Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion molecules regulate the influx of leukocytes in normal and inflamed gut. Some of these molecules such as MadCAM-1 are specific for the gastrointestinal endothelium, but in inflammatory bowel diseases most of the adhesion factors are up-regulated. Adhesion molecules also are involved in local lymphocyte stimulation and antigen presentation within the intestinal mucosa. Recently, therapeutic compounds directed against trafficking of lymphocytes toward the gut mucosa have been designed, and are being developed as a novel class of drugs in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. This review deals with the immunological aspects of leukocyte trafficking focused on gut homing of T cells. Secondly, the changes in adhesion molecules and T-cell trafficking during intestinal inflammation are discussed. Finally, we review the clinical data that have been gathered in trials of biological therapies directed against adhesion molecules. Both antiintercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and anti-alpha4 integrin strategies are being developed. Trials with the anti-ICAM-1 antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS-2302, in steroid-refractory CD have provided conflicting efficacy data. The anti-alpha4 integrin antibodies natalizumab (Antegren) and LDP-02 are in phase III and phase II trials, respectively. In the near future, these novel biological agents may prove valuable therapeutic tools in the management of refractory IBD.
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PMID:Antiadhesion molecule therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. 1213 14

There is an upsurge of interest in gastro-intestinal microbiology to improve the balance between positive and negative commensals. Mucosal bacteria make closer contact with the host than luminal ones and can therefore have a stronger health impact. An in vitro adhesion assay was developed to study the mucin colonization of bacteria from the mixed microbial communities of the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem. Adhesion capacity differed substantially between bacteria and decreased from lactobacilli over fecal coliforms, bifidobacteria, and clostridia to total anaerobes. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG adhered most selectively. Further, intestinal water lowered adhesion compared to phosphate-buffered saline. By processing the data to an Adhesion-Related Prebiotic Index, it was found that intestinal water stimulated adherence of positive commensals. Arabinoxylans decreased the adhesion capacity matrix independently, whereas inulin had less or no influence. Measurements of bacterial surface tension, surface hydrophobicity, liquid surface tension, and viscosity showed that bacterial adhesion to mucin agar is a matter of both non-specific and specific interactions. The developed methodology can be useful for the characterization of the relevant but barely investigated mucin-associated bacterial community in health and disease (e.g., IBD) as well as for its modulation with functional foods like prebiotics.
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PMID:In vitro model to study the modulation of the mucin-adhered bacterial community. 1930 5

One of the key links of pathological inflammatory process is the formation factors of adhesion. They play a leading role in the formation of inflammatory infiltration of the mucosa of the colon. Changes in the levels factors of adhesion under the influence of biological therapy are not well understood. In this regard, the aim of our study was to investigate the influence of biological therapy (infliximab, mesenchymal stromal cells) on the level of adhesion molecules in patients with IBD. Investigated the role of adhesion molecules to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in this group of patients. Was examined 30 patients with IBD. Of these, 16 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 14 patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Of these, 16 patients received infliximab 5 mg/kg body weight, 14 patients with IBD who underwent a comprehensive anti-inflammatory therapy with the introduction of MSC culture. Before and after treatment with infliximab, MSC transplantation was carried out a study of the clinical blood test, CRP, determined by the level of adhesion molecule L-selectin, E-selectin, P-selectin, integrin - sVCAM-1 in serum by ELISA Under the influence of infliximab for all IBD patients had significantly lower levels of P-selectin, E-selectin, integrin - sVCAM-1. In the group of patients after MSC transplantation rates of P-selectin, E-selectin was significantly decreased and the level of integrin - sVCAM-1 decreased slightly. The level of L-selectin in patients both after MSC transplantation and therapy with infliximab is practically not reduced, which serves as a reflection of chronic autoimmune inflammation, and the basis for long-term use of biological therapy in IBD. Adhesion molecule P-selectin, E-selectin, integrin - sVCAM-1 decreased more rapidly under the influence of infliximab in patients with IBD because of the mechanism of drug action (suppression of the synthesis of core inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha). After transplantation of MSCs P-selectin, E-selectin, integrin - sVCAM-1 decreased more slowly due to the fact that the maximum positive effect of MSCs developed after 1 month. P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, integrin - sVCAM-1 are the modern markers of inflammation and can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of biological therapy in IBD and the prognosis of the disease.
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PMID:[The role of adhesion molecules for assessing the effectiveness of biological treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease]. 2340 83