglycoprotein was shown to have a high inhibitory activity when used concomitantly to alpha-D-glucose-containing neoglycoproteins. Adhesion inhibition experiments, performed with cells the sugar specific receptors of which have been selectively inactivated, showed that the alpha-L-fucose specific receptors on pulmonary cell surface are partly responsible for the specificity of this cell-cell recognition process.
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PMID:Involvement of membrane sugar receptors and membrane glycoconjugates in the adhesion of 3LL cell subpopulations to cultured pulmonary cells. 380 41

Several properties of the adhesins of eight isolates of Moraxella bovis recovered from cattle suffering from infectious keratoconjunctivitis, were studied. Adhesions were detected through autoagglutination in saline and hemagglutination. Autoagglutinating strains agglutinated red blood cells of the chicken, rabbit, sheep and swine, but not those of the guinea pig. The adhesins were not inhibited by D-mannose or D-galactose and resisted heating at 100 degrees C for 15 minutes. Magnesium chloride at a final concentration of 10% inhibited autoagglutination and hemagglutination. The value of the hemagglutination test for monitoring synthesis of fimbriae by M. bovis, is discussed.
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PMID:Moraxella bovis hemagglutinins: effect of carbohydrates, heating and erythrocytes. 398 74

The in vitro adhesion of three uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli to epithelial cells from the periurethral area (area surrounding the urethral orifice) of women with and without a history of recurrent urinary tract infections was investigated. All strains showed a specific mannose-resistant hemagglutination restricted to human erythrocytes. Since only a few hundred periurethral cells were used in each test, gentle methods were required. Optimal results were obtained with bacteria grown for 16 h at 37 degrees C in nutrient broth without shaking. The binding of bacteria seemed to be irreversible under the conditions studied, since repeated washings of the epithelial cells after incubation did not decrease the number of adhering bacteria. Chloramphenicol was used to control the number of added bacteria in the incubation system. A difference in the adhesive capacity of periurethral cells of infection-prone and healthy individuals was most evident at concentrations of 2.5 x 10(9) bacteria/ml. Electron microscope studies indicated that pili mediated the adhesion. Adhesion was correlated with the mannose-resistant hemagglutination of human erythrocytes, indicating that the pili were not type 1 pili. Day-to-day variations in the adhesiveness of the bacteria were reduced by selecting well-adhering bacteria with the aid of in vitro passage on periurethral cells or human erythrocytes, and by exclusion of bacteria with low hemagglutination ability.
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PMID:In vitro adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to human periurethral cells. 610 31

The association of the haemagglutinating activities of Salmonella typhimurium cultures with bacterial adhesion to HeLa cells, and the internalization of the bacteria by HeLa cells, was studied. Adhesion was not inhibited by alpha-methyl-D-mannoside (i.e. adhesion was mannose-resistant), and only four of the six strains tested produced type 1 fimbriae and the associated mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (MSHA). The other two strains belonged to the non-fimbriate FIRN biogroup. Cultures of all six strains contained a mannose-resistant haemagglutinating (MRHA) activity when grown at 37 degrees C, but cultures of only one fimbriate and one non-fimbriate strain did so when grown at 18 degrees C. From the comparison of cultures grown at 18 degrees C and 37 degrees C, and of mutant strains with the phenotypes MRHA-negative/MSHA-positive, or MRHA-positive/MSHA-negative, it was concluded that the MRHA activity was responsible for the attachment of salmonellae to HeLa cells. Only bacterial adhesion that was resistant to mannose resulted in the internalization of the bacteria by the HeLa cells.
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PMID:The attachment to, and invasion of HeLa cells by Salmonella typhimurium: the contribution of mannose-sensitive and mannose-resistant haemagglutinating activities. 612 44

Thirty-two per cent dextran 70 in dextrose (Hyskon) has been reported effective in limiting adhesion formation following a peritoneal injury when employed in doses larger than that known to be safe for intraperitoneal use in humans. The effectiveness of a lower dosage believed to be safe for human use was investigated. Female rabbits received a standardized injury to their uterine horns and proximal fallopian tubes. Following the injury, Hyskon (2.5 ml/kg of body weight) was dripped over the sites of injury in the treatment group. Animals were reoperated upon 2 weeks later, and adhesions were scored. Hyskon significantly reduced adhesion formation. In a second experiment the effect of Hyskon on adhesion re-formation was evaluated. Adhesions were induced in the same manner. Two weeks later, the animals were reoperated upon, and adhesions were scored and lysed. Hyskon was instilled in the treatment group as in the first experiment. No significant difference was noted between adhesion scores in control and treatment groups after adhesion induction or when re-evaluated 2 weeks after lysis.
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PMID:Effect of thirty-two per cent dextran 70 on peritoneal adhesion formation and re-formation after lysis. 615 93

