Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

All cases of primary adrenocortical tumors, including those found incidentally, recorded in the Pathological Autopsy Case Annuals of Japan during a 12 year period from 1973 to 1984 were surveyed. Age- and sex-specific incidences of lesions were estimated from the population, mortality and autopsy statistics for the same period. There were 101 adenomas, 77 of which were presumed to be non-functional, and 222 carcinomas. The age-specific distribution profiles of both the benign and malignant tumors showed single peaks in the sixties and could not be distinguished from one another. The estimated age-specific distribution of morbidity of the non-functional adenomas showed a peak at about 10 years younger than that found in the autopsy records, although it was again similar to that of carcinoma derived from various clinical reports. The morbidity of the non-functional adenomas per 100,000 population was almost equal to that of breast cancer in Japan, being highest in the fifties age group with more than 4,000 people a year being suggested to have adenoma in this age bracket.
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PMID:Primary adrenocortical tumors in autopsy records--a survey of "Cumulative Reports in Japan" from 1973 to 1984. 181 85

The dynamics of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion in response to intravenous 400 micrograms thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in 13 untreated patients with pituitary adenomas (6 women, 7 men; ages 20-64 years; 8 patients with acromegaly, 3 prolactinomas and 2 non-functional adenomas) were correlated with the results of immunohistochemical studies of GH and PRL in the adenoma cells. The basal serum GH concentrations were abnormally high in 6 and normal in 2 cases of acromegaly. In 5 of 6 acromegalic patients with pure GH-containing adenomas, TRH stimulated GH release by less than 100%. One patient with acromegaly and pancreatic islet cell carcinoma had the maximum increment for GH by 303%. TRH stimulated GH release by more than 100% in 2 acromegalic patients with mixed GH/PRL-containing adenomas. In 3 patients with prolactinoma and in 2 patients with non-functional adenoma the basal GH levels were 0.5 mU/L or undetectable and there was no GH response to TRH. The peak serum PRL levels after TRH were less than 100 ng/ml in 6 acromegalic patients with pure GH-containing tumors and in 2 patients with non-functioning pituitary tumors, and were more than 230 ng/ml in 3 patients with prolactinoma and in 2 acromegalic patients with mixed GH/PRL-containing tumors. It is suggested that the TRH test may help clinically in establishing the diagnosis of prolactinoma, pure GH-secreting tumors and mixed GH/PRL-containing tumors.
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PMID:Serum prolactin and growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in patients with pituitary adenomas. 250 34

A seminoma and parathyroid adenoma were diagnosed in an aged snow leopard. The ultrastructural appearance of the seminoma was similar to that described in the dog and in man. The lack of significant amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes and free ribosomes in the parathyroid adenoma suggested that it was non-functional. Parathyroid adenoma has not been previously described in a large wild feline.
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PMID:Seminoma and parathyroid adenoma in a snow leopard (Panthera unica). 276 Feb 81

A case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma is reported. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with the chief complaint of right hypochondoralgia. The small right adrenal tumor was found incidentally by ultrasonography on examination for cholecystolithiasis. Since there was no evidence of malignancy from biochemical data, observation of the tumor was performed for 3 months. However, the lesion was gradually increased in size. Therefore, right adrenalectomy was performed. Histological findings revealed benign adrenocortical adenoma. In the Japanese literature this case seems to be the 36th case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma.
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PMID:[A case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma showing enlargement in size during follow-up period]. 306 5

Although bromocriptine administration produces reduction in size of prolactinomas, its effect upon non-functional pituitary adenomas is still uncertain. Nine patients with macroadenomas, 2 of them with prolactinomas and 7 with non-functional tumours, received bromocriptine prior to transsphenoidal surgery. Size reduction of tumour mass was assessed by computerized tomography and by visual field examination before and following bromocriptine treatment. There were no signs of size diminution or pathological changes in the non-functional adenomas treated pharmacologically during 15 to 360 days. Both patients with prolactinomas had radiological evidence of size reduction and morphological changes on microscopic examination. These 2 patients had tumours with prolactin granules (immunocytochemistry) and adenoma cells showed reduced cytoplasmatic, nuclear and nucleolar areas. Neither vascular damage, cell necrosis, nor infarction was observed by electron microscopy. Patients with non-functional tumours as determined by immunocytochemistry and hormone production did not benefit from bromocriptine. The suggestion that bromocriptine can be used as primary treatment for non-functional pituitary tumours is not supported by the present study. Conversely, in cases of macroprolactinoma, bromocriptine is a useful pre-operative adjunct when surgery is planned and for those patients in whom a surgical cure is considered difficult owing to the tumour size.
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PMID:Bromocriptine therapy as pre-operative adjunct of non-functional pituitary macroadenomas. 399 11

The incidence of latent pituitary microadenoma is poorly known as few studies have as yet been carried out. To address this problem, microadenoma was systematically looked for during 100 random routine post-mortem examinations in subjects with no endocrine disorders. Microadenoma was found in ten cases. Immunocytochemical study demonstrated prolactinoma in 6 cases, somatotropic adenoma in 1, mixed adenoma in 1, and non-functional adenoma in 2. Microadenoma seems more prevalent between fifty and sixty years of age. Outcome is discussed: spontaneous resolution, growth with onset of clinical manifestations, or persistence without changes in size.
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PMID:[Latent pituitary adenoma. Autopsy study]. 631 32

