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Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion durability between dentin pretreated with 10-3 and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin was studied. Reduction of etching periods with 10-3 was not so effective as expected. The weakening of bond strength during immersion in water at 37 degrees C to the dentin pretreated for 1 sec occurred faster than those for either 5 sec or 10 sec. The strength decreased from 12 MPa at 1 day to 9 MPa at 3 months, 3 MPa at 6 months and finally 2 MPa at 1 year in the case of 1 sec pretreated dentin. On the other hand, the strength became half after the storage in water for 1 year in the cases of 5 and 10 sec pretreated dentins. Combination of 10-3 pretreatment and subsequent glutaraldehyde treatment could stabilize the decrease but not completely. SEM and TEM examinations suggested that dentinal collagen exposed by the etching but not entangled and impregnated by poly (4-META-co-MMA) easily deteriorated by water during the longer immersion. Collagen modified with 10-3 and then with glutaraldehyde was also changed by the longer immersion.
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PMID:[Durability of bonding between 4-META/MMA-TBB resin to dentin pretreated with 10-3. The effect of 10-3 pretreating period and subsequent glutaraldehyde treatment]. 213 46

Marlex and Gore-tex, two prosthetic materials used to close abdominal wounds, were compared with respect to strength and adhesion formation. A 2.5 X 3.5-cm full-thickness area of abdominal wall was excised in 32 CD rats. The defect was repaired using identically sized patches of Marlex or 1-mm Gore-tex, determined by alternate assignment, and sutured with continuous 4-0 Gore-tex. Adhesion formation was graded at necropsy and recorded photographically in each animal. The mean adhesion index (none = 0, maximal = 4) was 1.37 +/- 0.12 and 2.62 +/- 0.12 (mean +/- SEM) for Gore-tex and Marlex groups respectively (p less than 0.005, unpaired t-test). A template was used to fashion 2-cm coronal strips of abdominal wall for tensile-strength testing. The relative strengths were 2.67 +/- 0.14 and 3.02 +/- 0.16 kg/cm (mean +/- SEM) for the Gore-tex and Marlex groups respectively (NS). Histologically, there were more epithelioid giant cells and less collagen formation in the Gore-tex group. Abdominal wall reconstruction with Gore-tex resulted in wound strength equal to that of Marlex and fewer adhesions. Gore-tex is preferred when prosthetic material and viscera are in close proximity.
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PMID:Comparison of Marlex and Gore-tex to repair abdominal wall defects in the rat. 273 51

Adhesion molecules play a critical role in the interaction of circulating neutrophils with vascular endothelium during inflammation. Increased quantities of soluble, circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) are present in various inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this investigation was to measure cICAM-1 levels in septic adults, as well as to examine the relationship between this potential marker of endothelial-cell activation and the consequences of sepsis (i.e., multiple organ failure and death). Using a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we measured cICAM-1 in blood samples obtained within 12 h of admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for sepsis and other conditions. We found cICAM-1 levels to be increased in 25 septic patients (1,259 +/- 159 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) as compared with 12 healthy volunteers (355 +/- 41 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) and four ICU patients without systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (585 +/- 76 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Twenty-five patients with SIRS but no evidence of causative infection also had elevated levels of cICAM-1 (937 +/- 144 ng/ml, p = 0.12 versus sepsis). Serial measurements over the first week of sepsis demonstrated persistent elevation in most patients. Day 1 cICAM-1 levels were higher (p = 0.017, ANOVA) in 16 patients with septic shock than in seven with severe sepsis and two with sepsis but without hypotension or hypoperfusion. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.50, p = 0.009) between Day-1 cICAM-1 measurements and severity of shock as determined by the presence of hypotension and vasopressor use.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Circulating ICAM-1 is increased in septic shock. 773 95

The feasibility and safety of laparoscopic Billroth II gastrectomy were evaluated in an animate model. After developing the technique in acute animal experiments, laparoscopic antrectomy and Billroth II anastomosis was performed in six mongrel dogs. Video laparoscopic access to the peritoneal cavity was accomplished with six ports (five, 10 mm; one, 12-18 mm). The operations were performed without complication in 150-200 min (mean +/- SEM, 171 +/- 10 min). The animals tolerated solid oral meals on the 2nd or 3rd postoperative day. One dog developed frequent diarrheal stools and lost 3.4 kg prior to sacrifice 18 days postoperatively when a gastroileostomy was discovered. The remaining five animals did well and were sacrificed at 49-77 days postoperatively. Adhesions were minimal and the gastrojejunostomy was widely patent in all animals without evidence of leakage or obstruction. Laparoscopic Billroth II gastrectomy in the canine model is thus feasible and safe. Using laparoscopic guidance, it may be more difficult to identify the ligament of Treitz, which must be assured at the time of operation.
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PMID:Laparoscopic Billroth II gastrectomy in the canine model. 787 4

