Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001511 (Adhesion)
 5,955 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Integrins play a major role in cell-matrix interactions. They alter cellular functions upon binding to matrix proteins or following cross linking and can in turn be regulated by other stimuli acting on the cell. In the kidney integrins may help regulate cellular proliferation and matrix turnover during renal injury, effects which could play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis and the resultant loss of renal function. Alterations in cell adhesiveness may contribute to tubular epithelial cell sloughing and tubular obstruction in acute renal failure and may play a role in alterations of glomerular capillary wall permeability, leading to proteinuria. Adhesion molecules on GEC may be important targets of antibodies in several models of proteinuric renal disease and areas of GEC detachment from the GBM may be involved in the development of glomerulosclerosis. Since integrins are major links between the ECM and cells, better understanding of their function in the normal kidney and during injury is of importance to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of renal disease.
 ...
PMID:Integrin matrix receptors in renal injury. 815 6

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common renal disease affecting up to 5% of all hospitalized patients, with a higher prevalence of 10-30% in patients in critical care units (1-3). Despite advances in the management of critically ill patients and technological advances in renal replacement therapy, the high mortality of patients with ARF has not changed over the last decades and remains above 50% (4-6). Moreover, as a consequence of more advanced medical therapy and more complicated surgical interventions in older and multimorbid patients, the number of patients with ARF is increasing (1, 4, 5). Moreover, ARF itself increases the risk to develop additional complications that can be deleterious. Recently, an independent association between ARF and mortality has been shown in patients following administration of radiocontrast media in an intensive care unit and in patients following cardiac surgery (6, 7). Following radiocontrast media the mortality of patients with ARF was increased five fold and following cardiac surgery sixteen-fold as compared to patients with the same underlying disease without ARF. The pathophysiology of ischemic ARF is reviewed with the emphasis on the following mechanisms: Increased fractional excretion of sodium, Activation of tubuloglomerular feedback, Cytoskeletal disruption, Tubular obstruction, Vascular mechanisms. The following mediators will also be discussed: Calcium, Cysteine proteases, Nitric oxide, Adhesion receptors and integrins.
 ...
PMID:Pathophysiology of acute renal failure. 1068 14

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is still the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Accumulation of glomerular macrophages, proliferation of mesangial cells, and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins are pathobiological hallmarks of GN. Pharmacological interventions that can inhibit these insults may be beneficial in the retardation of the progression of GN. Honokiol originally isolated from Magnolia officinalis, shows antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities in a variety of inflammation models. In this study, we first investigated the in vivo effects of honokiol on rat anti-Thy1 nephritis. Anti-Thy1 nephritis was induced in Wistar rats by injecting mouse anti-rat Thy1 antibodies intravenously. Nephritic rats were randomly assigned to receive honokiol (2.5 mg/kg, twice a day) or vehicle and were killed at various time points. Glomerular histology and immunohistopathology and urine protein excretion were studied. Western blotting was conducted for markers of proliferation. Adhesion molecules, chemokine, and extracellular matrix gene expression were evaluated by Northern blotting. Honokiol-treated nephritic rats excreted less urinary protein and had lower glomerular cellularity and sclerosis. The increased intraglomerular proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Akt phosphorylation in nephritic rats could be abolished by the treatment of honokiol. Honokiol also alleviated glomerular monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1, similar to type I (alpha1) collagen and fibronectin mRNA levels of nephritic rats. These results indicate that honokiol may have therapeutic potential in mesangial proliferative GN.
 ...
PMID:Honokiol, a small molecular weight natural product, alleviates experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. 1680 44

Adhesion molecules play a significant role in leukocyte migration across the endothelium and are also involved in regulating immune system. It is shown that diabetic patients have an increase of soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sICAM-2, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, sL-selectin, sP-selectin) considered an integral part of inflammatory state. This inflammation is responsible for the increased cardiovascular risk of these patients. There is a close link between hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, coagulopathy and inflammation and between these factors and the vascular damage. Various studies have showed the potential role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy. They promote leukocyte recruitment, which is one of the initial steps in the genesis of atherosclerotic plaque. Adhesion molecules are also involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 1; sICAM-1 would have a particular immunomodulatory role in the process of destroying beta-cells and could be used as a subclinical marker of insulitis. Plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules correlate with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and obesity; they are associated with the development of nephropathy, retinopathy, myocardial infarction, stroke and obliterant peripheral arterial disease in diabetic type 1 and 2. Given the role of these molecules in endothelial dysfunction genesis and tissue damage associated with diabetes, they could constitute a therapeutic target for the prevention of genesis and progression of chronic complications of diabetic disease.
 ...
PMID:[Adhesion molecules and diabetes mellitus]. 2054 49