Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001486 (Adenovirus)
 3,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adenovirus type 2-transformed hamster cell-induced newborn tumor lines were usually rejected when transplanted s.c. into 21-day-old syngeneic, weanling hamsters. The tumor-inducing capacity of two of these lines (Ad2HTL3 and Ad2HTL6) was tested in intact and neonatally thymectomized hosts. After s.c. injection of suspensions prepared from these lines, none of the weaning hamsters developed tumors while 100% of the newborns and 35.2% of neonatally thymectomized, weanling hamsters developed progressively enlarging neoplasms. The susceptibility of neonatally thymectomized hamsters to tumor challenge was directly related to the degree of immunosuppression observed following thymectomy as indicated by the amplitude of the in vitro response of blood leukocytes to concanavalin A. Pretreatment of thymectomized weanlings with syngeneic adult lymphoid cells (i.p.) resulted in a significant reduction in tumor susceptibility (p = 0.03). These findings suggest that acquisition of resistance to adenovirus type 2-transformed cells during the first 21 days of life may be a thymus-dependent cellular immune process.
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PMID:Age-related and thymus-dependent rejection of adenovirus 2-transformed cell tumors in the Syrian hamster. 31 31

Adenovirus type 2 (Ad2)-transformed hamster and rat cells are susceptible to lysis by natural killer (NK) cells from the host of origin and are nontumorigenic in immunocompetent hamsters and rats, respectively. These NK-cell-susceptible, virus-transformed cells are, however, highly tumorigenic in athymic (nude) mice--animals with intact NK-cell responses. In vitro lysis of these xenogeneic, Ad2-transformed cells by nude-mouse NK cells was found to be defective. In contrast, Ad2-transformed hamster and rat cells were highly susceptible to lysis by nude-rat NK cells. Furthermore, xenogeneic, Ad2-transformed hamster cells were nontumorigenic in nude rats unless the NK-cell responses of the challenged animals were compromised. The results of the nude-rat studies show that thymus-dependent, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated, host cellular immune responses are not essential for rejection of xenogeneic cells transformed by nononcogenic Ad2. The data suggest instead that immunologically nonspecific host cellular immune responses, such as those mediated by NK cells, are sufficient for rejection of Ad2-transformed cells. These results indicate that biologically important differences exist in the NK-cell-mediated defenses mounted by nude mice and nude rats against transformed cells that may account for the different patterns of tumor induction by various neoplastic cell types in these athymic animals.
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PMID:Immunological surveillance against DNA-virus-transformed cells: correlations between natural killer cell cytolytic competence and tumor susceptibility of athymic rodents. 349 70

We have mapped a major initiation site of purified calf thymus RNA polymerase II in the cloned adenovirus 2 major late promoter. The specificity of this initiation site has been determined by "run-off" transcriptional analysis and by RNase T1 analysis which employs single-stranded M13 phage DNA containing the Adenovirus 2 major late promoter as probe. The TATAAA region which is used as the start site by the purified RNA polymerase II for in vitro transcription is 30 base pairs upstream from the adenovirus major late in vivo start site. The exact sequence also exists at two sites within the pBR322 plasmid but initiation does not occur at either of these sites. This indicates that the purified enzyme is not just recognizing AT-rich regions but that it is recognizing both the TATA box and its surrounding sequences. The purified RNA polymerase II transcriptional initiation site is used when transcription was carried out on either a superhelical (FI) or linear (FIII) DNA template. Selective initiation of transcription on FI DNA required (NH4)2SO4 concentrations which ranged from 90 to 150 mM. In contrast, selective initiation of transcription on FIII DNA was observed at (NH4)2SO4 concentrations that ranged from 30 to 120 mM.
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PMID:In vitro transcription initiation by purified RNA polymerase II within the adenovirus 2 major late promoter region. 632 64

Morphological and virological studies were carried out in 26 cases of perinatal and neonatal deaths in a group at a high risk of vertical transmission of Coxsackie viruses. Antigens of Coxsackie viruses A and B were identified in 73.1% of autopsy materials, including the thymus. Adenovirus and rubella virus antigens were detected much more rarely: in 26.9 and 30.8% of cases. The incidence of Coxsackie viruses was minimal (50%) in cases when thymic abnormalities were confined to the initial signs of preterm involution and reliably increased if the involution was more expressed in the presence of underdeveloped thymus, reaching 100% in cases with the terminal stage of preterm involution in the presence of marked immaturity. The data confirm the hypothesis about the principal role of Coxsackie virus in the etiology of secondary congenital immunodeficiencies detected in children at a high risk of vertical transmission of these viruses.
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PMID:[Study of vertical transmission of coxsackie group enteroviruses in the etiology of congenital immunodeficiencies]. 930 99