In order to study the adhesive interactions of the human bone marrow microenvironment and acute myeloid leukaemic cells, we investigated the binding capacity of KG-1 cells upon human long-term bone marrow cultures derived from 17 healthy volunteers and 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Adhesion was measured using a 51-chromium labelling assay. Adhesion of KG-1 cells upon 'normal' stromal layers: 33% +/- 4.0, n = 17 (mean +/- SEM) was higher as compared to the binding to 'leukaemic' stromas: 24% +/- 3.7, n = 12 (p < 0.05). Blocking monoclonal antibodies against adhesion molecules reduced the binding of KG-1 cells upon 'normal' stroma, when anti-VLA4 (p < 0.03), anti-Mac1 (p < 0.03) and anti-p150/95 (p < 0.04) were used. Binding of KG-1 cells on 'leukaemic' stromas was partly inhibited by anti-VCAM1 (p < 0.03). Blocking achieved by single or combined antibodies was never complete, suggesting that the adhesion is a multifactorial process, including a variety of adhesion molecules and/or adhesion mechanisms.
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PMID:Adhesive capacity of human long-term bone marrow cultures from normals and patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: the influence of adhesion molecules. 845 Jun 74

Adhesion characteristics of fibroblastic baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells and epithelial Madine Darby kidney (MDBK) cells on polyurethane (PU) and polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate (PHEMA) based surfaces have been studied. PU surfaces were prepared by a classical solvent-casting procedure of Pellethane solution that contains different types of solvents, i.e., THF, dioxane and their compositions. PHEMA based surfaces were obtained by bulk polymerization of respective comonomers (HEMA, acrylic acid, AA, and dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, DMAEMA) in the presence of the crosslinker. Thus, a number of polymeric surfaces were obtained with different surface charges (COO- and NH+4) and with different surface free energies in a range between 60-82 ergs/cm2. Surface properties of these membranes were characterized by equilibrium water contents, air and octane contact angles, surface free energies, SEM photographs and ATR-FTIR spectra. Interactions of BHK and MDBK cells with the surfaces were examined in stationary culture conditions which were carried out in MEM supplemented with fetal calf serum. The observations strongly suggested that the chemical and/or physical properties of membrane surface and morphology of the cell control the degree of cell adhesion to the PU and PHEMA based membranes.
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PMID:Relationship of surface characteristics to cellular attachment in PU and PHEMA. 845 35

The most common cause of intraperitoneal adhesions is previous abdominal surgery. Postoperative adhesion formation results from a fibroproliferative inflammatory reaction that begins with an influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the peritoneal cavity. Adherence of the PMNs to the endothelial cells (EC) is necessary for PMN migration into the tissue in response to a stimulus. Several receptor-counterreceptor pairs of ligands such as CD11/CD18 on the PMN and ICAM-1 (CD54) on EC have been identified. Monoclonal antibody against CD11/CD18 (R15.7) inhibits PMN adherence and migration and consequently protects against PMN-induced tissue injuries. We therefore studied the effect of preventing PMN-EC adherence, using anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody, on postoperative adhesion formation in rabbits. Group 1 was a control receiving physiologic saline, and group 2 received anti-CD18 antibody (R15.7, 2 mg/kg). The treatment was administered iv at the end of surgery and repeated on the first and second postoperative days. Peritoneal adhesions were induced at laparotomy by repairing two peritoneal defects, by oversewing the defect (model 1), and by resuturing the removed parietal peritoneum in its place as an ischemic graft (model 2). Adhesions were evaluated blindly at 10 days after operation by measuring the percentage of the suture line covered with adhesions (model 1) or by a scoring system (model 2). All control animals developed intraperitoneal adhesions and the percentage of the suture line covered with adhesions was 25 +/- 5.9% (mean +/- SEM) and the mean score in model 2 was 0.9 +/- 0.2. Anti-CD18 antibody, R15.7, increased the degree of postoperative adhesion formation in both models, but the results were significant only in model 2. Also, anti-CD18 antibody significantly decreased peritoneal neutrophils from 11.1 x 10(7) +/- 1.8 x 10(7) to 2.2 x 10(7) +/- 0.4 x 10(7) (P < 0.001) on the first postoperative day. It is concluded that inhibition of PMN-EC adherence does influence the postoperative adhesion formation. These results might suggest that PMNs have a role in modulating postoperative adhesion formation.
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PMID:The role of neutrophils in peritoneal adhesion formation. 876 57

