Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with thyroid cyst (TC), non-toxic nodular goiter (NNG), follicular adenoma (FA) and papillary carcinoma (PC) were given a tracer dose of 125I 40h prior to surgery. Tissue specimens were hydrolysed with Pronase and their labeled iodocompound distribution determined by paper or thin layer chromatography; they were then derivatized and their stable iodoamino acids (IAA) determined by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Specific activity (SA) of MIT, DIT and T4 was within the same range in TC, FA and grossly normal part of a PC, and was markedly lower in two NNG. SA of T3 was very high in a TC, and higher than that of other IAA, in one NNG, indicating preferential synthesis. SA of MIT and DIT was very high in grossly normal part of a second PC but stable iodothyronines were undetectable. Specimen therefore was biochemically abnormal though grossly normal. In the two abnormal specimens of PC stable IAA were undetectable, even though type of distribution of labeled IAA in one specimen closely approximated that found in TC, FA and NNG. In a second abnormal PC specimen RAI uptake was too low for analysis to be carried out. By combining labeled and stable IAA measurements new parameters for studying human thyroids have been obtained.
 ...
PMID:Iodoamino acids in abnormal and grossly normal thyroids: Comparison between 125I and 127I distribution. 26 12

Of the patients operated upon for goiter (n = 1891) within the last 10 years, 625 had hyperthyroidism. Exophthalmia was present in 22.7% toxic nodular goiter in 26.5%; the remaining patients had autonomous adenoma. The different prognosis and treatment of Graves' disease in contrast to other kinds of hyperthyroidism is discussed. The importance of radioimmunoassays and scintigraphic methods as a basis of differentiated and functional surgical treatment is emphasized. Close cooperation among all medical branches involved in the treatment of goiter is recommended.
 ...
PMID:[Surgery of hyperthyroidism: introduction (author's transl)]. 58 96

Four cases of Plummer's disease were experienced and its clinical and pathological characteristics were considered. Clinically, three cases were thyrotoxic or slightly toxic, but one was non-toxic. Thyroid scintigrams showed hot nodules which revealed autonomic production of thyroid hormone, and the depleted uptake of 131I in the thyroid glands around the nodules was recovered to normal after the surgical extripation of the nodules. Histologic findings of the extripated nodules were follicular adenoma or adenomatous goitor. On electron-microscopy, epithelial cells of the thyroid follicules in the nodules from all cases contained numerous secretory granules significantly increased in number, while development of the general cytoplasmic organelles varied from case to case. Capillaries in the nodules were fenestrated. Thus, the nodules were electron-microscopically revealed active secretion of thyroid hormone. The electron-microscopical examinations may be useful in the study of Plummer's disease.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and pathological considerations of Plummer's disease (author's transl)]. 103 72

The authors report their experience in the study of 8 patients showing symptoms of thyroid hyperfunction (Plummer's adenoma) and treated with US-guided percutaneous ethanol injection. The treatment consisted in injecting sterile ethanol in varying amounts (2 to 5 ml) according to nodule size, using a fine needle under US guidance. The patients underwent 3 to 6 injections, according to biochemical (T3-T4-TSH) and scintigraphic findings. Follow-up at 12 months showed regression of clinical symptoms, a trend of hormone levels toward normalization and recovery of previously suppressed parenchymal function. No significant complications were observed, except for a transient thyrotoxic crisis in the patient bearing the largest nodule. The treatment of Plummer's adenoma by means of percutaneous ethanol injection under US guidance appears to provide specific clinical and technical advantages over other conventional treatments.
 ...
PMID:[Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of ethanol in Plummer's adenoma. Our experience with 8 patients]. 189 84

