Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our objective was to study the relationship between dispensed aspirin, nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (SAIDs), acetaminophen, calcium, psyllium, and multivitamin preparations and the risk for subsequent colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma. The design was a case-control study. The patient population was from a large municipal teaching hospital in Atlanta, Georgia. In logistic regression models, the risk of colorectal adenoma or adenocarcinoma decreased in the first two years of continuous NSAID use in a linear, time-dependent manner. The risk of colorectal neoplasia after two years of continuous NSAID use was reduced significantly (P < 0.01) as compared to nonusers. Risk reduction appeared greater for adenocarcinoma than adenoma. The use of SAIDs, calcium, multivitamins, and psyllium, as prescribed to our patient population during the mean six-year study period, conferred no measurable risk reduction. These results suggest that in prospective chemoprevention trials, a significant risk reduction can be expected after only two years of aspirin use, in doses similar to those recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, or nonaspirin NSAIDs [correction of nonaspirin. NSAIDs], in doses commonly prescribed for the management of musculoskeletal pain. The results also imply that any short-term reduction in the incidence of colorectal adenoma detected in a phase II trial would underestimate the chemopreventive effect of NSAIDs on the risk of adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Long-term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and other chemopreventors and risk of subsequent colorectal neoplasia. 868 6

The authors report their experience of 34 benign and 17 malignant tumours of the adrenal cortex. Both occurred more frequently in women (79.4% of cortical adenomas and 70.6% of adrenocortical carcinomas). Moreover, females were significantly younger (average age: adenomas: females 44.9 years and males 54.4 years, adrenocortical carcinomas: females 34.1 years and males 58.3 years). Some tumours presented in the form of increased hormone production, while others were hormonally inactive and did not cause clinical signs until later. Pain was the first symptom in the cases of malignant adrenocortical tumours. Adenomas occurred as frequently twice in the left adrenal gland (24 versus 12), whereas carcinomas were more than twice are frequent on the right (10 versus 7). Ultrasonography and CT were appropriate and fully sufficient methods for the diagnosis of adrenal tumours. Arteriography was valuable in the differential diagnosis of large upper abdominal masses when the organ of origin could not be identified by CT and for determination of anatomic conditions and subsequent surgical tactics. For small tumours of the adrenal cortex, the classic lumbar approach through the bed of the resected eleventh rib is adequate. For larger tumours, extended lumbotomy, laparotomy or thoracotomy is necessary.
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PMID:Tumours of the adrenal cortex. 871 57

Percutaneous intranodular ethanol injection (PEI) has been proposed for the therapy of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules. In 1992, an Italian multicenter study was undertaken to confirm the usefulness and the feasibility of this procedure. The study included 429 patients: 242 (56.4%) were affected by a toxic adenoma (TA) and 187 (43.5%) by pretoxic adenoma (PTA). Free thyroid hormone levels (FT4, FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured before and 3, 6, 12 months after the end of treatment; thyroid ultrasound and thyroid scintiscan were performed in the majority of patients before and after treatment. Patients underwent 2-12 sessions of ethanol injection under sonographic guidance (median 4). The total amount of ethanol administered per patient (1.5 mL/mL nodular volume) was 2-50 mL (mean +/- SD, 17 +/- 9 mL), and the amount per each injection was 1-8 mL (3.2 +/- 1.3 mL). The treatment was judged successful when both TSH and free thyroid hormone serum levels returned within the normal range and recovery of tracer uptake in extranodular tissue was observed at scintiscan, at any time during the follow-up period. The treatment was considered unsuccessful when no change was observed at scintiscan and/or serum TSH levels remained less than 0.4 mU/L. A successful treatment was achieved in 66.5% of patients with TA and in 83.4% of patients with PTA, when assessed after a 12-month follow-up. In all cases a reduction of the nodular size was observed. Almost all positive results were obtained in nodules whose initial volume was less than 15 mL; large nodules responded less favorably. The treatment was generally well tolerated, only transient side-effects, mainly local pain at the time of injection, were observed. Once normalization of scintigraphic image and of FT4, FT3 and TSH serum concentrations was achieved, no recurrence of hyperthyroidism nor development of hypothyroidism were observed for the length of the study. In conclusion, percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules is effective and safe. Better results are obtained in patients with PTA than in patients with TA, particularly when the initial volume of the nodule is less than or equal to 15 mL. PEI may be considered as an alternative to surgery and to radioiodine for treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules.
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PMID:Treatment of solitary autonomous thyroid nodules by percutaneous ethanol injection: results of an Italian multicenter study. The Multicenter Study Group. 878 80

