Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001486 (Adenovirus)
 3,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Adenovirus DNA-binding protein (DBP) binds to single-stranded (ss) DNA as well as to double-stranded (ds) DNA and forms multimeric protein-DNA complexes with both. Gel retardation assays indicate rapid complex formation for both DNAs. DBP rapidly dissociates from dsDNA, indicating a dynamic equilibrium, whereas the ssDNA-DBP complex is much more stable. We investigated the complex between DBP and dsDNA in more detail. Electron microscopical analysis shows thick filament-like and beaded structures in which the length of the DNA is not significantly altered. Cryo-electron micrographs suggest the presence of interwound protein fibres around the DNA. Ligase-mediated cyclization, but not linear multimerization, of DBP-saturated DNA fragments exceeding the persistence length was severely inhibited. This suggests that DNA may be organized by DBP into a rigid structure. Under those conditions, DBP induces distinct changes in the circular dichroism spectrum of the DNA, indicative of structural DNA changes. No bending or twisting of the complex was observed. Hydroxyl radical footprinting showed that the breakdown pattern of DNA at saturating DBP concentrations is much more regular than the protein-free DNA. This suggests the removal of tertiary structures, which may be related to the effects of DBP on enhanced NFI binding and chain elongation during Adenovirus DNA replication. Using purified proteins in an in vitro replication system, we correlate the structural changes with the effects of DBP on enhancement of NFI-binding as well as on DNA replication.
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PMID:Structural alterations of double-stranded DNA in complex with the adenovirus DNA-binding protein. Implications for its function in DNA replication. 131 98

Adenovirus vaccines inactivated and adsorbed with different methods were prepared for the specific control of pneumoenteritis of lambs. Beta-propiolactone and formalin as inactivating agents and aluminium hydroxide gel and DEAE dextran as adjuvants were compared. Vaccines inactivated and adsorbed in different ways provoked practically the same immunological response. Seronegative lambs developed a higher level of antibodies after the administration of monovalent vaccines, than in the case of a bivalent one. It is concluded that inactivated and adsorbed adenovirus vaccines provoke a significant production of antibodies in sheep.
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PMID:Production and antigenic effect of experimental sheep adenovirus vaccines. 741 75

Adenovirus shows significant promise as a vehicle for transfer of therapeutic genes into humans. Based on the importance of this viral vector, it is critical that adequate decontamination procedures are implemented during its large-scale production in multiproduct manufacturing facilities to prevent cross-product contamination and to reduce the risk of personnel exposure. Liquid decontamination procedures based on caustics are easily implemented in a manufacturing setting and are not corrosive to stainless steel surfaces at the concentrations found to inactivate viral proteins and nucleic acids. In this study, we have conducted small-scale experiments to determine the effectiveness of caustic inactivation procedures on adenovirus type 5 and have evaluated the robustness of the process to different sample matrices and adenovirus constructs. We find that the pH of a sample post-addition of caustic solution is a more accurate indicator of the effectiveness of the caustic than its concentration. We have demonstrated that a greater than 6 log reduction in the potency of adenovirus type 5 may be obtained upon exposure of the sample to sodium hydroxide and CIP-100 at concentrations greater than 0.09 M and 0.9%, respectively, at times greater than 10 min.
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PMID:Inactivation of adenovirus type 5 by caustics. 1580 84

The use of lime to reduce or eliminate pathogen content is a cost-effective treatment currently employed in many Class B biosolids production plants in the United States. A bench scale model of lime stabilization was designed to evaluate the survival of adenovirus type 5, rotavirus Wa, and the male specific bacteriophage, MS2, in various matrices. Each virus was initially evaluated independently in a reverse osmosis treated water matrix limed with an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide for 24-hr at 22 +/- 5 degrees C. In all R/O water trials, adenovirus type 5, rotavirus Wa and MS2 were below detectable levels (<100.5 TCID50/mL and <1 PFU/mL respectively) following 0.1-hr of liming. Adenovirus type 5, rotavirus Wa, and MS2, were inoculated into composted, raw and previously limed matrices, representative of sludge and biosolids, to achieve a final concentration of approximately 104 PFU or TCID50/mL. Each matrix was limed for 24-hr at 22 +/- 5 degrees C and 4 +/- 2 degrees C. In all trials virus was below detectable levels following a 24-hr incubation. The time required for viral inactivation varied depending on the temperature and sample matrix. This research demonstrates reduction of adenovirus type 5, rotavirus Wa, and male-specific bacteriophage, in water, sludge and biosolids matrices following addition of an 8% calcium hydroxide slurry to achieve a pH of 12 for 2-hr reduced to 11.5 for 22-hr by addition of 0.1 N HCl. In these trials, MS2 was a conservative indicator of the efficacy of lime stabilization of adenovirus Type 5 and rotavirus Wa and therefore is proposed as a useful indicator organism.
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PMID:Inactivation of adenovirus type 5, rotavirus Wa and male specific coliphage (MS2) in biosolids by lime stabilization. 1743 17

Adenovirus has consistently been observed to be the most resistant known pathogen to disinfection by ultraviolet light. This has had an impact on regulations set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency regarding the use of UV disinfection for virus inactivation in groundwater and surface water. In this study, enhancement of UV inactivation of adenovirus was evaluated when hydrogen peroxide was added to create an advanced oxidation process (AOP). While 4 log reduction of adenovirus was determined to require a UV dose (UV fluence) of about 200 mJ/cm(2) from a low pressure (LP) UV source (emitting at 253.7 nm), addition of 10 mg/L H(2)O(2) achieved 4 log inactivation at a dose of 120 mJ/cm(2). DNA damage was assessed using a novel nested PCR approach, and similar levels of DNA damage between the two different treatments were noted, suggesting the AOP enhancement in inactivation was not due to additional DNA damage. Hydroxyl radicals produced in the advanced oxidation process are likely able to damage parts of the virus not targeted by LPUV, such as attachment proteins, enhancing the UV-induced inactivation. The AOP-enhanced inactivation potential was modeled in three natural waters. This research sheds light on the inactivation mechanisms of viruses with ultraviolet light and in the presence of hydroxyl radicals and provides a practical means to enhance inactivation of this UV-resistant virus.
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PMID:Inactivation of adenovirus using low-dose UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation. 2304 Sep 91