Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0001511 (
Adhesion
)
5,955
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Objectives:
Citrobacter
spp. especially
Citrobacter freundii
, is frequently causing nosocomial infections, and increasingly becoming multi-drug resistant (MDR). In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of
Citrobacter
spp. from diarrheal patients and food sources, their antimicrobial resistance profiles and
in vitro
virulence properties.
Methods:
Sixty two
Citrobacter
isolates, including 13
C. freundii
, 41
C. youngae
and eight
C. braakii
isolates, were obtained from human diarrheal patients and food sources. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI recommendations were carried out.
Adhesion
and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were performed. PCR and sequencing were used to identify
bla
CTX
-M
,
bla
SHV
,
bla
TEM
and
qnr
genes.
Results:
The 62 isolates were divided into 53 sequence types (STs) with all STs being novel, displaying high genetic diversity. ST39 was a predominant ST shared by 5
C. youngae
strains isolated from four foods and a diarrheal patient. All isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, and sensitive to imipenem, meropenem and amikacin. The majority of
Citrobacter
isolates (61.3%) were MDR of three or more antibiotics out of the 22 antibiotics tested. Two
C. freundii
isolates each carried the
bla
TEM-1
gene and a variant of
qnrB77
. Three
Citrobacter
isolates each carried
qnrS1
and
aac(6')-Ib-cr
genes. Seven isolates that showed strong cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were MDR.
Conclusions:
Citrobacter
spp. from human and food sources are diverse with variation in virulence properties and antibiotic resistance profiles. Food may be an important source of
Citrobacter
species in transmission to humans.
C. freundii
and
C. youngae
are potential foodborne pathogens.
...
PMID:Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of
Citrobacter
spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China. 2877 15
Objectives:
Citrobacter freundii
is a frequent cause of nosocomial infections and a known cause of diarrheal infections, and has increasingly become multidrug resistant (MDR). In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic diversity, the antimicrobial resistance profiles and
in vitro
virulence properties of
C. freundii
from diarrheal patients and healthy individuals.
Methods:
82
C. freundii
isolates were obtained from human diarrheal outpatients and healthy individuals. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations.
Adhesion
and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were assessed. PCR and sequencing were used to identify
bla
CTX
-M
, bla
SHV
,
bla
TEM
,
qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, aac(6')-Ib-cr
, and
qepA
genes.
Results:
The 82
C. freundii
isolates were divided into 76 sequence types (STs) with 65 STs being novel, displaying high genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analysis divided the 82 isolates into 5 clusters. All 82 isolates were sensitive to imipenem (IPM), but resistant to one or more other 16 antibiotics tested. Twenty-six isolates (31.7%) were multidrug resistant to three or more antibiotic classes out of the 10 distinct antibiotic classes tested. Five MDR isolates, all of which were isolated from 2014, harbored one or more of the resistance genes,
bla
TEM-1
,
bla
CTX
-M-9
,
aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB9
, and
qnrB13
. All 11
qnrB
-carrying
C. freundii
isolates belonged to cluster 1, and one
C. freundii
isolate carried a new
qnrB
gene (
qnrB92
). Six isolates showed strong cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells, one of which was multidrug resistant.
Conclusions:
C. freundii
isolates from human diarrheal outpatients and healthy individuals were diverse with variation in sequence types, antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence properties.
...
PMID:Genetic Diversity, Multidrug Resistance, and Virulence of
Citrobacter freundii
From Diarrheal Patients and Healthy Individuals. 3005 Aug 70
