Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001486 (Adenovirus)
 3,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A conditional glucocorticoid-responsive expression vector system is described for highly inducible expression of heterologous genes in mammalian cells. This host-vector system requires high level expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein in the host cell and multiple copies of the receptor binding site within the expression vector. Transfection and selection of Chinese hamster ovary cells with expression vectors encoding the rat GR yielded cell lines which express functional receptor at high levels. Insertion of multiple copies of the MMTV enhancer (glucocorticoid responsive element, GRE) into an Adenovirus major late promoter (AdMLP) based expression vector yielded greater than 1000-fold inducible expression by dexamethasone (dex) in transient DNA transfection assays. The induced expression level was 7-fold greater than that obtained with an AdMLP based vector containing an SV40 enhancer, but lacking GRE's. Vectors containing the SV40 enhancer in combination with multiple GRE's exhibited elevated basal expression in the absence of dex, but retained inducibility in both transient assays and after integration and amplification in the CHO genome. This expression system should be of general utility for studying gene regulation and for expressing heterologous genes in a regulatable fashion.
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PMID:Highly inducible expression from vectors containing multiple GRE's in CHO cells overexpressing the glucocorticoid receptor. 254 23

Glucocorticoids play pivotal roles in the maintenance of homeostasis but, when dysregulated, may also have deleterious effects. Smad6, one of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) family downstream transcription factors, interacts with the N-terminal domain of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) through its Mad homology 2 domain and suppresses GR-mediated transcriptional activity in vitro. Adenovirus-mediated Smad6 overexpression inhibits glucocorticoid action in rat liver in vivo, preventing dexamethasone-induced elevation of blood glucose levels and hepatic mRNA expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, a well known rate-limiting enzyme of liver gluconeogenesis. Smad6 suppresses GR-induced transactivation by attracting histone deacetylase 3 to DNA-bound GR and by antagonizing acetylation of histone H3 and H4 induced by p160 histone acetyltransferase. These results indicate that Smad6 regulates glucocorticoid actions as a corepressor of the GR. From our results and known cross-talks between glucocorticoids and TGFbeta family molecules, it appears that the anti-glucocorticoid actions of Smad6 may contribute to the neuroprotective, anticatabolic and pro-wound healing properties of the TGFbeta family of proteins.
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PMID:The Smad6-histone deacetylase 3 complex silences the transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor: potential clinical implications. 1624 87