We have shown previously that Klebsiella pneumoniae receptors for coliphages T3 and T7 also mediate mannose-inhibitable adherence to human epithelial cells and protect bacteria from phagocytosis and intracellular killing by human polymorphonuclear cells. In this paper we analyze the possible role of such mannose-inhibitable adhesins and T3-T7 receptors (MIAT) in K. pneumoniae intraperitoneal pathogenicity for mice. We showed that intraperitoneal pathogenicity for mice of four different Klebsiella strains (one laboratory and three wild-type) that carry the MIAT was approximately 60-fold higher than that of four derivative strains that lost such receptors by spontaneous mutation. The MIAT could be repressed by Klebsiella phage AP3 lysogenic conversion. Two laboratory and two wild-type strains converted by phage AP3 were also approximately 60-fold less pathogenic for mice than parental strains and showed a pathogenicity level equal to that of the MIAT-negative mutants. Studies of protection in mice with anti-whole cell antisera showed that passive immunization against MIAT-positive cells was more protective than immunization against MIAT-negative cells. Studies of protection in mice by both active and passive immunization with lipopolysaccharide and purified outer membrane proteins have shown that the proteins are the most protective outer membrane components. Since it has been shown previously that the Klebsiella receptors for T3-T7 have a proteic component and that an outer membrane protein is missing in the strains resistant to T3-T7 (C. Pruzzo et al., in R. C. Berkely (ed.), Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces, 1980); the latter finding further supports the role of MIAT in the pathogenicity of Klebsiella for mice.
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PMID:Laboratory and wild-type Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying mannose-inhibitable adhesins and receptors for coliphages T3 and T7 are more pathogenic for mice than are strains without such receptors. 633 80

Extra-embryonic endoderm cells from gastrulating chick embryos possess Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent adhesive mechanisms. These cells also contain an endogenous beta-D-galactoside-binding lectin and cell surface receptors bearing galactose groups. The endogenous lectin inhibits cellular adhesion. To test whether the adhesive interactions involving lectin and galactose molecules are part of the Ca2+-independent or Ca2+-dependent adhesive mechanism, dissociated cells which were preincubated in beta-galactosidase were allowed to aggregate in the presence and absence of Ca2+ ions. Significant decreases in adhesion were observed in both cases. Cells were also allowed to aggregate in the presence and absence of Ca2+ ions when blastoderm lectin was present in the medium. Adhesion was decreased in both cases. The results suggest that cell surface galactose groups and the beta-D-galactoside-binding lectin are involved in Ca2+-independent adhesion.
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PMID:Calcium-independent adhesion of extra-embryonic endoderm cells from the early chick blastoderm is inhibited by the blastoderm beta-D-galactoside-binding lectin and by beta-galactosidase. 640 23

Dictyostelium discoideum cells appear to be able to recognize particular carbohydrate prosthetic groups at different stages in their life cycle. We therefore used our previously developed model system (consisting of polyacrylamide gels containing putative ligands covalently linked to the polymer) to determine the receptors on these cells capable of recognizing carbohydrates. D. discoideum cells, at different developmental stages from growth phase to late aggregation, were incubated with the derivatized gels, and the number of adherent cells was determined by measuring alanine transaminase after cell lysis. From 70 to 100% of the cells firmly adhered to gels derivatized with glucose, maltose, or cellobiose. The cells were also capable of binding to N-acetylglucosamine and mannose, but both the rate and the extent of binding to these sugars were less than those observed with the glucose derivatives. Furthermore, binding to N-acetylglucosamine decreased to negligible levels during the aggregation stage of development. The cells did not bind to the glucose-derivatized gels in the presence of glucose and a variety of carbohydrates containing glucose at the nonreducing termini, whereas binding was not inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, and derivatives of these sugars. Adhesion to all sugars was blocked by 2,4-dinitrophenol. This inhibitor also reversed the binding to gels containing N-acetylglucosamine and mannose, but not to glucose. Differential binding to the three monosaccharides was also observed under conditions affecting the normal amoeboid shape of the cells. In addition, adhesion to N-acetylglucosamine and mannose was trypsin-sensitive, whereas adhesion to glucose was only slightly affected by treating the cells with trypsin (and cycloheximide). These and other results suggest that D. discoideum cell adhesion to derivatized gels is mediated by three different receptors, one highly specific for glucose and two (probably less specific) for N-acetylglucosamine and mannose.
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PMID:Adhesion of Dictyostelium discoideum cells to carbohydrates immobilized in polyacrylamide gels. I. Evidence for three sugar-specific cell surface receptors. 668 32


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