Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Candida albicans has become one of the most important pathogens in intensive care units. Adherence of C. albicans to the vascular endothelium is believed to represent a critical step in the pathogenesis of disseminated candidiasis and may involve molecules analogous to human beta 2-integrins such as the complement receptor 3 (CR3) analogue of C. albicans (C.a.-CR3). Its expression was detected by a sensitive rosetting assay when Candida was present in its hyphal form but not in its yeast form, the latter being generally considered to be less pathogenic. However, the presence of hyphae alone was not sufficient: C.a.-CR3 expression was found to be temperature-dependent for 4 (out of 10) clinical isolates. Two rosetted better after growth at 30 degrees C, the other 2 after growth at 37 degrees C. This temperature dependence was most pronounced for 1 laboratory strain: C.a.-CR3 expression was best at 30 degrees C and markedly decreased with increasing temperatures. At 37 degrees C no rosettes were detected at all. Modifications of the culture conditions (e.g. agitation, pH) exerted a marked influence on the morphology of this strain but always allowed rosette formation once hyphae were formed at 30 degrees C. However, none of these modifications was able to induce rosettes at 37 degrees C. Adhesion of C. albicans isolates to an endothelial cell line was also temperature-dependent but not strongly correlated with C.a.-CR3 expression. Most strains exhibited a better adherence when grown at 30 degrees C. This finding may be of importance for exogenous infections, with Candida spp. invading the body from the outside, where the temperature is usually lower than the physiological body temperature.
 ...
PMID:Temperature-dependent surface expression of the beta-2-integrin analogue of Candida albicans and its role in adhesion to the human endothelium. 916 70

This communication reports investigations on the effect of platelet cholesterol content on adhesion of platelets to a fibrinogen coated surface. The adhesion of platelets stimulated with thrombin or ADP was dramatically increased when the platelet cholesterol content was enriched by incubation with cholesterol containing phosphatidylcholine vesicles. In contrast, ADP failed to promote the adhesion of platelets to fibrinogen after they had been depleted of cholesterol, either by incubation with phosphatidylcholine vesicles or by brief exposure to cholesterol oxidase. By comparison, the adhesion of resting platelets to fibrinogen coated surface was unaltered following either enrichment or depletion of cholesterol. These data were obtained using a novel method of measuring the adhesion of platelets to a protein coated surface based upon the fluorescent detection of platelets containing the fluorescent probe octadecyl rhodamine (R(18)). R(18) was incorporated into platelet membranes using standard ethanol injection techniques at room temperature for 30 min. The platelets were introduced into fibrinogen coated wells of a 96-well microtiter plate in the presence of various cations and stimulatory or inhibitory ligands. The plate was then incubated at room temperature without agitation for various periods of time. Adhesion measured in this manner had characteristics similar to those reported using other methods. Thus the extent of adhesion ranged from 1-4% under basal conditions, and was increased in a dose-dependent manner by Mg(2+) and Ca(2+), increased further by ADP, collagen or thrombin and not affected by prostacyclin.
 ...
PMID:Cholesterol enhances the adhesion of human platelets to fibrinogen: studies using a novel fluorescence based assay. 1679 57

Correlation between microbial surface thermodynamics using the extended DLVO (XDLVO) theory and kinetic adhesion of various bacterial cells to sand was investigated. Two experimental setups were utilized. Adhesion tests were conducted in batch reactors with slow agitation. Also, bacteria were circulated through small sand columns in a closed loop and the results were analyzed with a simple model which accounted for the rate of the adhesion phenomena (omega in h(-1)) and adhesion percentage. Cells surface properties were derived from contact angle measurements. The wicking method was utilized to characterize the sand. Zeta potentials were measured for the sand and the cells. Kinetic of bacterial retention by the porous media was largely influenced by the electrostatic interactions which are correlated with omega from the model (R(2)=0.71). Negative zeta potentials resulted in electrostatic repulsions occurring between the sand and the bacterial cells which in result delayed bacterial adhesion. While no correlation was found between the adhesion percentage and the total interaction energy calculated with the XDLVO theory the respective behavior of hydrophobic and hydrophilic bacteria as well as the importance of electrostatic interactions was evidenced. All the bacterial strains studied adhered more in the column experiments than in the adhesion tests, presumably due to enhanced collision efficiency and wedging in porous media, while filtration could be ignored except for the larger Bacillus strains. Approximate XDLVO calculations due to solid surface nanoscale roughness, retention in a secondary minimum and population heterogeneity are discussed. Our results obtained with a large variety of different physicochemical bacterial strains highlights the influence of both surface thermodynamics and porous media related effects as well as the limits of using the XDLVO theory for evaluating bacterial retention through porous media.
 ...
PMID:Kinetic adhesion of bacterial cells to sand: cell surface properties and adhesion rate. 1753 18

Alicyclobacillus sp. are acidothermophilic bacteria frequently contaminating fruit based products (juices and juice concentrates). These sporulating bacteria are able to survive at elevated temperatures and highly acidic environments which causes difficulties in their removal from industrial environments. Although numerous literature data examine Alicyclobacillus sp. presence in fruit based products and methods of their elimination, there is still a limited knowledge on ability of these bacteria to adhere to abiotic surfaces. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine Alicyclobacillus sp. cells' hydrophobicity and capability of biofilm formation on a glass surface. The degree of cells hydrophobicity, according to Microbial Adhesion to Hydrocarbon (MATH) and Salt Aggregation Test (SAT), was investigated for eleven environmental isolates from natural Polish habitats, identified as Alicyclobacillus sp., and a Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris DSM 3922 reference strain. The dynamics of biofilm formation within 3-day incubation on a glass surface was evaluated and quantified by a plate count method both, for cultures with and without agitation. All of the bacterial strains tested expressed ability to colonize a glass surface and four environmental isolates were classified as fast-adherent strains. The mature biofilm structures were predominantly formed after 48 hours of incubation. Dynamic culturing conditions were observed to accelerate the biofilm formation. The majority of strains expressed a moderate hydrophobicity level both, in SAT (41.7%) and MATH-PBS (75.0%), as well as MATH-PUM (91.7%) tests. However, no correlation between hydrophobicity and cell adherence to a glass slide surface was observed.
...
PMID:Evaluation of hydrophobicity and quantitative analysis of biofilm formation by Alicyclobacillus sp. 2662 93