Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sequence of the amino-terminal portion of human parathyroid hormone, particularly the identity of residues 22, 28, and 30 (the subject of discrepancies in recent published reports), has been reexamined by two basic methods of structural analysis. A fresh lot of human parathyroid hormone isolated from pooled adenoma tissue was analyzed by Edman degradation with identification of critical residues by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. In the second approach, -14C or tritiated amino acids were incorporated during biosynthesis of the human hormone in slices of parathyroid glands in vitro; the appropriate amino acid residues were then determined as the -14C or tritiated phenythiohydantoin derivatives of the amino acid after Edman degradation, or by peptide isolation after appropriate cleavage with endopeptidase, or both. The results confirm our previous findings that residue 22 is glutamic acid, residue 28 is leucine, and residue 30 is aspartic acid.
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PMID:A reinvestigation of the amino-terminal sequence of human parathyroid hormone. 112 1

Urinary excretion of 18-hydroxycortisol (18-OHF), 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) and aldosterone 18-glucuronide (Aldo-18-glu) was measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism; 5 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 5 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), 10 patients with essential hypertension (EHT) and 11 normotensive subjects. In EHT patients, urinary 18-OHF (172 +/- 15 micrograms/24h) and 18-OHB (3.1 +/- 0.6 micrograms/24h) values were not significantly different from 18-OHF (142 +/- 35 micrograms/24h) and 18-OHB (3.6 +/- 0.5 micrograms/24h) in the controls. Urinary 18-OHF values were significantly higher in APA (640 +/- 213 micrograms/24h) when compared with controls and EHT, whereas 18-OHB (11.3 +/- 1.5 micrograms/24h) values were only slightly elevated. Both 18-OHF and 18-OHB were significantly increased in APA compared with 18-OHF (232 +/- 56 micrograms/24h) and 18-OHB (4.6 +/- 0.3 micrograms/24h) in IHA. The two urinary steroids, especially 18-OHF proved to be a useful marker for the diagnosis of APA, confirming the previous findings. Aldo-18-glu was not significantly different between APA and IHA. In normal subjects when sodium intake was restricted to 48meq/day for four days the urinary 18-OHF was increased two fold to 383 +/- 59 micrograms/24h (p less than 0.01 vs control period) associated with comparable rise in plasma renin activity. This suggests that the biosynthesis of 18-OHF is partly under control of renin-angiotensin axis in normal subjects.
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PMID:Determination of urinary 18-hydroxycortisol in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. 156 Jan 87

A number of flounders dwelling in highly contaminated coastal areas of Northern Europe develop liver tumours. In order to increase our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these sporadic tumours, we examined p53 mutations in eleven hyperplasia and six adenoma. p53 introns 4 to 8 were first sequenced to allow individual amplification of exons 5 to 8. DNA extracted from formalin-fixed livers was amplified and PCR products were directly sequenced. Two major results were obtained. (i) Flounders from different geographical areas displayed a high rate of sequence variation. Base substitutions were identified in both tumour and normal tissues and thus may be considered as polymorphic variations in individuals. (ii) One mutation was detected in two hyperplastic foci from the same flounder. This mutation was a T:A to A:T transversion at codon 147, resulting in the replacement of valine for glutamic acid. This residue took place in the L2 loop of the DNA binding surface. Its substitution by an hydrophilic and charged residue could thus impair p53 (protein) biological activity.
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PMID:Evidence of p53 mutation in an early stage of liver cancer in European flounder, Platichthys flesus (L.). 1064 15

Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) expression was immunohistochemically analysed in a total of 268 cases of thyroid gland disease, including 129 cases of papillary carcinoma (PC), 60 cases of follicular carcinoma (FC), 57 cases of follicular adenoma, and 22 cases of adenomatous goitre. Seventy-one percent (91/129) of PC cases showed GLUT-1 expression, semi-quantitatively evaluated as: +, 21 cases (16%); 2+, 37 cases (29%); 3+, 33 cases (26%); and negative, 38 cases (29%). These positive cases were divided into two groups: 'membrane-like' pattern in 24 cases (19%), and 'cytoplasm-predominance' pattern in 67 cases (52%). GLUT-1 expression was observed in 5% (3/60) of FC cases, but all follicular adenomas and adenomatous goitres were negative for GLUT-1 (PC vs. FC, p<0.0001). Membrane-like expression was observed more frequently in non-organ-confined PCs (pT4) than in organ-confined PCs (pT1, 2, and 3) (p=0.0056). Seventy-five percent (18/24) of PC cases showing membrane-like expression were non-organ-confined. The membrane-like pattern was observed more frequently in PCs with lymph node (LN) metastasis compared to those without (p=0.0036). Ninety-two percent (22/24) of PC cases showing the membrane-like pattern were not organ-confined. Semi-quantitative analysis of glut-1 mRNA by RT-PCR showed a tendency toward higher expression in PCs compared to FCs, follicular adenomas and adenomatous goitres, and the mRNA expression in PCs with a membrane-like pattern was higher than those showing cytoplasm-predominance. We concluded that: 1) GLUT-1 is immunohistochemically useful in distinguishing PC from FC and benign diseases; 2) GLUT-1 may play an important role in the advancement of PC and LN metastasis, and its membrane-like expression is of more clinical significance than the cytoplasm-predominance pattern; and 3) glut-1 mRNA expression corresponds with the immunohistochemical expression profile.
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PMID:Glucose transporter-1 expression in the thyroid gland: clinicopathological significance for papillary carcinoma. 1627 45