The effects of human recombinant basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) on the secretion, viability, proliferation, attachment and morphology of ten dispersed human clinically non-functional (NF) adenomas were examined in vitro. Four clinically NF adenomas secreting FSH and/or LH in vitro were unaffected by 10 nM bFGF over a 4-h period. Over 4 days 10 nM bFGF stimulated LH secretion (66% and 72%, P < 0.01) from two out of seven clinically NF adenomas secreting LH, whilst FSH (three tumours) and alpha-subunit secretion (three tumours) were unaffected. One adenoma co-secreting LH and alpha-subunit and one secreting LH alone were studied over 21 days; LH secretion fell progressively, but the decline was significantly less (P < 0.05) with bFGF (10 nM) treatment after 14 and 21 days in both adenomas, whilst the fall in alpha-subunit secretion was unaffected by bFGF treatment. A 24-h GnRH test performed at the start and end of the 21-day period in one of these tumours showed an increase in both basal and stimulated LH secretion in the bFGF-treated group over control (124%, P < 0.001). There was no effect of bFGF (10 nM) on viability, S-phase proliferation, attachment or morphology of adenoma cells over a 4-day period. These results suggest that bFGF has a role in tumorous LH secretion from these adenomas, but is not mitogenic (at least over 4 days) and is without effect on other parameters of in vitro differentiated function.
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PMID:Effects of basic fibroblastic growth factor on the function and proliferation of human clinically non-functional pituitary adenomas which secreted glycoprotein hormones in vitro. 753 28

Adrenal tumors showing no clinical manifestations (incidentaloma) are frequently encountered during imaging analysis upon routine examinations. These tumors are sometimes associated with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus (DM). We have examined six cases of incidentalomas with these symptoms in this study. All patients underwent endocrinological evaluation by measuring plasma cortisol and aldosterone levels to assess adrenocortical function. The levels of urinary 17-hydroxysteroids, 17-ketosteroids and catecholamines were also measured. Imaging analysis were performed by using 131I-adosterol scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Whereas one case was diagnosed as having an adrenal adenoma without the examination of a surgical specimen, other cases underwent surgical removal of the tumor, and final diagnoses were made by pathohistological examination of the tumors. Three cases were diagnosed as having adrenocortical adenomas (one was functioning and others were non-functioning) and one case was diagnosed as having a functional adrenocortical carcinoma. Adenomas were found to produce either non-functional steroids or a small amount of functional steroid hormones. The adenoma patients all suffered hypertension, whereas one of the adenoma patients and the carcinoma patient showed signs of DM. By contrast, of the six cases, one case was diagnosed as having an adrenal cyst, and one case was diagnosed with myelolipoma. Although these two cases suffered DM and hypertension, respectively, it seemed to be unlikely that these clinical symptoms were caused by the adrenal disease. Thus, the present analysis of the six incidentaloma patients suggests that once an adrenal incidentaloma patient with hypertension and/or DM is found, both endocrinological and imaging examinations are necessary to determine the indication of surgical treatment. This analysis supports the present consensus that non-functional adenomas whose sizes are 3cm or less and whose sizes do not change at any reevaluation period, as well as adrenal cysts and myelolipoma should not be surgically removed.
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PMID:[Endocrinological and imaging analyses of adrenal incidentalomas with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus]. 800 91

Calcification is a well recognized but relatively uncommon feature of prolactin-secreting, growth hormone-secreting and non-functional pituitary tumours. It varies in extent, but rarely exceeds a tiny amount histologically or radiologically. Thyrotroph adenomas are the rarest of the secretory pituitary tumours, accounting for less than 1% of cases, and partial calcification of such lesions has been reported in only three cases. We describe two patients in whom the clinical and biochemical features indicated the presence of a TSH-secreting adenoma and radiology demonstrated a large 'pituitary stone'. One patient, a 59-year-old female, initially presented with hyperthyroidism, aged 18, and was rendered euthyroid by two subtotal thyroidectomies before a pituitary lesion was suspected, over 20 years later. Autonomous secretion of thyrotrophin was demonstrated by dynamic tests, and the failure of exogenous T3 to reduce the serum TSH. In the absence of tumour expansion and compressive symptoms, pituitary surgery was not undertaken. At the age of 56, she developed symptoms of intermittent ataxia and diplopia, culminating in a focal seizure, and was found on CT scan to have, in addition to the pituitary lesion, a parasagittal meningioma. This was successfully removed at craniotomy. In the second patient, a 42-year-old male, the finding of hyperthyroidism in association with an elevated TSH concentration led to the discovery of a pituitary stone which was removed transethmoidally, together with surrounding adenomatous tissue which stained positively for TSH on immunocytochemistry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Pituitary stone: two cases of densely calcified thyrotrophin-secreting pituitary adenomas. 830 73

Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed in 21 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (19 adenomas in 19 cases and 5 glands with primary hyperplasia) and 24 glands with secondary hyperplasia. Tissue intact-PTH concentration was measured in another 41 glands with secondary hyperplasia. Glands with adenoma had a higher proliferative index than normal glands or glands with secondary hyperplasia. In the adenoma group, there was a negative correlation between proliferative index and age, an indicator of the tumorous nature of adenomas. Daily urinary calcium excretion in case of adenoma and tissue intact-PHT concentration in glands with secondary hyperplasia also showed correlations with proliferative index, which demonstrates a close relationship between cellular proliferation and endocrine activity. Gland weight and proliferative index had no significant correlation in both groups. Therefore, another mechanism besides cellular proliferation and endocrine activity, such as number of non-functional parathyroid cells, should be considered.
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PMID:[Study on the cellular proliferation and endocrine activity of the parathyroid gland in hyperparathyroidism]. 841 3


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