A case of a 46-year-old woman with a left cavernous sinus hemangioma is reported. The onset of symptoms consisted in left orbital pain and ocular diseases. The suspected diagnosis were among Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and, after neuroimaging researches, cavernous sinus meningioma, trigeminal neurinoma, craniopharyngioma and adenoma with extrasellar extension. The lesion was partially removed with additional neurological deficit of the left 3rd cranial nerve. The patient underwent 7 months later focal radiation therapy of 45 Gray and a 19 months follow-up showed the complete disappearance of the mass and partial recovery of the 3rd cranial nerve function.
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PMID:Cavernous hemangioma of the cavernous sinus. Complete disappearance of the neoplasma after subtotal excision and radiation therapy. Case report. 938 72

In the years 1974-96, 27 patients aged 31-74 were treated for symptomatic pseudocysts. The duration of symptoms ranged from 3 months to 20 years. Patients were complaining for: pain in the upper abdomen (82%), feeling of fullness (59%), nausea and vomiting (41%), weight loss (23%). Diagnosis was confirmed by USG and CT except of two patients who were diagnosed during emergency surgery because of the cyst rupture. Multiple cysts were present in 4 patients others had single cysts. The treatment comprised: excision of the cyst in 13 patients, excision with partial right lobectomy in 4, fenestration in 5 (laparoscopically in two), marsupialisation of ruptured cyst in one and in remaining 4 puncturing or transcutaneous drainage. Good result of treatment was achieved in all cases. Histologic examination of the cysts revealed: serosal cyst in 18, echinococcal in 2, adenoma originating from bile ducts epithelium in the remaining. The follow up period is 3 months to 21 years. No recurrence of the cyst was noted.
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PMID:[Results of treating liver cysts]. 942 90

Metanephric adenoma is a kidney tumour first identified in 1988 and classified within the group of nephroblastic tumours. It is described as a benign tumour with no capacity to become malignant or metastatic, predominant in women in a 2:1 ratio relative to men, and which can develop at any point in life. In most cases, it is incidentally found as a result of an abdominal ultrasound study for signs and symptoms unrelated to the kidney. Less commonly it presents with pain, polycythemia, haematuria or palpable mass. The key radiologic sign is calcification, which occurs in a statistically higher proportion than in any other renal neoplasia. From the pathoanatomical point of view, the tumour consists of small acinus separated by acellular stroma resembling the hamartomatous elements of nephroblastomatosis and Wilms' tumour. This paper contributes one case of metanephric adenoma, the first one in the national literature.
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PMID:[Metanephric adenoma. A new embryonal tumor of the kidney]. 958 73

At a single institution over 25 years, 110 patients were operated upon for a mixture of parotid disease. The mean duration of symptoms for benign disease was 40.8 months compared with 15.6 months for malignant disease. Pain was a significant feature of malignant parotid disorders (46.1% compared with 17.8% for benign conditions). The pathology of these masses was diverse, with pleomorphic adenoma being the commonest (44%). Superficial parotidectomy was the commonest procedure employed (69/110) with local excision being performed only prior to 1984 (15/110). There were five cases of permanent facial palsy, all following radical resection for malignancy. One patient developed Frey's syndrome. Recurrence rate for pleomorphic adenomas was 7/48 (15%), three following enucleations prior to 1984. In primary malignancy of the parotid, 3/21 (14%) developed recurrences. Parotid tumours have a low incidence. Surgery for these tumours can be safely performed by those with a special interest in parotid surgery.
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PMID:A 25 year review of parotid surgery. 961 23