The mechanism of cytopathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis is not well established. Adhesion of T. vaginalis to human epithelial cells is considered a prerequisite for parasitic infection and its pathogenic effect. To investigate cytopathological changes in the host caused by T. vaginalis infection, human amnion membrane was used as an in vitro model. T. vaginalis strain WAA38 from axenic culture was allowed to interact with the epithelial layer of the human amnion membrane for 6 and 9 h. Structural changes resulting from the interaction between parasite and host cells were studied with transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy. Analysis of the electron microscope data showed that T. vaginalis established contact with the host cells as early as after 6 h of incubation; however, a close attachment of parasites to the epithelial cells occurred only after 9 h. Amoeboid T. vaginalis formed numerous cytoplasmic extensions and adhered to the epithelial cells mostly through the portions of their body opposite the undulating membrane. A dense network of microfilaments was seen at the site of contact between T. vaginalis and epithelial cells. Damaged and desquamated epithelial cells were seen with TEM and SEM only in the areas where parasites were in direct contact with target cells.
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PMID:An electron microscope study of the interaction between Trichomonas vaginalis and epithelial cells of the human amnion membrane. 882 44

Several techniques for laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy have been described in the literature: laparoscopic extraperitoneal mesh repair (EXTRA), transabdominal preperitoneal mesh repair (TAPP), and intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair (IPOM). To evaluate the incidence of adhesion formation and the tensile properties of these techniques, young male pigs underwent mesh placement using the above techniques. The animals had follow-up for 6 weeks, and no trocar site adhesions were observed. No intraperitoneal adhesions resulted in the group that underwent EXTRA technique. One case of filmy omental adhesions was observed with the TAPP technique, and two cases of adhesions were associated with the IPOM technique, one minimal and one case of dense adhesions to the bladder. The tensile strength of mesh incorporation into abdominal fascia was compared for the three techniques and measured using a tensiometer. The IPOM technique resulted in the weakest tensile strength of 0.53 +/- 0.01 kg (mean +/- SEM), whereas both the EXTRA and TAPP were comparable and significantly stronger (p < 0.05), with tensiometric values of 0.69 +/- 0.03 and 0.60 +/- 0.02 kg, respectively. We concluded that IPOM, although technically the easiest procedure to perform, is associated with the highest risk of adhesion formation and the lowest tensile strength. In comparison, the EXTRA and the TAPP techniques had the advantages of better tissue incorporation and tensile strength. Adhesion formation was not observed with the EXTRA technique, in which the peritoneum was not violated, and was uncommon and minimal with the TAPP technique.
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PMID:Comparison of adhesion formation and tensile strength after three laparoscopic herniorrhaphy techniques. 910 43

Adhesion molecules mediate the extravasation of leukocytes and their accumulation in inflamed tissues. In the present study, serum concentrations of the selectin (sP- and sE-selectin) and immunoglobulin supergene family (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1) of adhesion molecules were measured in 93 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, n = 65; ulcerative colitis, n = 28) and 58 age-matched normal controls. sP-selectin serum concentrations (mean +/- SEM ng/ml) of patients with Crohn's disease (399 +/- 33 ng/ml) and ulcerative colitis (385 +/- 42 ng/ml) were increased (P = 0.0067 and P = 0.0193, respectively) compared to controls (251 +/- 33 ng/ml). In contrast, E-selectin serum levels of patients with Crohn's disease (58 +/- 5 ng/ml) and ulcerative colitis (64 +/- 12 ng/ml) were not significantly higher than those of controls (53 +/- 5 ng/ml). sICAM-1 serum concentrations of patients with Crohn's disease (420 +/- 19 ng/ml) and those with ulcerative colitis (375 +/- 40 ng/ml) were elevated (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0473, respectively) compared to controls (297 +/- 8 ng/ml). Further, sVCAM-1 levels of patients with Crohn's disease (664 +/- 43 ng/ml) and ulcerative colitis (963 +/- 162 ng/ml) were increased (P = 0.0222 and P = 0.0121, respectively) compared to controls (510 +/- 31 ng/ml). With few exceptions, serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules were not significantly correlated to disease activity indices or disease localization. Elevated circulating selectin and immunoglobulin supergene type adhesion molecules may compete with membrane-bound forms for their cognate ligands and thereby limit the rolling and stable adhesion of leukocytes.
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PMID:Elevated serum concentrations of soluble selectin and immunoglobulin type adhesion molecules in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 925 Aug 94


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