The Authors analyzed the thyroid diseases series of the Institute of 1a Clinica Chirurgica of the University of Catania which includes 1022 patients over the last 17 years, reviewing clinical and laboratory tests usually used in a register of diagnosis for autonomous adenomas of the thyroid. The Authors discuss pathogenesis, likely etiology and epidemiology of Plummer's adenoma, taking into consideration the therapy and the complications related to the therapy itself. They conclude stating that the adenoma is a pathology where the surgical operation solves the dismetabolic condition in a lasting way.
 ...
PMID:[Toxic adenoma of the thyroid gland: personal experience]. 251 32

In a prospective multicentric study, 924 untreated hyperthyroid patients were investigated, coming consecutively within one year into 17 thyroid centers of 6 European countries. With the aid of clinical information, evaluation of thyroid scan and centrally assayed thyroid hormones, thyroid antibodies, TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII), and urinary iodine, different types of hyperthyroidism could be shown. Two types of hyperthyroidism could be defined directly: autonomous adenoma in cases of hot nodules in thyroid scan and Graves' disease, defined as hyperthyroidism with eye symptoms, and/or measurable TBII levels. The remainder, called "non-classifiable", included TBII negative Graves' patients, comprising of Hashitoxicosis, toxic nodular goiter, and other multifocal autonomies. 9.2% of the patients had an autonomous adenoma, 59.6% Graves' disease, and 31.2% unclassified hyperthyroidism. The main and significant difference between these types were mean age, goiter size, nodularity, and severity of the disease, being especially expressed in Graves' disease. Graves' patients had significantly increased T3/T4 ratios. Using as additional criteria diffuse regular uptake and/or increased T3/T4 ratios for immunogenic types of hyperthyroidism at least half of the 31.2% unclassified hyperthyroidism are probably Graves' disease. Forming two groups of iodine-deficient areas (IDA) and iodine-sufficient areas (ISA) according to the urinary iodine, it was possible to elucidate some characteristics independently of local factors. Autonomous adenoma was more frequent in IDA (10.1%) than in ISA (3.2%). Differences in iodine supply are reflected in the three types of hyperthyroidism by a significant higher prevalence of goiter, thyroid nodularity, lower thyroid hormone concentrations, and a higher rate of T3 toxicosis in IDA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The different types of hyperthyroidism in Europe. Results of a prospective survey of 924 patients. 337 59

The aim of this study was to check the efficacy of radioiodine (131I) therapy (RIT) in a large number of patients (n = 506) suffering from immunogenic or non-immunogenic hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease, Plummer's disease). Since there is no causal cure for immunogenic hyperthyroidism RIT provides, like all other modalities, only a moderate rate of success which is clearly dose-related. Applying 60 Gy, normal thyroid function can be achieved in only 54% of the cases. A dose of 150 Gy succeeds in 86% of the cases. The solitary decompensated autonomous adenoma (DAA) can be eliminated surgically as well as by RIT with a high degree of success (95%). Contrary to surgery, RIT does not have any noticeable early or late morbidity. The high rate of success of RIT in patients with DAA could be confirmed in two groups with different follow-up periods (16 and 65 months). As expected, the rate of hypothyroidism increased from 11% in the early group to 23% in the late group. Multinodular autonomous adenomas can be eliminated successfully using RIT as well. The concept to apply a dose of 400 Gy to the total functional autonomous tissue as determined by ultrasound yields better results (95%) than 150 Gy to the whole thyroid gland as measured by ultrasound (88%). The rate of hypothyroidism as shown by these results (up to a maximum of 62% after RIT of Graves' disease using 150 Gy) is the lesser evil compared to remaining or recurrent hyperthyroidism since these patients can be treated with thyroid hormones without problems.
 ...
PMID:[Results of radioiodine treatment of patients with immunogenic and non-immunogenic hyperthyroidism using different focal doses]. 340 82

Hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas causing thyrotoxicosis (Plummer's disease) is not an uncommon cause of hyperthyroidism in the elderly. Most commonly, the adenoma appears as a so-called "hot" nodule on thyroid scintigraphy causing suppression (i.e., nonvisualization) of the remainder of the gland. This report describes a case of Plummer's disease in an elderly patient in whom the toxic nodule primarily responsible for causing the hyperthyroidism became scintigraphically apparent at 96 hours after I-131 therapeutic ablation.
 ...
PMID:Delayed radioiodine organification in Plummer's disease. 775 Feb 10

The high-resolution appearance of enlarged parathyroid glands is well known. Thus, real-time gray-scale US alone fails to provide, in ENT surgery, adequate sensitivity and specificity rates to differentiate between parathyroid glands, hypoechoic thyroid adenomas and other hypoechoic neck masses. Since parathyroid tissue, in both normal and enlarged glands, is hypervascular, color-Doppler US is used as a sort of non-invasive angiography to identify parathyroid glands. The combined use of B-mode and color-Doppler US allows the vascular features of thyroid masses to be satisfactorily demonstrated, with easy differentiation between enlarged parathyroid glands, featuring diffuse internal vascularization, and thyroid adenomas characterized by rounded peripheral vessels and also lymph nodes and cysts exhibiting different vascular patterns. We studied 25 patients with clinical and biochemical signs of hyperparathyroidism (19 primary and 6 secondary) submitted to surgery in the last 20 months. Every patient was scanned with both B-mode and color-Doppler US. At surgery, 19 parathyroid adenomas were found--16 of them correctly identified preoperatively with color-Doppler US and 3 false negatives (retrotracheal glands). Moreover, 1 false positive was observed due to a small Plummer's adenoma misdiagnosed as an intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma: both lesions had the same vascular pattern on US images. Sensitivity was 84.5% and specificity 93.7%. In secondary HPT patients, 23 hyperplastic glands were found at surgery--21 of them correctly identified preoperatively by color-Doppler US, with 2 false negatives. No false positive was found. Sensitivity was 87.5% and specificity 100%. Sensitivity does not differ very much from what reported in literature. Specificity is clearly increased by the use of color-Doppler US. The possible source of error represented by Plummer's adenomas lead us to investigate pulsed Doppler capabilities in differentiating Plummer's adenomas from PT glands, since color-Doppler findings were similar in the two conditions. Peak velocities recorded with both color and pulsed Doppler showed velocity to range 6 to 40 cm/s in parathyroid glands (mean +/- SD: 14.6 +/- 11.7) and 38 to 120 cm/s in thyrotoxic nodules (mean +/- SD: 78.4 +/- 23). The statistical analysis of the results showed a highly significant difference between the two groups of velocities. Peak velocities as recorded in the main, vessels of the parathyroid glands with color and pulsed Doppler were correlated with the activity of the parathyroid glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Clinical applications of color-Doppler: the parathyroid glands]. 833 86

The authors investigated the value of percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of Plummer's adenoma. Ten patients were studied: they exhibited a single, hot and toxic nodule in the thyroid. Thyroid autoimmunization (TSAb; TMAb; TGAb) and function (T3; T4; TSH; FT3; FT4) were studied in all patients, before treatment and at 1 month and 3 months. Scintigraphy with 99Tc was performed at the same time intervals. In the euthyroid stage, alcoholization was preceded by US and cytology. Three-four ml of ethanol 95 degrees were injected once or twice a week, from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 8 injections. Treatment was successful in 2 cases; partial success was obtained in 4 cases, and in 4 cases treatment failed. In all successful cases antibodies were negative and the nodules had hypoechoic echostructure, with a peripheral hypoechoic halo and no areas of internal colliquation. Thus, US-guided percutaneous alcoholization seems to be capable of correct indications in hypoechoic nodules not exhibiting areas of colliquative necrosis and with negative antibodies. However, the problem of the dose of alcohol to inject to treat the nodule thoroughly is still to be debated.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of Plummer's adenoma: correlation between ultrasonography-guided percutaneous injection of ethanol and autoimmunity]. 851 75


1 2 Next >>