The existence of two distinct isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX), which convert arachidonic acid to prostanoids, is now well established. COX-1, which is constitutively expressed in many tissues (including the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and kidney) is responsible for producing prostanoids that regulate normal housekeeping or physiologic functions. In contrast, COX-2 is the inducible form responsible for the production of prostanoids in response to a variety of evoking stimuli in different tissues and for mediation of inflammation and pain in certain diseases. Since the identification of COX-2, a great deal of research has been devoted to elucidating and understanding its molecular and physiologic characteristics. As a result of research into the differences between COX-1 and COX-2, new insights into the role of each isoform in normal homeostasis and in their responses to exogenous stimuli have emerged. Besides its induction in cells at inflammatory sites, COX-2 is known to be induced in the kidney in response to sodium depletion or in hyperfiltration states; in postsynaptic excitatory neurons in the brain after electroconvulsive stimulation, in the ovary and uterus during ovulation and implantation; in intestinal epithelium after bacterial infection; as well as in colon adenoma and carcinoma cells. These findings, largely from animal studies, have suggested a broader spectrum of biologic activity of COX-2 and potential alterations of specific physiologic or protective mechanisms by inhibition of COX-2, as well as potential new clinical targets of therapy with COX-2 inhibitors. As COX-2 appears to play an important role in pathologic processes other than pain and inflammation, ongoing research is investigating the potential utility of COX-2 inhibitors in other conditions, such as colonic polyposis, colorectal cancer, and Alzheimer's disease.
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PMID:Specific COX-2 inhibitors in arthritis, oncology, and beyond: where is the science headed? 1022 37

An 18 year-old resident of Zagreb was admitted to our hospital with intermittent pain in the right subcostal region. On examination, a palpable resistance was found in the upper abdomen. After extensive clinical and laboratory tests, a tumor of the pancreatic head, 80-85 mm in diameter, was verified. Cytologically, a diagnosis of microcystic adenoma of the pancreas was established. The patient underwent a cephalic pancreatoduodenectomy with preservation of the pylorus. Six months later the patient was no longer on a diet and, at follow-up, 3 years after surgery, she is symptom-free and feeling well.
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PMID:Pancreatic head cystadenoma: a case report. 1037 Jun 30

Somatostatin analogs have been shown to be effective for the treatment of TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas. However, their use in this indication is limited by the fact that available analogs require several daily sc injections. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of a slow release formulation of the somatostatin analog lanreotide (SR-L) on both hormone secretion and tumor size and to assess the tolerance in a series of thyrotropinomas treated for 6 months. Eighteen patients with hyperthyroidism related to a TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma, evidenced by pituitary magnetic resonance imaging, were studied. After a basal assessment, each patient received 30 mg SR-L, im, every 14 days for 1 month. Then, according to the free T3 (fT3) plasma level measured, 9 of 18 patients were injected twice monthly, and 7 of 18 patients received SR-L every 10 days for 5 additional months. One patient was dismissed from the study in month 1 of the study for side-effects and another in month 3 for noncompliance to the protocol. Clinical and biological evaluations (plasma TSH, free alpha-subunit, fT4, fT3, and lanreotide levels) were performed before and in months 1, 3, and 6 of treatment. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging and gallbladder ultrasonography were performed both at entry and at the end of the study. Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism improved within 1 month in all 16 evaluable patients. Mean (+/- SEM) plasma lanreotide levels reached 1.11 +/- 0.43 and 1.69 +/- 0.65 ng/mL in month 3 using 2 and 3 injections/month, respectively, then remained stable until the end of the study. During therapy, the plasma TSH level decreased from 2.72 +/- 0.32 to 1.89 +/-0.27 mU/L (P < 0.01), with parallel significant changes in free alpha-subunit. During the same period, plasma fT4 and fT3 levels decreased from 37.9 +/- 2.9 to 19.7 +/- 2.3 pmol/L (P < 0.01) and from 14.6 +/- 1.1 to 8.3 +/- 0.8 pmol/L (P < 0.01), respectively. No statistically significant change in mean adenoma size was observed after 6 months of treatment. Side-effects, including pain at the injection point, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea, were mild and transient and did not lead to interruption of the treatment. No gallstones occurred during the study. SR-L appears to be able to suppress clinical signs of hyperthyroidism in our series of patients with TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas. The analog also reduces plasma TSH and thyroid hormone levels, which were normalized in 13 of 16 cases. The effect was maintained throughout the treatment using 2 or 3 SR-L injections monthly without any problem of tolerance. We conclude that SR-L is a safe and effective treatment of thyrotropinomas and avoids the drawbacks of the modes of administration of other somatostatin analogs, given three times daily.
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PMID:Evaluation of the treatment of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas with a slow release formulation of the somatostatin analog lanreotide. 1077 Jan 86


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